Abstract: Insurgent activities carried out by terrorist organisations in West Africa continue to escalate, especially in Mali and Nigeria. This has prompted many international actors – including the European Union (EU) –to consider urgent measures towards the subregion. Significant space exists in the knowledge and analysis of the evolving situation, both on the part of international actors and the sub-regional governments themselves. This represents a key short-term challenge which must be addressed. However, the role played by these international actors towards the management of crises caused by insurgent movements has rather been selective and uncoordinated and this could account for ephemeral successes recorded so far in dealing with the insurgency question. To examine the role of international actors in the crises in West Africa, this study beamed its searchlight on the intervention of France in their erstwhile colony, Mali. To carry out a detailed analysis, the Marxian political economy approach was adopted. Generally, the historical method of inquiry was also deployed in the study. During the course of the study, we found out that while Mali promptly appealed to the international community for assistance, other states in the sub-region like Nigeria has embarked on self-help which has so far yielded little results. Consequently, it is recommended that to end insurgency problem in West Africa, governments and the international actors should go after the financiers rather than the combatants. Also, both governments and the international community may have to collaborate to isolate and fight active and core leaders of the insurgency, while offering social and economic measures to pacify the support base (and to compete with social services previously rendered by the insurgent movement).

Keywords: international actors, Insurgent activities, Insurgencies, international community, insurgency.

Title: The Role of the International Actors in the Resolution of Insurgencies in West Africa

Author: Chris Oke

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This paper aims to shed light on the social archetypes around us within and out among others and compare these archetypes available in the literature, since a fiction is the reflection of the individuals and the society. An archetype is an original model after which other similar things are patterned.  They are characters or personality types universally recognized by all.  Psychologists see archetypes as being part of our consciousness. They have been with us in the dawn of time.  We see them reflected in dreams, mythology, fairy tales, literature, art, movies, people we know/hear about, and religion. Because the archetypes are part of our consciousness, they can come into our lives and personality at any time.  Each archetype brings with it a task, lesson, and a gift.  How we view the world is defined by which archetype currently dominates our thinking and acting. This study will explore the individual archetypes among random samples through a questioner and will find out the extraordinary and ordinary archetypes and will analyze how it reflects in the popular literature with special reference to fiction as such.

Keywords: archetypes, mythology, consciousness, psychologists, fairytales.

Title: Social Archetypes: A study on fact and fiction

Author: Dr. C. Bhooma.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Group composition and the effectiveness of organizational teams are an integral part of organisations. Managing of faultlines like diversity management will increase the trends that seem unlikely to change are that employees increasingly work in teams, typically cross-functional or project teams, and with people demographically work with. Extending the theory on faultlines we argue that faultlines splitting a team into homogeneous subgroups can have different effects on team members’ individual performance, depending on different intra-subgroup processes. For this the Namibian top management team (TMT) data, will attempt to form a case for incorporating faultline algorithms for practical team analysis. The Namibian results reflect that strong demographic faultline subgroups matter for the documented and surveyed teams. While the strong demographic subgroups increased the faultlines seems to get weaker, but the number of subgroups seems to be unaffected. Nevertheless, the measure that measure faultlines and subgroups mimic each other and clearly measure the same subgroup size. Our focus on subgroups as an element of team composition also enables us to make a fresh contribution to the large body of literature that addresses team heterogeneity.

Keywords: Top Management team diversity, faultline, faultline computations, and subgroups.

Title: FAULTLINES: APPLYING THE RICHNESS TO NAMIBIAN TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM DIVERSITY DEMOGRAPHICS

Author: Albert Isaacs, Marius F. Johannes, Sitali Brian Lwendo.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This paper presents the positive effect of the online learning environment in promoting the English language skills for students who study English as a Second Language (ESL). Recently, many research studies have inquired into how engaging diverse (ESL) students in an online learning setting can advance their English language skills in all academic language areas (writing, reading, and speaking).  Moreover, how the collaborative learning environment via the internet can reduce the “affective factors” and contribute effectively in developing students' personal and social behaviors, by engaging them in a social, flexible, and independent learning environment. The online learning environment can reinforce students’ writing skills and motivate them to provide high-quality work, through some strategies such as peers' feedback and peer observation. This paper demonstrates that engaging ESL students in the online collaborative learning environment cannot only develop academic English language proficiency but also it produces a responsible, independent learner who has high cognitive skills.

Keywords: online learning, English language, promote student’s skills, ELS.  

