Vol 5 Issue 1 April 2017-September 2017

Abstract: The main propose of this study was to evaluate the oral health awareness and knowledge of hygiene practices and attitude among population of Hail region in north part of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia toward the general oral health. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among Hail region population in Saudi Arabia. A 16 multiple-choice questionnaire was provided online to patients attending dental clinics in Hail region, KSA. A total of 400 individuals participated in the study of which 27.2% were males and 73.8% were females. The results of our research provide essential info about oral health-related knowledge, attitude and methods among population sample of Hail, KSA. The information provided in this research contributes to our understanding of the common dental hygiene practices which are executed among population. Understanding of the oral healthcare expert’s in the area they are practicing. Hence we advise that oral health awareness should be enhanced among dental populace.

Keywords: oral health awareness, Hail region population, cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

Title: An Evaluation of the Current Oral Hygiene Practices and Attitude toward Oral Health in the Population of HAIL, KSA

Author: Abdullah Faraj Alshammari, Reem Abdullah Albunayyan, Majedah Farraj Almeshhin, Asayil Saad Alshammari, Hatem Doghim Alshammari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences  

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of extended lymph node dissection in patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgical treatment for GC. The present review was also to evaluate the outcomes of lymphadenectomy in GC patients. We performed comprehensive search including; reviews, RCT, systematic reviews, and case reports using electronic databases such; CENTRAL, MEDLINE and Embase. We restricted our search to only English articles discussing the roles of lymph nodes resection during gastrectomy in case of gastric cancer that published up to April, 2017 with only human subject included.  The results of this evaluation showed that D2 as well as D3 lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer could not demonstrate advantages in postoperative survival. Additionally, D3 lymphadenectomy could increase the risk of operative or postoperative problems. Nevertheless, the findings of this research could motivate the clinical area to re-think the inquiry of lymphadenectomy degree and also to perform a brand-new well-designed trial for gastric cancer surgical treatment. Less substantial lymphadenectomies likewise most likely result in increased loco-regional reappearance, and also could impact choices pertaining to adjuvant chemotherapy versus chemoradiation. In regards to overall survival, the impacts of even more considerable lymphadenectomy are tough to determine. In order to improve end results, the choice in between D1 versus D2 lymph node dissection need to be personalized after factor to consider of patient features, tumor phase as well as surgical experience, particularly since tummy cancers cells are now usually thoroughly treated by a multimodal technique consisting of perioperative radiation treatment or chemo-radiation.

Keywords: Lymphadenectomy, gastric cancer, surgical treatment.

Title: Roles of Lymphadenectomy in Gastric Cancer Surgery: Overview

Author: Naif Jazaa Aljohani, Yazeed Khaled A Binmahfouz, Ibrahim Abbas M Tai, Shaher Shakir Abdulrahim, Abdulrahman Mohammed Hamza

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The main objective of this review was to highlight the different prevention strategies that used by different health organization or countries to control the infection of Clostridium difficile, and the protocols used in these strategies, also to discuss and summarize the effective of these strategies in reducing the spread of this infectious disease. Comprehensive search method was conducted using several electronic databases including; Medline/PubMed, and Embase, for relevant articles concerning the prevention strategies toward Clostridium difficile which were published up to June, 2017.  Effective prevention of CDI requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes leaders in hospital administration, clinicians, the infection control department, pharmacy, and the clinical laboratory, as well as environmental services. Hand hygiene is an important component of most hospital infection control and prevention programs. Hospitalists, as front-line caregivers, physician leaders in their hospitals, and coordinators of patient care, can play a key role in these regards. Care when deciding when and which antimicrobial to use to treat non-CDI infections; being attuned to symptoms that may be due to CDI, and prompt diagnosis and treatment of CDI; adhering to infection control policies; awareness of cleaning practices; and also being an active member of the infection control committee are all ways that hospitalists may take active roles in preventing CDI.

Keywords: Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI), electronic databases including.

Title: Prevention Strategies of Clostridium Difficile Infection, Review

Author: Maram Mohammed Alshahrani, Eman Mohammed A Alshahrani, Bashair Mufleh Abdullah Alqahtani, Zahra Hashel H Alqarni, Fatimah Ali Dhafer Alshehri, Alyaa Mohammed A Albishi, Noof Dagash H. Alshamrani, Maryam Mohammed A Asiri

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Objectives of this narrative review was to highlights the most important effects of pregnancy on the properties of vaginal wall, in term of pelvic floor and other conditions that may occur during pregnancy. This narrative review was performed using electronic medical databases; PubMed, Embase, and Google scholar, searched was targeting relevant studies concerned with effects of pregnancy on the wall of vagina published up to 2017. The vaginal area must go through significant modifications during pregnancy to permit passage of a fetus at the time of delivery Although clinically it is understood that these maternal adaptations take place, this study sought to measure how these adaptations are manifested in regards to the mechanical function of the vaginal area. The data confirmed scientific impressions by demonstrating significant changes in the passive mechanical residential or commercial properties and contractility of the vaginal area throughout pregnancy and into the postpartum period. Morphometric and histological parameters, for proximal and distal vaginal wall. The result of repeated pregnancies with vaginal shipments was studied. Morphometric analysis for each vaginal wall layer of the sheep model (squamous epithelium, lamina muscularis, propria and adventitia) was carried out in a clear and detailed method. Base line observations in young virgin animals were made. Exceptional changes were observed during the 3rd pregnancy which were visible one year after 3rd delivery.

Keywords: pregnancy, mechanical function, PubMed, Embase, vaginal wall.

Title: Effect of Pregnancy on the Properties of Vaginal Wall: Overview

Author: Abdulaziz faisal khyat, Mohmad ahmed hamodah, Hesham adnan qary

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This review was objective to discusses and illustrates the role of MRI in the assessment of various cardiac disorders such as ischemic heart disease, Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and septal defect. Literature search using MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL was conducted throughout June 2017 for all types of studies including clinical, reviews, meta-analysis studies and observational studies that reported the roles of Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). CMRI methods remain to evolve at a fast speed, reducing assessment times and also raising client tolerance. The development of strain imaging stands to enhance diagnostic examination of myocardial illness. Incorporated with anxiety perfusion and tissue characterization series with T1 and T2 weighting, CMRI offers a comprehensive examination of the myocardium. CMRI carries excellent worth in the examination of MI. CMRI is a robust diagnostic tool that provides numerous methods to analyze the function, morphology, perfusion, as well as scarring of myocardial cells hence supplying much better understanding of the underlying causes of nonischemic cardiomyopathies. In this review, we review the existing duty of heart MRI in the assessment of nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

Keywords: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), nonischemic cardiomyopathies.

Title: Roles of Cardiac MRI in the Diagnosis and Differentiation of Cardiac Disorders

Author: Maram Mohammed Alshahrani, Eman Mohammed A Alshahrani, Banan Aedh Alfayi, Laila Abdulhadi Alsalman, Norah Aedh Alfayi, Dhuha Saeed Abdullah Motlag, Asma Saad Saeed Alahmari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This study aimed to determine the perception and practice among healthcare workers (HCWs) in referring diabetes patients for dental care. A self-administered questionnaire for HCWs managing diabetes patients in four states in Malaysia was used. Random sampling of the health clinics was carried out and all health personnel managing diabetes patients were invited to participate in this study. Of the 258 HCWs who participated in the study, slightly more than half of them (55.0%) responded. The majority [73.4% (95% CI: 65.3 - 80.1)] opined that referral of diabetes patients for routine dental check-ups is necessary, but only 26.2% had actually made referral; while 18.7% were uncertain of the need. About two-thirds [65.5% (95% CI: 57.2 – 72.9)] felt that oral health messages should be integrated in health promotion and about two-thirds [64.1% (95% CI: 55.8 – 71.6)] agreed that annual dental check-ups should be in the diabetes management protocol to facilitate dental referral. The study highlights the need to educate HCWs on the association between diabetes and oral diseases and the important need to integrate oral health promotion into mainstream health promotion through common risk factor approach.

Keywords: diabetes patients, dental care, healthcare workers, Malaysia, referral.

Title: Perception and Trends in Referral of Diabetes Patients for Dental Care among Healthcare Workers (HCWs)

Author: Natifah Che Salleh, Siew Lian Yaw, Khairiyah Abd Muttalib, Tahir Aris, Norhafizah Sahril, Mohamad Azahadi Omar, Chien Huey Teh, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha, Ahmad Sharifuddin Mohd Asari, Fatanah Ismail, Lee Lan Low

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences  

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: this study aims to examine the risk of prosthetic valve leaks and the success rate of closure of pravalvular leakage (PVL) using percutaneous intervention. this is a retrospective study of patients that have undergone valve replacement surgery and subsequently later presented with PVL. In these patients a percutaneous intervention was favoured to remedy the leakage. Patient information was collected pre and post PVL closure surgery through looking at patient notes. Information was collected in a spreadsheet form with parameters including date of initial valve replacement, and dates of PVL, severity of leak, leakage pre and post PVL closure by information provided from transoesophageal echocardiogram.

Keywords: paravalvular leakage, perctaneous transcatheter approach, valve replacement surgery.

Title: Retrospective Study Determining Factors Leading to Paravalvular Leakage and Success Rate of Percutaneous Transcatheter Closure of Leakage– Royal Sussex County Hospital Brighton

Author: Nihaal Shaikh, Lujyn Zarei

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The quality of health care system are effected by irrationalize use of drug especially the antibiotic resistance increased globally and become a threat to the entire world. In this study,400 patients were scrutinized for Urinary tract infection to assess the most prevalent group of infected individual with identified isolateduro- pathogensthus also perform assessmentof prescribed antibiotics, compared frequent prescribing pattern with correlation to antimicrobial sensitive strain.

Keywords: Quality of prescription, Identified Uropathogens, Antibiotics, antimicrobial sensitivity.

Title: Quality of Antibiotics in the Treatment of UTI at A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Karachi

Author: Dr. Sahrish Junaid, Muhammad Fasih, Dr. Faisal Rehman, Dr. Urosa Ghulam

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Over the present years, the patient population going through heart surgery has actually wound up being older, sicker and higher-danger. Patients of 65 years and older represent virtually 60% of heart surgical treatments and expose substantial heterogeneity in postoperative outcomes.

After getting rid of the duplicates, the database searches and the extra snowball online search engine cause 1335 citations. In screening on domain and addition requirements, 1304 short posts were omitted. In 689 research studies, similarly patients who went through other surgery were consisted of and no distinction was made to heart surgery patients just and in 214 research study research studies the primary intervention was not in heart surgery patients. In 175 research study research studies patients with a mean age listed below 60 years were included and in 162 research study studies the age of consisted of patients was not provided. In 60 research studies the intervention was not specified and 4 research study studies focused on dose action relation only. Finally, 31 posts remained. In fundamental, good quality research study studies found that multi-component interventions have an impact on avoiding postoperative issues in older heart surgery patients.

The literature on postoperative concerns in cardiac surgery patients reveals high events of postoperative concerns such as delirium, stress and anxiety, pressure ulcer, infection, lung issues and atrial fibrillation. These issues are related to useful and cognitive decrease and a decrease in the quality of life after discharge. Different research studies aimed to prevent numerous postoperative issues by preoperative interventions. Here we provide an extensive summary of both numerous and single part preadmission interventions produced to prevent postoperative concerns.

Title: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ABOUT CARDIAC SURGERY INTERVENTIONS FOR PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS

Author: Alsabhani, Mohammed Fahad S, Hussam Ateeq M Alsamiri, Alsobyei, Abdullah Mohammed H, Ahmed Abdallah S Alsaedy, Khalid Rabai Muminah

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Family members of ICU patients may experience mental harassment, disorganization and helplessness which may to lead to stress. Stress of patient’s family members increase and ultimately cause disruption in the role and functions of family. Untreated family stress may lead to lack of trust in health care providers, inability to comply with hospital regulations and decisions, anger, hostility and litigation. A non-experimental descriptive study design was conducted in Sidhu Hospital, Doraha where the target population were the family members of patients admitted in ICU. 40 subjects were selected by convenient sampling technique from whom the data was collected by a self-structured stress scale. The data was analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics presented through tables and figures. It was evident from the findings that 60% of the family members experienced mild stress followed by 30% and 10% who experienced subclinical and moderate stress respectively. In conclusion, there is a great need of interventions to reduce the level of stress among the family members of the patients admitted in ICU as they also tend to be on the brink of psychological crisis.

Keywords: ICU patients, Family members, Sidhu Hospital.

Title: A Study to Assess the Level of Stress among the Family Members of Patients Admitted In ICU of Sidhu Hospital, Doraha, Ludhiana, Punjab

Author: Ms. Jaspreet Kaur Sodhi, Prof. (Mrs.) G.K Walia Mrs. Amrita Passi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Drug resistant tuberculosis is becoming a major concern and has hindered the control of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. What is the size of drug resistant-TB problem locally? Objective: To study mutation pattern of drug resistance tuberculosis isolates in Western Kenya. Methods: Sputum samples were obtained from TB patients and stained for acid fast bacilli and M. tuberculosis isolated from positive cases.  Anti-tuberculous drugs resistance pattern and their genetic mutation patterns were screened by use of GenoType®MDRTBplus assay. Results: Among the 120 M. tuberculosis isolates from positive sputum smears, 102 (85%) isolates were sensitive to both rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) whereas 18 (15%) isolates were resistant to at least one of these drugs. Those that were resistance to RIF and INH were found respectively in 17/120 (14.2%) and 18/120 (15%) isolates whereas 17 (14.2%) were resistant to both RIF and INH. Genotypic multi-drug resistance was then confirmed in 14.2% (17/120) isolates. Genetic mutations in rpoβ 505-533, katG315 and inh-8 to -16 codons associated with resistance to RIF and INH in anti-tuberculous resistant isolates were found respectively in 17/18 (94.4%), 17/18 (94.4%), and 16 (88.9%). Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that the prevalence of anti-tuberculous drug gene mutation pattern among TB isolates was diverse with high prevalence in codons 505-533 and 315 of rpoβ and katG respectively.

Keywords: Anti-tuberculosis drugs, MTBDRplus, mutation patterns, inh gene, katG gene and rpoβ gene.

Title: Assessment of Genetic Mutation Patterns Associated With Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis Isolates From Uasin Gishu County, Western Kenya

Author: Biegon RK, Nyamogoba HN, Ngeiywa M, Mining SK, Esamai F

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Patients with orthodontic appliances are at risk of acquiring periodontal disease and caries . Our aim is to improve oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment with instructions given before and during brackets appliance with special techniques used to clean their teeth. Five hundred questionnaires has been distributed to patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in order to investigate oral hygiene habits and diet analysis before and during the treatment. Result: The data was analyzed by comparing the responses of study subjects towards the influence of orthodontic treatment on their brushing pattern, dietary habits, teeth & gingival problems, and oral hygiene care. There is a significant difference in the number of subjects who have responded that they have given proper oral hygiene instruction on the day of bonding , when compared at before (62.7%) and during (87.4%) treatment( p<0.0001). Conclusion: Patients who have been given orthodontic instructions for oral hygiene routine showed improvement in their cleaning habits. We recommend giving patients proper oral hygiene instructions and reinforcing it on each visit by the orthodontist or hygienist.

Keywords:  Patients, dietary habits, orthodontic treatment, periodontal disease.

Title: Influence of Orthodontic Treatment on Oral Hygiene Routine

Author: Aljohara Alfaqeeh, Nojoud Aldhawi, Hend Alqahtani, Rana Almusallam, Zahra Alshahrani, Dr. Eman Fatani

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Main objective of this study was to overview the Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) from different aspects, including pathogenesis and etiology of the disease up to the latest therapeutic options available for CSC. Comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, and Embase databases, for relevant articles discussing the Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) published up to May, 2017. CSC is a multifactorial disease that continues to be incompletely comprehended. Current imaging advancements have actually resulted in additional understanding and much better surveillance of disease development and reaction to treatment. The finest management for patients is observation alone once it is established to be central serous chorioretinopathy. If the main serous chorioretinopathy is steroid generated, an alteration of the medication must be advised to the patient's medical professional, with the decision made by the patient and the suggesting carrier. The literary works suggests that photodynamic treatment could the treatment of selection.

Keywords: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), retinal pigment epithelial (RPE).

Title: Overview of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches

Author: Najlaa Samran Almutairi, Shrooq Salem Mahdi Alyami, Amjad Ahmad M Zuiran

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Gastroenteritis is defined as the inflammation of the mucous membrane layers of the stomach system and also is identified by looseness of the bowels or vomiting.

Objective: The main purpose of this article was to review the gastroenteritis from different clinical perspectives including etiology, complications and then treatment options

Methods: We search major databases; PubMed (MIDLINE) and Embase for the identification most important and recent reviews and clinical trials on the following treatments of gastroenteritis and also the complications and etiology of it, we searched the mentioned databases through July 2017 using combined terms which lead to easier search

Conclusion: Gastroenteritis is a very common disease. It creates considerable death in creating nations as well as substantial economic burden to industrialized nations. Infections are in charge of around 70% of episodes of intense gastroenteritis in children and also rotavirus is one of the most effective studied of these viruses. Oral rehydration treatment is as reliable as intravenous treatment in treating mild to moderate dehydration in severe gastroenteritis as well as is strongly recommended as the initial line therapy.

Keywords: Gastroenteritis, etiology, complications and then treatment options, Acute gastroenteritis (AGE).

Title: Gastroenteritis, Complications and Therapeutic Options, Review

Author: Ahmed Hussain Al Asmari, Nawaf M. Alyahya, Ghanem Ali Alshahrani, Ali J Alshehri, Mohammed Salem Alqahtani, Abdullah S. Almalki

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The goals of this study were to determine whether pneumonia has implications on patients admitted to KKH, and what are the implications on patients with chronic disease such DM, Epilepsy, HTN, and COPD. A prospective cohort study was performed, this study was conducted at King Khalid hospital (KKH) in Hail City, North of Saudi Arabia, between the period of 2015 and 2016. Data were collected by a prospective reviewing the patient’s medical records admitted to the hospital because of pneumonia in one year long (2015-2016). Pneumonia mostly has normal implications on patients as for most of this study were normally discharged as for the outcomes. It's followed by Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA) which was the highest in no epilepsy and no down syndrome. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was the most risk for implications of pneumonia in this group followed by asthma and other respiratory problems. Death had no strong effect on the implications. But as for this study showed 17 patients have died showing the high risk of pneumonia implications on patient’s life if they have more other chronic disease that can worsen the situation.

Keywords: King Khalid hospital (KKH), Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA).

Title: Implications of Pneumonia in Hail Region in North of Saudi Arabia

Author: Kareem Saleh Abdulhadi Alshammari, Abdulkarim Saleh Abdullah Alkhateeb, Ibrahim Yousef Ibrahim Alolayt, Abdulrahman Mubarak Eid Alshammari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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