Vol 3 Issue 1 January 2015-March 2015

Abstract: With recent advances in wireless technologies and mobile devices, mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have become popular as a key communication technology in military tactical environments. The distinctive features of MANETs such as open wireless transmission medium, nomadic and distributed nature make it vulnerable to many security attacks. In this paper we propose a unified trust management scheme that enhances the security in MANETs. In the proposed trust management scheme, the trust model has two components: trust from direct observation and trust from indirect observation. With direct observation, the trust value of an observed node is derived directly by the observer node based on the opinion of observer node alone . On the other hand, with indirect observation, also called second hand information, the trust value of an observed node is obtained from neighbour nodes of the observer node. Combining these two components in the trust model, we can obtain more accurate trust values of the observed nodes in MANETs. We then evaluate our scheme under the scenario of MANET routing. Extensive simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Specifically, throughput and packet delivery ratio can be improved significantly with slightly increased average end-to-end delay and overhead of messages.

Keywords:  MANETs, Security, Trust Management, Uncertain Reasoning.

Title: An Unified Trust Management Scheme for Enhancement Of Security In MANETs

Author: Bharathchandar, M., Vigneshwaran, S., Vishal, R., Vishalraj, M., Mrs. Nithya, D

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The “Generalized Theory of the Instantaneous Reactive Power in Three-Phase Circuits”, proposed by Akagi and also known as the p-q theory, is an interesting tool to apply to the control of active power filters to analyze three-phase power systems in order to detect problems related to harmonics, reactive power and unbalance of the load. Due to the intensive use of power converters and other non-linear loads in industry and by consumers in general, it can be observed an increasing deterioration of the power systems voltage and current waveforms. To overcome all these problems and to improve power quality, Akagi was introduced   p-q theory in 1983.In which, the unwanted reactive power is generated which causes bad effects in power systems are reduced by using  shunt active power filter compensation technique. In this technique by using compensator, we are injecting the reactive power which opposes the unwanted reactive power.  The quantity of reactive power is determined by using p-q theory.

Keywords: Power quality, Harmonics, PI controller, Active Filter, Non-Linear, Load, IGBT, Diode, Instantaneous power Theory.

Title: Power Quality Improvement of Non-Linear Load by Using Instantaneous P-Q Theory

Author: R.V.L. Narayana Divakar, P.Kishore, CH.Ravi Kumar, V.Madhu Kishore, V.Pradeep Kumar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The image excellence and resolution of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) functioning in tapping method is reliant on the quality (Q) factor of the detecting microcantilever. Decreasing the cantilever quality (Q) factor in the atomic force microscope (AFM), when functioning in tapping method permits for an increase in imaging speed. Though, this system uses a passive electrical impedance to modify the mechanical dynamics of the cantilever, which limits the amount of Q factor reduction possible. This paper describes that additional decrease in the cantilever Q factor may be found with the use of an active impedance in the piezoelectric shunt control method. The active impedance factors are considered in such a way that the piezoelectric shunt controller imitates a positive position feedback controller in a displacement feedback control loop. A significant decrease in cantilever Q factor is achieved using an active impedance compared with that realized with a passive impedance.

Keywords:  Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), micro cantilever, piezoelectric shunts control, tapping mode, Positive Position Feedback.

Title: Active Q Control of an AFM Micro Cantilever Using PPF Controller

Author:  Asha, Taranath H B

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: “SMART ROTA CATHEDRA” Is the Latin Name for smart wheelchair. “Rota” Means “Wheel” and “Cathedra” means “chair”. A device and a method for controlling the movements of a smart motorized wheel-chair with different methods are disclosed in this innovation. User can operate wheeled-chair very easily with the four different methods. This smart-wheelchair can be controlled by Touchpad, Smartphone, Hand movement and Push buttons. The user can control the direction of the wheelchair while moving simply by a small movement of the finger on the touchpad. Smart Wheelchair movement can also be controlled by accelerometer present in most Smart phones and Bluetooth wireless technology enabling users to move their wheelchairs by just tilting their Smartphone. By using the flex sensors the movement will be detected  and  the  controller will  process  the  signal  and  will  transmit  to  the wheel chair for  its navigation. And has also a provision for push button for simpler and easy movement. This Smart Wheelchair makes use of a motor driver for driving the motors attached to the wheel chair for the movement of wheel chair and Micro controller.

Keywords: “SMART ROTA CATHEDRA”, Touchpad, Flex sensors, Smartphone, Push Buttons.

Title: SMART ROTA CATHEDRA

Author: Divyani Advani, Lavit Anshani, Kinjal Shah, Tarun Tariyal

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper presents a detail structure for a three phase Four-wire (3P4W) distribution system using unified Power quality conditioner (UPQC). The 3P4W system is realized from a three-phase 3-wire system. The neutral of series transformer used in the fourth wire for the 3P4W system. The neutral current that may flow toward transformer neutral point is compensated by using a four-leg voltage source inverter topology for shunt part. The series transformer neutral will be at virtual zero potential (Vn=0v) during all operating conditions. The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) device combines a shunt active filter together with a series active filter in a back-to-back configuration, to simultaneously compensate the supply voltage and the load current. A new control strategy (unit vector template) to balance the unbalanced load currents and also presented in this paper. The control strategies are modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The performance is also observed under influence of utility side disturbances.

Keywords: Active power filter (APF), four-leg voltage-source inverter (VSI) structure, three-phase four-wire (3P4W) system, p-q theory, unified power quality conditioner (UPQC).

Title: Modeling and Simulation of Three Phases 4-Wire Distribution System Utilizing Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)

Author: B.V.S.Acharyulu, P.Ganesh, K.Harish, Ch.Suresh, V.V.Ajaykumar Patnaik

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract:  This paper suggests a new method that consists of grid interface inverter in three phase four wire distribution systems that is capable of simultaneously compensating problems like current unbalance, load voltage harmonics and load reactive power demand. This inverter is also used as power converter to inject power to the grid. With such a control, the combination of grid interfacing inverter and three phase four wire linear/nonlinear unbalanced load at a point of common coupling appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/SIMULINK SIMULATION STUDIES.

Keywords: Grid, interfacing inverter, power quality.

Title: A Control Approach for Grid Connected Inverter in Distribution System with Improvement of Power Quality

Author: B.V.S.ACHARYULU, SURESH KUMAR.V, MOHAN RAO.K, DEEPAK.G, NASHEER.S.F

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract:  In this paper we presented the quality of Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) reduction using  two methods – discrete cosine transform and Discrete sine transform. These methods are applied on Karhunen –Loeve (KL) Transformed images which are applied with different trigonometric transforms, using software MATLAB. The quality of the compressed image is determined by values of (PSNR) peak signal to noise ratio. The values are presented in appropriate diagrams. Based on the obtained data, we compared the quality of signal by computing the complementary cumulative distribution function(CCDF).It was found that using the trigonometric transforms gives better results as compared with simple coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing of signal. The work presented in this paper explains as to, how the quality of the signal varies with the trigonometric transforms which is applied on the grayscale test image.

Keywords: KL Transform, AWGN, Complementary cumulative distribution function, Peak signal to noise ratio, OFDM, Wavelets.

Title: Transmission of Images via Trigonometric Transforms

Author: Kavita Sogale, Dr.D.J.Pete

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this paper, the target is considered as human, we propose a multiframe marked shape model based human detection and tracking. Geometric features are measured through principle component analysis features are reduced to half of its ratio and finally a realtime decision making system detects human and by representing region of interest through bounding box followed by tracking in order to speed up the process. Optical tracking method is used for tracking purpose. To shrink or expand the bounding box as required, the aforementioned sample rectangles generated during the tracking process and their associated confidence ratings which indicate the likelihood of a rectangle containing the region of interest Finally our proposed method, shape based target detection algorithm successfully tracking a human target walking across the view of the camera.

Keywords: human detection, tracking, realtime, shape characteristic recognition.

Title: Target Detection and Tracking in Real Time with Multi frame Marked Point Process Model

Author: N. Mohanambigai, M. Arul pugazhendhi

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper deals with speed control of separately excited DC motor control in a high performance manner. There are four different parts of control of DC motors used in this project . Using chopper as a converter the speed of DC motor is controllable. The chopper firing circuit gets signal from controller and then by supplying variable voltage to the armature of the motor the desired speed chopper is achieved. There are two different types of control loops, current controller and speed controller. The controller used is Proportional-Integral type. Using this controller the delay is removed and fast control is achieved. Separately excited DC motor is designed . The current and speed controller is designed and in order to get stable and high speed control of DC motor. The simulation of model is done and analyzed in MATLAB (Simulink) under varying speed and torque condition.

Keywords: chopper circuit, DC motors, open and closed loops, MATLAB (SIMULINK).

Title: Speed Control of D.C. MOTOR Using Chopper

Author: VARUN ROHIT VADAPALLI, HEMANTH KUMAR KELLA, T.RAVI SEKHAR, Y.DAVID SAMSON, N.AVINASH

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper presents the potential applications of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controllers, such as the static VAR compensator (SVC), using the latest technology of power electronic switching devices in the fields of electric power transmission systems with controlling the voltage and power flow, and improving the voltage regulation. The SVC can be used to control the voltage level at a specific bus with the possibility of adding additional damping control. These can effectively dampening oscillations in the power system such as sub synchronous resonances (SSR), inter-area oscillations and power oscillations. A SVC performs such system improvements and benefits by controlling shunt reactive power sources, both capacitive and inductive, with high tech power electronic switching devices. This work is presented to solve the problems of poor dynamic performance and voltage regulation in an 115KV and 230KV transmission system using SVC.