Title: The Effect of the Online Learning Environment in Promoting English Language Skills for ESL Students

Author: Haya Turjman

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Engagements of African states with emerging powers through South-South Cooperation (SSC), particularly China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), offers alternative investment and aid packages that are provided on different terms compared to traditional Western investment and aid regimes. SSC stretches back to the Bandung Afro-Asian Conference of 1955 which primarily focused on the political independence of the South from colonialism, however, current relationships are mainly economic. This article considers the case of FOCAC as a vibrant SSC arrangement giving Africa both an alternative and some form of agency. FOCAC is premised on principles of non-interference and mutual benefits as opposed to the traditional Western packages which are sometimes paternalistic in nature. This paper’s main argument, however, is that the majority of African states lack effective strategies to engage China and the rest of the emerging powers from the South, moreover the African Union (AU) lacks an active and effective continental strategy. This may imply that most African states, negotiating singly with these emerging powers, may not get the fairest deals.

Keywords: Africa, South-South Cooperation, FOCAC, Brazil, China.

Title: SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION AND AFRICA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF FOCAC

Author: CHIPAIKE, R, MATARUTSE, K.H.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: All learners should have equal and sufficient opportunities to participate in arts activities through their lives, as arts provide multiple advantages and make vital contributions to their education [Russell-Bowie 2006]. In the following sections, various qualities of the arts are investigated in relation to how these qualities benefit learners. This paper review the findings of various empirical research studies relating to the educational value that arts education holds for children and young adults, with reference to intellectual development, enrichment through cultural diversity, creative thinking, espousing noble ideas through arts, and arts as a means of non-verbal communication.

Keywords: arts education, intelligence, curriculum, culture, creativity.  

Title: SYNTHESISING THE VALUE OF ATRS EDUCATION

Author: Dr. Dennis Benjamin Beukes

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The Kenya justice system has failed to combat domestic violence manifested as physical, sexual, psychological and emotional violence. The objective of the study was to examine the nature and extent of domestic violence in Vihiga County, Kenya. The research was informed by social and frustration-aggression theories. The study adopted qualitative and quantitative research techniques for data collection and analysis. Descriptive research design was employed to examine variables. 400 respondents comprising 338 Household heads were randomly sampled while 4 Court Officers, 4 Children Protection Officers, 41Assistant Chiefs and 13 Police Officers purposively sampled for the study.  A Closed-ended 5 point Likert Scale questionnaire, interview and FGD guide were employed for data collection. Qualitative data was thematically analyzed while quantitative data from questionnaires was analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) and Excel then presented in frequency tables, bar graphs and pie charts. Cronbach’s alpha (α) test for validity and reliability of the research instruments was tabulated at 0.79. The findings of study showed that all forms of domestic violence incidences were prevalent among individual in family households. The study recommended Vihiga County Government to constitutionally define forms of domestic violence and restructure the legal framework and protocols combating domestic violence in Vihiga County and Kenyan.

Keywords: Domestic violence, Aggression, Mate fighting and battering, Perpetrators, Victims of violence, Patriarchal practices, Physical violence, Psychological violence.

Title: The Nature and Extent of Domestic Violence in Vihiga County, Kenya

Author: Ngutu Jared Aineah, Professor Iteyo Crispinous, Dr. Kassilly Janet

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This research aims to know the influence of school literacy movement (GLS) to students’ literacy ability of Fifth grade SD Negeri Gunung Sari I Kecamatan Rappocini Kota Makassar school year 2016/2017. The research approach used a quantitative approach with Pre Experimental Research. The sample chosen with purposive sampling by choosing class V as experiment class with number 66 students and are present 50 students. Techniques of data collection used in this research i.e. test and documentation. The data collected from granting of literacy ability test then analyzed statistically descriptive and inferential using to sample t-test that is Wilcoxon Test by using the test of two sides (two tail test). Normality test uses Kolmogrov-Smirnov Normality Test with Asymp Sig. (2-Tailed) is 0,002 for pretest data and 0,003 for posttest data. Literacy ability on initial test (pretest) are on very satisfactory category with mean is 83,99 and the literacy ability on the final test (posttest) are on very satisfactory category with mean is 90,23. Hypothesis test uses Wilcoxon Test Asymp Sig. (2-tailed) Value is 0,00 < 0,05. Conclusion of research based on the result of analysis shows that there is the influence of school literacy movement (GLS) to students’ literacy ability of Fifth grade SD Negeri Gunung Sari I Kecamatan Rappocini Kota Makassar.

Keywords: GLS, Reading Comprehension, Literacy Ability, Quantitative Approach.

Title: EFFECT OF SCHOOL LITERACY MOVEMENT (GLS) ON STUDENTS’ LITERACY ABILITY

Author: Ahmad Syawaluddin, Nurhaedah

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Instructional supervision is key to effective teaching. Whereas emphasis has been put on external instructional supervision, less attention has been given to Internal Instructional Supervision (IIS), probably because its influence on teaching effectiveness is yet to be established. Kakamega County is the second largest County in terms of population yet achievement in English is low at a mean score of 5.26 in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Examination (2007-2012). The County’s Panel of Standards Assessment report, 2010 and 2011 pegged this to weak IIS structures. The purpose of this study was to establish influence of type of IIS on teaching effectiveness. A conceptual framework constituting of type of internal instructional supervision as the independent variables and teaching effectiveness as the dependent variable was used. The study used ex-post –facto, correlation and descriptive survey designs. Population was 13 Quality Assurance and Standards Officers (QUASO), 247 principals, 247 HODs and 494 teachers. It sampled 13 QUASO, 74 principals, 74 HODs and 215 teachers through purposive sampling. Questionnaires, interview schedules and document analysis guide were used. To establish validity, the instruments were given to experts in language pedagogy. A pilot study was conducted using 10% of the population; this gave rise to 24 principals, 24 HODs and 50 teachers to establish reliability. Quantitative data was analysed using frequencies, percentages and Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression. Qualitative data was transcribed, categorized and reported in themes relevant to the study. Findings revealed that 23% of teaching effectiveness could be predicted by types of internal instructional supervision. The study recommends that collaborative supervision be adopted followed by directive informational type. Findings of this study inform school personnel and educational stakeholders to maximise on classroom observation and adopt collaborative and directive informational types of IIS for teaching effectiveness.

Keywords: Internal instructional supervision, influence and teaching effectiveness.

Title: INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF INTERNAL INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION ON TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS IN ENGLISH IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Adrum Grace Anyango, Prof Indoshi Francis, Dr Okwach Tonny O.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This study investigated the causes and the effects of drug abuse among secondary school students in Maiha Local Government Area of Adamawa State. Population of the study consisted of all junior and senior public secondary schools in Maiha Local Government Area of Adamawa State. Four secondary schools were selected from thirteen secondary schools in the Local Government. A sample size of four hundred was chosen by stratified sampling technique using class and sex as strata. A self developed instrument named “Drug Abuse among Secondary School Students Questionnaire” (DASSSQ) was used for the study. The instrument was validated by two experts both in Counselling Psychology and Test and Measurement, while test retest of reliability was used to carry out the reliability of the instrument, and the reliability co-efficient was 0.85. Data were analyzed using frequency count, percentages and t-test analysis. The result of the findings showed that drug abuse was caused by various human factors such as peer group, broken homes, lack of parental care and the students suffered the consequences of drug abuse on academic performance in schools. The study concluded that drug abuse was a problem among students, most of them were aware of the dangers, yet they kept on indulging in the vices. Thus, it was recommended that teachers should communicate and interact effectively with students and engage in cooperative guidance and counselling session.

Keywords: drug abuse, misuse, overdose, unlawful, drug abusers.

Title: Drug Abuse among Secondary School Students in Maiha Local Government Area of Adamawa State Nigeria

Author: Dorcas Oluremi FAREO, Alpha JACOB

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The wave of Korean migration to the Philippines brought significant contributions for both countries. For Korean people, they enjoyed the hospitality of the Filipinos who accommodated them in several ways like in business ties, education, tourism, and cultural aspect. On the other hand, Filipinos experienced better economic conditions brought about by trade and local business by Koreans. The friendly and hospitable environment brought more Koreans to the Philippines who took pleasure on cheaper travels and English learning.  The various establishments of Korean associations in the Philippines allowed Korean people to work, study, and stay in the country in a comfortable way. The bilateral relation between the two countries remained strong and is enriched by various activities which strengthened friendship and camaraderie.

Keywords: migration, social bilateral relations, economy, education, and tourism.

Title: Migration of South Koreans to the Philippines: Its History, Challenges and Impact

Author: Song, Eulsub

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The status of the seereer woman occupies a non-negligible place in the musical production of Nicolas Ngor SARR. In “Ba Bolanaam o Loq” and “Xam Dakin a Tokol no Mbaar” Nicolas starts intelligently deconstructing the old discourse that entrapped the seereer woman in submissiveness, piety and purity as the top qualities of a good woman. He sings a new type of woman who refuses categorically to be beaten by her husband and sues for a divorce. Nicolas urges the seereer community to emancipate women by maintaining some cardinal values that the traditional seereer woman embodied. That is the reason why he celebrates mother by singing the soothing effect of motherhood in “Xam Dakin a Tokol no Mbaar”.

Keywords:  Seereer, Women, Motherhood, emancipation, rebellion, soothing, tradition, modernity.

Title: THE SEEREER WOMAN IN THE MUSIC OF NICOLAS NGOR SARR; BA BOLANAAM O LOQ (2013) AND XAM DAKIN A TOKOL NO MBAAR (2013): BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY

Author: Dr. Diome FAYE

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the internet competencies of teacher trainees with regards to use of ICT, internet browsing, along with awareness about ICT among male and female teacher trainees. Samples of 77 teacher trainees from Teacher’s Education Department of Seth Phool Chand Agrawal Smriti College, Nawapara – Raipur (C.G.) were selected randomly. A questionnaire and achievement test was constructed on the use of ICT and Internet use for teacher trainees. A practical programme schedule of 30 days which include group activities, cyber café visits, and chart preparation on different topics related to syllabus was designed for them for collection of data. Statistical analysis using percentage revealed that i) below the average numbers of male and female teacher trainees used computer and internet at home and cyber cafe, whereas a few numbers of male and female teacher trainees used computer and internet at college with having the knowledge about power point and excel; and used LCD projector for lesson delivering; and ii) after practical programme schedule of 30 days Cent percent of the teacher trainees were using computer and internet; above the average numbers of teacher trainee from both male and female can search engines; create email for their own; started making power point presentations; used the LCD projector; use excel to prepare graph.

Keywords: Internet competencies and awareness about ICT of male and female teacher trainees.

Title: ICT in Teacher’s Education: Needs and Expectation

Author: Mr. Debasis Mahapatra

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Evidently, after road transport, rail transport comes in as fundamentally the second most important mode of transport in Kenya, both for freight and passenger services. The Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) is a mega project that the Kenyan Government has invested in after freedom from the colonial rule. Critics are rife with sentiments that Kenya was not ripe for this investment and would have preferred that the funds be invested in other transport infrastructure development such as road networks which is perceived as critical for the moment. To clear and demystify the question of the ongoing uncertainty as to the economic viability of the project, the huge capital costs, allegations of graft and the concern that the projected benefits will fail to materialize as expected, and will not compensate for the high cost of the project, this paper will attempt to analyze the economic benefits that the SGR will achieve for Kenya. The paper will analyze how the SGR has enhanced tourism and trade for Kenya, how the SGR has reduced unemployment, how the SGR has enhanced both the social aspects and environmental conservation in Kenya. The study will review existing literature on metropolitan rail development with a few case studies from both developed and developing countries. This paper will reveal that the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) has massive economic value to the country and beyond and is crucial to development and attaining Vision 2030 goals. The study recommends the completion of the remaining SGR phases in the projected time frame for the railway industry to play a positive role in national development.

Keywords: Standard Gauge Railway, employment, tourism and trade and environmental conservation.

Title: ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE STANDARD GAUGE RAILWAY (SGR) AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS FOR KENYA

Author: Jane Nthenya Oluochi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Child abuse is a state of emotional, physical, economic and sexual maltreatment meted out to a person below the age of eighteen and is a globally prevalent phenomenon. The growing complexities of life and the dramatic changes brought about by socio-economic transitions in India have played a major role in increasing the vulnerability of children to various and newer forms of abuse. Child abuse has serious physical and psycho-social consequences which adversely affect the health and overall well-being of a child.1.

Methodology: Quantitative research approach with Quasi-experimental research design has been adopted for the study and purposive sampling technique was used. Total 50 school children of the age group 7-10 year were taken for the study. Data was collected with the help of child abuse questioner with the structured interview technique from children.

Results: Findings of the study clearly illustrate the more than half children were lies in the category of 9-10 year of age group. Before the intervention maximum students have the poor knowledge regarding good touch and bad touch but after teaching program there is significant improvement in the knowledge regarding good touch and bad touch among school children.

Conclusion: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the level of knowledge regarding good touch and bad touch among school going children in selected school. The present study findings indicate children had poor knowledge regarding good touch and bad touch in beginning After teaching program appreciable hike can be seen in knowledge among the children regarding good touch and bad touch.

Keywords: structure teaching program, child Abuse, Good Touch Bad Touch.

Title: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING GOOD TOUCH AND BAD TOUCH AMONG STUDENTS

Author: Amandeep Kaur, Anshu Sehgal, Charu, Gurpreet, Harmeet, Harpreet, Kavita Sankhyan, Manisha, Meenu Kumari

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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