Vol 12 Issue 2 October 2024-March 2025

Abstract: This research explores the transformative role of smart materials in engineering, focusing on their integration into smart structures to enhance infrastructure resilience, sustainability, and efficiency. Unlike traditional materials, smart materials respond to environmental stimuli—such as temperature, pressure, or electric fields—enabling self-healing, adaptive behavior, and energy optimization. Key types, including piezoelectric, shape-memory alloys, electrochromic, thermochromic, and magnetostrictive materials, are examined for their unique capabilities and applications. Smart structures utilizing these materials exhibit advanced functionalities, from self-repairing concrete to energyharvesting systems, offering significant benefits in sustainability, cost-efficiency, and resilience against environmental stresses. However, challenges such as high initial costs, durability concerns, and integration barriers persist. This study highlights the current limitations and future directions for smart materials, aiming to foster more sustainable, adaptive, and long-lasting infrastructure solutions in the evolving landscape of civil engineering.

Keywords: smart materials, smart structures, smart materials, civil engineering.

Title: Smart Materials and Smart Structures: Transforming Engineering and Infrastructure

Author: MESHAL ALBZAIE

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 42-47

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 12-November-2024

Abstract: Coagulation and flocculation are used in wastewater treatment to control the produced waste. Chemical coagulants have limited success in wastewater treatment because of their deficiency of consistency in meeting discharge requirements, high costs, handling, and disposal of huge volumes of sludge resulting from the increase of chemicals, and multiple operating problems. Instead of chemical coagulants, the natural ones can also be successfully used. Samples of wastewater were collected from the effluent of the grit removal chamber at the Belkas wastewater treatment plant, which is located in Egypt to study the enhancement of the performance of primary sedimentation. Experiments were conducted at various doses of Moringa Oleifera Seeds Powder (MOSP), Banana Peel Powder (BPP) and Mango Seeds Powder (MSP) using jar test equipment. Wastewater quality parameters were measured before and after treatment to evaluate the removal efficiency of turbidity, TSS, BOD₅, and COD. Using response surface methodology (RSM) to analyze the results of removal efficiency. Results showed that optimum operating conditions for (MOSP) at 720 mg/l and 45 min of sedimentation increased the removal efficiency of turbidity, TSS, BOD₅ and COD to 97.1 %, 99.3%, 94.67%, and 85.1% respectively. However, the optimum operating conditions for (MSP) at 480 mg/l and 45 min of sedimentation increased the removal efficiency of turbidity, TSS, BOD₅, and COD to 73.55 %, 62.57%, 59.87%, and 51.52% respectively. The optimum operating conditions for (BPP) at 105 mg/l and 45 min of sedimentation increased the removal efficiency of turbidity, TSS, BOD₅, and COD to 66.98 %, 57.93%, 58.76%, and 44.09% respectively. The removal efficiency will be reduced due to using doses of natural coagulants that exceed the optimum dose of each coagulant.

Keywords: Banana Peel, Mango Seeds, Moringa, Natural Coagulants, Primary Sedimentation, Wastewater.

Title: Enhancement of Primary Sedimentation Using Natural Coagulants in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Author: H. M. Hussein, Sohier Mansour, Samy Tharwat, Mina Danial

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 31-41

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 05-November-2024

Abstract: In this paper, based on Jumarie type of Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional integral, we find the exact solutions of two matrix fractional integrals. Differentiation under fractional integral sign and a new multiplication of fractional analytic functions play important roles in this article. In fact, our results are generalizations of classical calculus results. 

Keywords: Jumarie type of R-L fractional integral, matrix fractional integrals, differentiation under fractional integral sign, new multiplication, fractional analytic functions.

Title: Study of Two Matrix Fractional Integrals by Using Differentiation under Fractional Integral Sign

Author: Chii-Huei Yu

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 24-30

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 05-November-2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039724

Paper Download Link (Source)

https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/study-of-two-matrix-fractional-integrals-by-using-differentiation-under-fractional-integral-sign

Abstract: Soil is the fundamental element on which the engineering design of structures depends. Soil plays a vital role in supporting foundations and various structures. Loose soil faces major challenges in the field of civil engineering, as it affects the stability and safety of structures. In areas that suffer from harsh weather conditions or earthquakes, loose soil can lead to serious problems, such as landslides and collapses. Therefore, finding effective solutions to treat loose soil has become an urgent necessity. This research aims to explore the different methods and techniques for treating and repairing loose soil, by providing comprehensive information about the available methods, explaining the causes that lead to soil loosening, and analyzing the impact of this phenomenon on engineering projects.

Keywords: fundamental element, engineering design, various structures, civil engineering.

Title: Treatment and Repair of Loose Soil

Author: Eng. Meshal Albzaie

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 20-23

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 26-October-2024

Abstract: In this paper, based on Jumarie type of Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional calculus, we find the exact solutions of two fractional integrals. Integration by parts for fractional calculus and a new multiplication of fractional analytic functions play important roles in this article. In fact, our results are generalizations of classical calculus results. 

Keywords: Jumarie type of R-L fractional calculus, fractional integrals, integration by parts for fractional calculus, new multiplication, fractional analytic functions.

Title: A Study of Two Fractional Integral Problems Based on Jumarie Type of Riemann-Liouville Fractional Calculus

Author: Chii-Huei Yu

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 15-19

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 23-October-2024

Abstract: The management and operation of water reservoirs particularly in regions susceptible to climate change and inadequate resource utilization requires careful consideration. This research focuses on the Alau dam situated in Northern Nigeria, a critical water source for the region. Despite its significance, the dam's performance faces challenges such as sedimentation, flooding, and insufficient adaptation to climate change. This study investigates the current state of management and operations at the Alau dam's reservoir emphasizing the frequency, challenges, and existing strategies. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including interviews, field observations, and analysis of water quality and water level, and aerial imagery. The study investigates the impact of these factors on the dam’s capacity, functionality, and structural integrity. Over time, sediment deposition has substantially reduced the reservoir’s effective storage capacity, leading to a misleading increase in surface area without corresponding water volume, thereby heightening the risk of overtopping and structural failure. Additionally, delayed and inflexible water release practices have exacerbated downstream flooding, while placing excessive hydraulic pressure on the dam's infrastructure, particularly the earthen embankments. The absence of a sediment management plan, coupled with inadequate maintenance, has further compromised the dam’s operational effectiveness and increased the likelihood of catastrophic failure. This study highlights the need for a shift toward adaptive management practices, including sediment removal, regular maintenance, real-time monitoring, and the incorporation of environmental flows. Recommendations include the implementation of a data-driven water release policy, infrastructure upgrades, secondary storage systems, and enhanced stakeholder engagement. These measures are critical for reducing flood risks, preserving downstream ecosystems, and ensuring the long-term sustainability and safety of the Alau Dam.

Keywords: Alau dam, reservoir management and operations, sustainable management, climate change, environmental concerns.

Title: Navigating the Depths: An Assessment of the Management and Operations of Alau Dam Reservoir

Author: Mala Babagana Gutti, Jibril Alhaji Yunusa, Umar Busuma, Sadiq Abdullahi Wazir

International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research  

ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)

Vol. 12, Issue 2, October 2024 - March 2025

Page No: 1-14

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 08-October-2024