Keywords:  Static VAR compensator (SVC), thyristor controlled reactor (TCR), automatic voltage regulator (AVR), voltage regulation, Simulink.                                                                                      

Title: Modeling and Simulation of Static VAR Compensator Controller for Improvement of Voltage Level in Transmission Lines

Author: B.T.RAMAKRISHNA RAO, N.GAYATRI, P.BALAJI, K.SINDHU

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In general, maintaining and the operation of sensitive loads is difficult but power electronics and advanced control systems made it possible for solving the power quality problems. The most severe power quality problems which affect the sensitive loads are sag, swells and harmonics. For the mitigation of these disturbances the best suitable method is Series compensation .Due to presence of non liner loads which causes harmonics in the network Series compensator not only mitigates sag but also harmonics in the system. The series compensator plays an important role which avoids the sag and reduces the harmonics. The main components of series compensator are Energy Storage System (ESS) ,Voltage Source Inverter (VSI),Injection Transformer .ESS act as energy system which injects voltage into system through injection transformer during sag which regulates voltage to appropriate level . By implanting this way, terminal voltage maintained at constant level and sensitive loads are protected. The series compensator is designed in MATLAB SIMULINK work space. The proposed series compensator results were shown thus improved the power quality of an isolated power system. This method gives the effective solution than conventional methods.

Keywords: Sensitive loads, Power quality, Harmonics, voltage Sag, ESS (Energy Storage System), VSI (Voltage Source Inverter), Injection Transformer.

Title: Modeling of Series Compensator for Enhancement of Power Quality in an Isolated Power System

Author: B.T. Ramakrishna Rao, P. Raghunath, S.Ravikishore, Y. Janardhana, G. Nagabhushanam

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper proposes remote-controllable and energy-saving room architecture to reduce power consumption. To realize the proposed room architecture, we proposed and designed the automatic power cut-off outlet and a RF communication. The proposed power outlet monitors the power consumption for the predetermined time and completely cuts off the power supply when the monitored power is below the threshold value. This power outlet has a function of changing the threshold power, which enables any kinds of home appliances to be applied to the power outlet. To efficiently manage the power outlets and the lights, we proposed the RF communication module. Also if the meter is tampered then admin sends message to cut the supply of that particular meter.

Keywords:  Microcontroller LPC2148, RF Module, Power consumption, Theft detection.

Title: Automated Energy Consumption Reduction and Power Saving By Using RF Communication

Author: Sujata Thorat, Shreetej Shilamkar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this paper, we are developing a new approach towards video watermarking which resulting better robustness, data security and higher embedding capacity. We propose an imperceptible and robust video watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and principal component analysis (PCA).DWT is more computationally efiicient than other transform methods like DFT and DCT. Due to its excellent spatio-frequency localization properties, the DWT is very suitable to identify areas in the host video frame where a watermark can be embedded imperceptible. It is known that even after the decomposition of the video frame using the wavelet transformation there exist some amount of correlation between the wavelet coefficients. PCA is basically used to hybridize the algorithm as it has the inherent property of removing the correlation amongst the data i.e. the wavelet coefficients and it helps in distributing the watermark bits over the sub-band used for embedding thus resulting in robust watermarking scheme that is resistant to almost all possible attacks. The watermark is embedded into the luminance component of the extracted frame as it is less sensitive to the human visual system.

Keywords: Digital video; binary watermark; Discrete Wavelet Transform; Principal Component Analysis.

Title: Invisible Video Watermarking For Secure Transmission Using DWT and PCA

Author: Sneha smita Sahoo, Supriya Sonone, Priyanka Yeole, Prof. S.T. Khot

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The DC motor is an attractive piece of equipment in many industrial applications requiring variable speed and load characteristics due to its ease of controllability. The “Chopper drive” based speed controlling method is superior in comparison to “Thyristor Controlled Bridge Rectifier” method as far as DC motor speed controlling is concerned. Microcontroller based controlling is adopted to retain simplicity & ease of implementation. This paper is written with the objective of illustrating how the speed of a DC motor can be controlled using a chopper drive. It further explains the methodology used in obtaining the required signal generation to drive the chopper. An Open-loop Control System adopted brings the motor to the speed set by the user irrespective of the load. This drive also providing functions like Start, Stop, Forward braking, reverse braking, increased and decreased speed of motor.

Keyword: Chopper, DC motor, Microcontroller 8051, MOSFET

Title: Chopper Based Speed Control of Dc Motor

Author: Krunal Shah, Vidhi Shah, Deepak Mistry

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to design, develop the “PLC Based Liquid filling and Mixing”. This work will provide low operational cost, low power consumption, accuracy and flexibility to the system and at the same time it will provide accurate volume of liquid in bottle by saving operational time. In this work, a prototype has been designed. The system sequence of operation is being designed by ladder diagram.

Keywords: PLC, Proximity Sensor, Solenoid Valves, DC Motors.

Title: PLC Based Liquid Filling and Mixing

Author: Mihir Panchal, Aashish Panaskar, Prof. Lalit Kumar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals