Vol 4 Issue 3 July 2016-September 2016

Abstract: The gradual shift of attention from the conventional well completion to smart well completion has triggered the call for information concerning smart wells operations and methods for evaluating the performance of smart wells. In this paper, an integrated model was reviewed and used to calculate the dimensionless oil flow rate and bottomhole flowing pressures variables. Oil production data from a commingled smart well were simulated on a FASTWELL software and their plotted IPR results analysed to study; the oil inflow rate for a single phase flow, oil inflow rate for a multiple phase flow, Absolute Open flow (AOF), the effect of water and gas on oil inflow rate and the effect of anticipated formation damage. The results obtained show that the actual oil inflow rate is 4,800 bbl/d for 8USIG while the other two commingled reservoirs follow the same trend. The actual oil absolute open flows (AOF) are 4,575.1 bbl/d, 7,670.4 bbl/d and 6,528.6 bbl/d for 7USIG, 8USIG and 9USIG respectively. Comparing these AOF values to the total AOF mostly used for decision in well performance, it is evidence that the total AOF contributes errors to well performance decisions as investigated. The oil inflow rate for smart well is 20,500 bbl/d, while the total inflow rate of producing zones under conventional completion assumption gives 19,000 bbl/d. The three producing reservoirs show a significant increase in the AOF for oil in the absence of gas and water in the oil inflow stream. The approach used here provides a quick insight for early isolation of the errors contributed by gas and water in the analysis of oil inflow performance relationship (IPR) curves. Keywords: Smart Well, Commingled Well, Absolute Open Flow, Inflow Performance Relationship, Operating Point, Integrated reviewed Model and FASTWELL Software. Title: ANALYSIS OF SMART OIL WELLS INFLOW PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP CURVES Author: Udoaka Mfon Godwill, Dulu Appah International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Li-Fi stands for Light-Fidelity. Li-Fi technology, proposed by the German physicist-Harald Haas, provides transmission of data through illumination by sending data through an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can follow. This paper focuses on developing a Li-Fi based system and analyzes its performance with respect to existing technology. Wi-Fi is great for general wireless coverage within buildings, whereas Li-Fi is ideal for high density wireless data coverage in confined area and for relieving radio interference issues. Li-Fi provides better bandwidth, efficiency, availability and security than Wi-Fi and has already achieved blisteringly high speed in the lab. By leveraging the low-cost nature of LEDs and lighting units there are many opportunities to exploit this medium, from public internet access through street lamps to auto-piloted cars that communicate through their headlights. Haas envisions a future where data for laptops, smart phones, and tablets will be transmitted through the light in a room. Keywords: Li-Fi,Wi-Fi, high-brightness LED, photodiode, wireless communication. Title: LI-FI TECHNOLOGY – A PANAROMIC OUTLOOK & MODEL DEVISED Author: T.L.K.SNEHAPIRIYA International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: A sustainable energy development system that is based on renewable biomass feedstock, an effort on the global scale is now yielding good result. The pilot, demonstration and commercialization of flagship projects on cellulosic biofuel production are on in almost every continent of the world. Despite the technical barriers on the road to the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, the cellulose bioethanol which was once regarded as the fuel of the future has been moved from promise to reality. Advancement of new and promising technologies to utilize cellulosic resource either through the thermochemical processes that uses heat, pressure and catalysts to produce fuel or through biological processes that uses micro organism to reduce cellulosic material to sugar and then ferment to the desired biofuel product. Now with large investment placements by both governments and the private sectors backed up by sound national energy policies, commercialization and large scale capacity utilization are gradually becoming a realized objective. Bioenergy is now renewable and sustainable without the negative impact on food security. This paper will attempt to review recent updates on lignocellulosic biomass derived biofuels commercialization including the key technical barriers to the commercialization process. This review also presents a survey of some selected commercialized lignocellulosic plants with respect to plant location, statues, technology type, feedstock, products, pretreatment methods etc. Keywords: Biomass; Biorefinery; Conversion Technologies; Fossil fuel, Pretreatment; Green House Gasses. Title: BIOPRODUCTS ROUTE TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY – THE JOURNEY SO FAR Author: Okoh Elechi, Oruabena Bernard International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Hypersonic Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator or HIAD is a simple re-entry vehicle designed by NASA. The vehicle happens to be the first of its kind as it inflates after reaching a certain height, making it more feasible to increase payload and ease deceleration. There have been three IRVE (Inflatable Re-entry Vehicle Experiments) designs that have been launched to the tip of the stratosphere to test this new concept out. As this concept is going to be applied in hypersonic speeds, the stresses, heat and pressure on it will be very high. Here, a structural, thermal and thermo structural analysis using different software over the nose of the structure has been performed to try and understand its behaviour at such high speeds and temperatures. Keywords: Re-entry Vehicle, Hypersonic Speed, Hypersonic Inflatable Aerodynamic Vehicle (HIAD), Structural Analysis, Thermal Analysis, Kevlar, Kapton. Title: Structural and Thermal Analysis On A Re-entry Vehicle Aeroshell Author: Sai Nandyala, Sneha Srinivasan, Sonali Ravikumar International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Pollution is usually brought about by the addition of waste product of human activity to the environment. When the waste product are not efficiently assimilated, decomposed or otherwise removed by the natural, biological and physical process of the biosphere. When chemicals are released into environment and disrupt the balance of our ecosystems, threatening our health, polluting the air and contaminating our food. Pollution is when certain compounds are left or disposed of in the environment. The chemicals disrupt the processes of the ecosystem. This causes the biological elements to be killed or harmed. This causes a chemical or a toxic substance. Some toxic chemicals are acetone cyanohydrin, carbon disulphide, cresols, naphthalene and tetraethyl lead, acrylonitrile, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride and phenol, benzene, styrene, toluene and xylene, acetone and phosphoric acid. Keywords: Acid rain, Fertilizer, Ecosystem, Organic chemical, chemical pollution. Title: Excessive Released Chemical Pollutants in the Environment and Their Toxic Impact on Our Society Author: SEEMA AGRAWAL International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper examined the variability which occurs in key parameters like pH, temperature, moisture content, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, odour, color etc. during the 30 days regular monitoring of composting process. 5 kg of municipal solid waste, old compost, straw and soil, was mixed with 5%, 10%, 15% of gomutra of 3 kg municipal solid waste for composting. Composting was done by using 16th buckets model composter made up with proper aeration and drainage facility and was kept in semi sun rays condition. pH ranging 7.6 to 8.9 in the first phase, Temperature rise from the first day of process and become 55°C on 18 day. Moisture content in compost was unstable throughout the process due to changing microbial population. The NPK content of final compost are find out .After finding the results of NPK obtained from composting treatment given to MSW and Gomutra are indicate that combined composting are an attractive method for management of municipal solid waste. Keyword: Municipal solid waste, Gomutra, Composting, Key parameters. Title: Waste Stabilization and Treatment of MSW by using Gomutra Author: Debashree Majumder International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews ISSN 2348-697X (Online) Research Publish Journals