Vol 4 Issue 1 April 2016-September 2016

Abstract: The development throughout the world is going at a very fast speed. An efficient transport system is a pre-requisite for the sustainable development of a country. Which plays a very important role in the speedy and economic growth of a country. The high growth of vehicles has further increased the demand of safe, wide and good quality of roads. Consistency in the quality has gain importance. Presently there is no proper system for monitoring the quality and quantity in the construction of the roads. Still the age old quality control measures are being adopted which do not match with the present speed of construction. To keep pace with the high speed of construction, the age old quality control methods need to be reviewed and substituted with modern methods of quality control. The overall purpose of the studies is to investigate how the concept of quality management is being adopted in the road construction process and the impact it is having. The basic objective of this work is to discover the application of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system for quality control in order to improve the quality of road construction. Keywords: Quality, Monitoring Technology, SCADA System, Implementation. Title: Study, Analysis and Implementation of Quality Management Practices in Bituminous Road Construction Author: Megha Deshmukh, Prajakta Shete International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this paper, mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar used for plastering over reinforced cement concrete exposed surfaces like sunshade, slabs, beams etc., near marine environment were studied by partial replacement of river sand which was used as fine aggregate by incorporating purified sea sand(S) as filler at various percentage of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 and carbonated coconut shell ash(CA) as a pozzolanic material at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. Finally the mortar properties were improved using Azadirachta Indica extract (U) at the percentage of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 in order to improve the durability, so as to minimize the corrosive effect of steel in RCC. The mechanical properties were investigated by compression test and flexural strength test and the durability characteristics were evaluated by the resistivity test of mortar. The results revealed that, the mechanical properties were decreased and the durability property was significantly improved while substituting sea sand and hence sea sand of 15% was considered for further quality enhancement. For further improvement by substituting CA of 1.5% revealed better results and Azadirachta Indica Extract of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2% gradually improved the mechanical property and 1% of extract considerably improved the durability property of CM. Significant improvement in the durability test results revealed that, there was high reduction in permeability and hence the corrosion of steel in RCC can also be reduced while coating with mortar. Keywords: Sea Sand, Carbonated Coconut Shell Ash, Azadirachta Indica. Title: Experimental Study on the Properties of Cement Mortar with Various Admixtures Author: G. Jein Jenish, P. Shakivel International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Concrete is the widely used construction material in civil engineering field. The demand and cost of cement is increasing day to day, so experts are looking for supplementary materials with the main objective of reducing solid waste disposal problem, by using waste as supplementary by maintaining the same properties or by enhancing the properties, by using selected materials. Fly ash which is a solid waste generated from thermal power station is used in partial replacement of cement in various proportions which is environmental friendly and also different fibers are also used to increase tensile strength and reduce cracks in the concrete. Concrete is the most vital material in the modern construction. Which has been in practice from olden days but concrete suffers from low tensile strength, limited ductility and little resistance to cracking. To overcome these weaknesses a new variety of concrete is desired. Therefore here is an experimental study proposing changes to the conventional concrete to increase fire resistance, increase crack resistance, increase ductility and flexural strength by partial replacement of fly ash to the cement and introducing fibers in the preparation of the concrete. Keywords: Fly ash, Fibers, Ductility, Solid waste disposal, tensile strength. Title: Experimental Study On Strength Properties Of Steel Fibers & Glass Fibers Using Fly Ash Based Concrete Author: CH. P. S. Sainadh, S.Bhanu Pravallika International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Due to the day by day innovations and developments in construction field, the global consumption of normal concrete is very high, which gives more self-weight to the structure. To reduce this self-weight lightweight concrete mixes are being adopted where weight saving is an important factor. Lightweight concrete is made by either omitting the fine aggregate from the mix (or) by replacing some (or) all the normal weight aggregate with light weight aggregate. Another way for making concrete light by inclusion of air. In this experimental study we are going to study the compressive, tensile and flexural strength, durability properties of lightweight concrete which is achieved by eliminating the fine aggregate content. No-Fines Concrete is a method of producing light weight concrete by omitting the fines from conventional concrete. Concrete manufacturing involve consumption of ingredients like cement, coarse aggregate, water, chemical admixtures like WRA/HRWR, mineral admixtures like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) etc. Coarse aggregate of size passing through 20mm and retained on 12.5mm is used. Using the above material lightweight aggregate concrete of M40 grade is being manufactured and tested against strength and durability properties. The Mix design is based on BIS method and the ingredients are batched on volumetric basis. Keywords: No-Fines Concrete, GGBS, fly ash, compressive, tensile and flexural strength, durability. Title: Strength and Permeability Properties of No-Fines, Light weight Concrete – An Experimental study Author: Ms. K. Prathyusha, Sri. K.Venkateswara Rao International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: With global warming suddenly emerging as a mainstream policy concern, businesses are finding that ‘sustainability’ is rapidly transforming from a fringe ‘feel-good’ issue into as exigent agenda item requiring focused, top-level action. The past year has seen companies across a wide range of industries virtually race to adopt and implement environmental policies, as market forces compelling action outpace regulatory requirements. And with standards of corporate accountability changing almost as rapidly, stakeholders and other constituencies are demanding that firm recognize and act on issues far removed from their core business lines including the environment. As a major user of natural resources, the real estate sector stands as a focus of global efforts to reduce the “carbon footprint” of economic activities. Here, too, the movement to green policies seems to have gained traction with startling speed, though in reality, the forces propelling the “greening” of real estate have been mounting for at least a decade. Some real estate practitioners have long advocated greener approaches to how and where property is developed and operated, but a new paradigm seems to have reached a critical mass of awareness and action just in the past year. Industry publications, conferences and popular press are suddenly filled with accounts of how developers can and are producing more environmentally-friendly “high performance” buildings. The near ubiquitous motto: “green is green” (i.e., environmentally-friendly policies can be profitable). While the residential green building market is rapidly growing and maturing, much remains to be understood about the dynamics of key market elements, the most likely buyer characteristics and preferences, and the most effective marketing and sales strategies. Through our research, we are trying to understand the prevalent green building investments in real estate and in developments for green buildings by finding the green in real estate, green building trends, factors driving green building investments, factors limiting green building investments, market opportunities, risks and strategic considerations. Keywords: Sustainability, carbon footprint, greening. Title: Green Investments In Indian Real Estate Author: Pooja Wagh, Prajakta Shete International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Many cities exist in seismically hazardous region. As relocation is neither desirable nor practical, these metropolises present the modern engineers with the challenge of creating safe and robustic structures which are capable of withstanding inevitable seismic events. Thus the engineer must evaluate seismic performance in dense, urban environments. In the analysis and design of multi-storey building it is generally assumed that underlying soil is perfectly rigid or bounded to the structure. This postulation leads to gross error in evaluation of overall response under dynamic loads. As a result the accuracy in assessing structural safely during earthquake cannot be accounted accurately. So investigation of energy transfer mechanism from soils to buildings during earthquake is vital for the design of earthquake resistant structures and for retrofitting existing structures. Hence the soil -structure interaction analysis of framed structures is the main focus of this study. The effects of soil-structure interaction are analyzed for typical multi- storey building resting on different soils. The analysis is carried out using a finite element method software package ANSYS under normal loads and seismic loads. Various load combinations are considered as per IS-1893 (part-1):2002 and the mass is assumed to be lumped at various discrete locations. The obtained results are compared with and without soil-structure interaction. Keywords: Soil-Structure Interaction, ANSYS, Framed Structure. Title: Seismic Behavior of RC Framed Residential Building Considering Soil Structure Interaction Author: D.VANEELA, A.H.L.SWAROOP, SK.YAJDANI International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The rising cost of construction material is a matter of concern. The reason for increase in cost is high demand of concrete and scarcity of raw material. Hence the concrete technologists must search for some economical alternative to the coarse aggregate. In this study, M20 grade of concrete was produced by replacing coarse aggregate by coconut shell aggregate of 12mm-10mm. Thirty six cubes were casted and their compressive strength and density evaluated at 7 & 28 days. The compressive strength of concrete reduced as the percentage replacement increased. Concrete produced by 0% 20% 30% 40% 50% and 60% replacement attained 7 days compressive strength of 20.89, 16.89, 16.00, 14.74, 10.67, 9.19, and 28 days 24.89, 19.85, 18.07, 16.37, 13.78, 12.74 respectively. These results showed that Coconut shell concrete can be used in reinforced concrete construction. Its utilization is cost effective and eco-friendly. Keywords: Coarse Aggregate, Coconut Shell, Compressive Strength, Density, Waste Utilization. Title: Comparative Study on Coconut Shell Aggregate Concrete with Conventional Concrete Author: Prof. S.J.Nagathan, Sarfraj Jahagirdar, Matiurrehman Mulla, Shruti Katti International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Bituminous mixes are most commonly used all over the world in flexible pavement construction. Traditionally aggregates, sand, bitumen etc. are used for pavement construction. Commonly quarry dust is used as filler material in pavement work. Quantity of these conventional materials is reducing gradually. Also, cost of extracting good quality of traditional material is increasing. Concerned about this, we are looking for alternative materials for pavement construction, and Industrial waste materials such as Foundry Sand are one such category. If these materials can be suitably utilized in pavement construction, the disposal and pollution problems may be reduced. These industrial wastes occupies large amount of space around plants throughout the country. Keeping in mind the need for bulk use of industrial wastes in India, it was thought an expedient to test these materials and develop specifications to enhance the use of these industrial wastes in pavement construction, from which higher economic returns may be possible. Various percentages (0, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, and 75%) of Foundry sand were used, and the proposed mix designs for bituminous concrete mix were conducted in accordance with Marshall Mix design. The experiment results revealed that the addition of Foundry Sand has a significant improvement on the properties of bituminous concrete mix. Keywords: Waste Foundry Sand (WFS), Bituminous concrete (BC), Marshall Stability and Indirect tensile strength. Title: Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Waste Foundry Sand in Flexible Pavements Author: Dr. Suji D, Poovendran S, Prabhakar P International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In the project, an existing building shall be analyzed for seismic condition for zonal classification as per IS 1893-2002(part-1) and IS 1893-1984(part-1). Based on the analysis the structure shall be classified for seismic qualification. Based on the seismic qualification, Retrofitting shall be done accordingly. Keywords: Seismic Qualification, Column Jacketing, Rehabilitation, Retrofitting, Strengthening, Structural repair. Tittle: Seismic Qualification and Retrofitting Of Existing Structures Author: K.Suruthi, P.Shakivel International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Sulphate attack or commonly known as acid attack is having adverse effects on conventional concrete. Granite powder concrete also faces the same problem. Sulphate attack reduces the compressive strength of concrete and thereby it affects its durability. In practice to avoid sulphate attack effect on conventional concrete generally use of sulphate resisting cement is preferred. With reference to literatures listed below, GGBS is a by-product from the blast furnaces used to make iron and possess binding properties as cement, we have replaced cement partially (15%,25%,35%of cement by weight) by GGBS and concrete specimens are casted for M30 grade conventional concrete and for granite powder concrete . Curing is done for 7days in normal condition and for acidic condition some specimens are cured for 7days & others is cured for 28 days, this helped us to distinguish the short term & long term effects of sulphate attack on GGBS granite powder concrete concrete Keywords: Sulphate Attack, granite powder Concrete, GGBS. Title: Experimental Study on Sulphate Attack in Granite Powder Concrete with GGBFS Author: Lejumol.T.U, Dr.D.Suji, Niranjani, M.Perarasan International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In flexible pavement construction, the bituminous mixes are most commonly used. It consists of bitumen (used as a binder) and mineral aggregate which are mixed together, laid down in layers. The performance of bituminous mixes is very poor under various situations. Considering this a lot of work has been done on the modification of bitumen. Steel slag is a co-product of the steel industry and can be used potentially as a sustainable construction material in bituminous mix with proper mix design. As natural aggregate sources are becoming depleted due to high demand in road construction and the amount of disposed waste material keeps increasing, researchers are exploring the use of alternative materials which could preserve natural sources and save the environment. This study evaluates the use of Steel Slag as a substitute for fine aggregates in the production of bituminous mix for road construction. Based on Intensive laboratory testing program, the characteristic properties of steel slag were assessed to determine its suitability to be used in bituminous mix. Four different percentages (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of steel slag aggregate were used, and the proposed mix designs for bituminous concrete mix were conducted in accordance with Marshall Mix design. The experiment results revealed that the addition of Steel slag has a significant improvement on the properties of bituminous concrete mix. An Increase in density and stability and a reduction in flow and air voids values were clearly observed in specimens prepared with (0, 25, 50, 75, 100) percentages. It is concluded that the steel slag can be considered reasonable alternative source of fine aggregate at 50 percentages for bituminous concrete mixture production. Keywords: Steel Slag, Bituminous concrete (BC), Marshall Properties and Indirect tensile strength. Title: Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Bituminous Paving Mixes Using Steel Slag Author: Dr. Suji D, Deepak R, Prabhakar P International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Concrete is the most important component used in the construction industry throughout the world, where the fine aggregate is generally natural sand. The demand for natural sand in the construction industry has consecutively increased which has resulted in the reduction of sources and an increase in price. In such a situation the quarry dust can be an economical alternative to the river sand. As the demand for more and more infrastructures is increasing day by day, the quantity of cement requirements is also increasing. Concrete with the use of waste marble powder as an alternate for cement Disposal of the marble powder material from the marble industry is one of the environmental problems worldwide today. The present study is aimed at utilizing Waste marble powder and quarry dust as partial replacement of cement and fine aggregate in concrete and comparing it with conventional concrete. The quarry dust in place of sand is replaced with 25% and waste marble powder in place of cement is replaced partially with various percentages (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15%). This paper presents the results of study undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using quarry dust and waste marble powder in concrete. It is found that the studies of concrete made of quarry rock dust and waste marble powder increases at 12.5%. Therefore the quarry dust and waste marble powder should be used in construction works, then the cost of construction would be saved significantly and the natural resources would be used efficiently. Keywords: Marble powder, Quarry dust, Compressive strength, Split tensile strength, Flexural strength. Title: Experimental Study on Concrete Using Waste Marble Powder and Quarry Dust as Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregate Author: Dr. Suji D, Krishnakumar S, Perarasan M, Niranjani E International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Black cotton soils have posed challenges and difficulties in the construction activities because of their shrink and swell behaviour. These soils are not suit for construction activities due to low strength on wetting to overcome this improvement of soil can be done by stabilization. Therefore, it is necessary to properly choose the stabilizer for the economics of the process and considering environmental aspects. Rice Husk Ash is an Agricultural Industrial Waste produced by burning of Rice Husk a residue of milling of paddy. In India it is found abundantly and is a pozzolanic material that could be potentially used in various geotechnical aspects. In this paper different percentage of RHA and lime mixes were added to the soil and tests like plasticity, swell potential, permeability and UCS were performed. From the test results it is identified that addition of lime decreases plasticity and improves strength characteristics. Addition of RHA+ lime makes the expansive soil non-plastic, non-swelling and leading attain high strengths. Keywords: UCS, Black cotton soil, Lime, Rice husk ash. Tittle: Application of RHA and Lime in Improving Strength Swelling Characteristics of Black Cotton Soil Author: Surya Mani Kantha.A, Satyanarayana.P.V.V, Vamsi Nagaraju.T, Rama Devi.B International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The usefulness of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) in various civil engineering applications in indisputable.FRC has so far been successfully used in construction of structure like slab on grade, bridge, industrial structure and many other applications. In this work partially replacement of pumice light weight aggregate is carried out. The light weight materials such as light weight aggregate concrete can increase economic efficiency by reducing the self weight and dimensions of the structure. In this work the polypropylene fibers are added with concrete with different ratio ( 0.5 % ,1% , 1.5% , 2% ) to identify the splitting tensile strength of concrete , compressive strength, flexural strength, toughness and ductility behavior of concrete. Keywords: polypropylene fibers, splitting tensile strength of concrete, compressive strength, Flexural strength. Title: INFLUENCE OF FIBRE REINFORCEMENT ON STRENGTH AND TOUGHNESS OF LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE Author: V.Mohana, Dr.D.Suji, E.Niranjani International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This project presents an experimental study on the properties and behavior of concrete containing ceramic wastes. A large bulk of ceramic tile change into wastage, these waste materials are not reusable and recyclable due to the physical and chemical structure. The problem arising from continuous technological and industrial development is the disposal of waste material. Use of ceramic waste will ensure an effective measure in maintaining environment and improving properties of concrete. The replacement of aggregates in concrete by ceramic wastes will have major environmental benefits. In ceramic industry about 30% production goes as waste. The ceramic waste aggregate concrete shows good resistance to the chemical attack such as sulphate attack and chloride attack. The ceramic waste aggregate is hard and durable material than the conventional coarse aggregate. It has good thermal resistance. The durability properties of ceramic waste aggregate are also good. In this research studied the fine aggregate replaced by ceramic tiles fine aggregate accordingly in the range of 10% and coarse aggregate accordingly in the range of 30%, 60%,100% by weight of M-30 grade concrete. .Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of strength to the conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for 7, 28 days this paper recommends that waste ceramic tiles can be used as an alternate construction material to coarse and fine aggregate in concrete. Keywords: Ceramic tiles, workability, split tensile strength of concrete, compressive strength. Title: Studies on Strength Characteristics on Utilization of Waste Ceramic Tiles as Aggregate in Concrete Author: P.Rajalakshmi, Dr.D.Suji, M. Perarasan, E.Niranjani International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals