Vol 8 Issue 1 April 2020-September 2020

Abstract: This article is to depict the difference between the force applied by normal and diabetic patients having knee instability and to plot a graph to show the deviation between them. Diabetic patients suffer from many potential complications. One of the major complications is muscle degeneration due to protein imbalance caused by decreased amount of insulin production. This leads to knee weakness and inability to walk normally. This is a main setback in old patients since they are more prone to fall and there is no permanent treatment as of now. Our aim is to determine the deviation of the force applied by the patients with knee instability from the normal population.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, knee instability, muscle degeneration, force, deviation.

Title: Comparison of knee instability in normal and diabetic patients

Author: Sivaprasad Durai, Sherine Susanna.J, Yugendhar.R, S.Krishnakumar

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a globally major concern. In developing countries like Afghanistan overuse, misuse, low-quality medicine, self-medication, and irrational use of anti-infection agents are common which may cause antimicrobial resistance. To have Information about anti-infectives prescribing patterns in medical clinics is significant in improving the nature of antimicrobial prescriptions.  This cross-sectional study was conducted on the use of antimicrobial agents in teaching hospitals of Kabul University of Medical Sciences which is a tertiary care hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan. Data were collected from the medical records department, all in-patients which they admitted during two months from January-February were included. In our study, we found that 519 (85.5%) of 607 patients who were admitted to the hospital received at least one anti-infectives. The average number of anti-infectives per hospitalization was 1.4. Cephalosporins were found to be the majority being 61.3% of the total anti-infectives prescribed, this was followed by Nitroimidazole (15.7%), Fluoroquinolones (9.7%), Penicillins (7.2%), and Aminoglycosides (1.8%). Antimicrobials were ordered empirically in 99% of patients. The percentage of generic prescriptions was 99%. The most antimicrobial prescription was empirically and overuse of ceftriaxone among of anti-infectives medicines is a major concern therefore, educational program regarding antimicrobial resistance is necessary for physicians.

Keywords: Anti-microbial, utilization, Kabul, teaching hospitals.

Title: Anti-microbial utilization in teaching hospitals of Kabul University of Medical Sciences

Author: Ershad Ahmad Mushkani, Fahima Hamidy

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: To the best of our knowledge, no measurements of airborne particles have previously been carried out in the city of Linfen, Shanxi Province, China.

Size-resolved aerosol mass and elemental compositions were measured in the urban background environment during the Linfen Air Quality Study.

Weekly samples were collected for three months from October 2019 to December 2019. A Tisch Ambient Eight-Stage Cascade Impactor was used to collect aerosol samples of fine particulate matters smaller than 10 µm; also, a 400 mesh hexagonal Agar SEM grid was used to sample particles to carry out SEM analyses. Approximately 78% of samples contain aerosol particles below 7 µm, which means the aerosol particles are respirable. Approximately 25% of samples contain aerosol particles below 2 µm, which means the aerosol particles can reach the alveoli of the lung. These are harmful to human health if they consist of dangerous particulate matters. SEM analyses show the following elements which are presented in the particulate matter of Linfen urban air: Mg (MgO), Al (Al₂O₃), Si (SiO₂), S (FeS₂), K, Ca, Cu, Fe, Ag, and Ti. Our study cannot verify whether these elements are hazardous in Lifen’s aerosol.

Keywords: Trace metals; SEM; Atmosphere aerosol particles; Human health; Air Pollution; Air Quality.

Title: Size and Composition Distribution of Atmospheric Particles at Shanxi Normal University (SXNU) campus site in Linfen, China

Author: Arash Gharibi, Zhang Donghai, Yu Wang, He Tengjiao, Liao Weiguang, Pu Qiao

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Students' overview of education environment is essential in order to achieve the sole purpose of the study. The educational environment is the implication of learning environment or academic atmosphere experienced by a student in implementing curriculum. OSCE has been widely used as an assessment tool to test the minimum standards received from students while studying in the medical faculty. In order to achieve the maxium score of OSCE, a medical university made an entire a simulation obased on clinical practice called basic clinical skill. Basic clinical skills (BCS) become a learning process tool that combines aspects of knowledge, skills, and attitudes in clinical practice, and supports OSCE learning. This study aims to determine the differences in the fifth semester of OSCE graduation for 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 students at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. This study uses the DREEM questionnaire to see students' perceptions of education environment in FK Unud. Samples were taken using the hypothesis test formula of the proportion of two populations. The research results were processed with SPSS through the Pearson correlation test. The results showed that education environment had no relationship with OSCE graduation in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 (p <0.01). This study can provide an overview of the results of the OSCE graduation, in two different strengths at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.

Keywords: education environment, OSCE, OSCE graduation, DREEM.

Title: OVERVIEW OF EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT AND OSCE GRADUATION OF FIFTH SEMESTER IN MEDICAL FACULTY UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

Author: Ida Ayu Laksmi Devi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The incidence of teenage pregnancy is quite high with different rates in some countries. Teenage pregnancy is an important health problem faced by governments in both developing and developed countries. This is associated with various kinds of complications, both in the fetus and mother, which can arise during the process of pregnancy and childbirth. This is a descriptive study of the medical records of teen pregnancy and childbirth at the delivery room of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Bali for two years 2014-2015. During two years there were 2767 deliveries and 239 (8.63%) were teen pregnancy/childbirth, 135 cases (8.72%) and 104 (8.75%) in 2015. In this study it was found that most (54.29%) cases have secondary education and below. Even 7 cases (7.11%) did not complete their education in primary school. Most (58.15%) experienced maternal complications with preterm labor / delivery was the most common complication (33.47%) and severe preeclampsia in 8.36%. Neonatal complications occurred in 39.25% in the form of low and very low birth weight (33.83%), moderate and severe asphyxia, (16.94%), intra uterine fetal death 5 (2.06%), IUGR (2.47%) and congenital abnormalities (1.23%).

Keywords: Teenage pregnancy, characteristic, mother and baby outcomes.

Title: CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR BALI 2014-2015

Author: I Made Darmayasa, Satrio Budi Susetyo, Made Bagus Dwi Aryana

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Caring for mental health service users is a public concern especially in situations where these types of patients have to be managed in a general ward. Government is committed to establish measures that would enhance the standard of caring for mental health service users in a general ward setting. This study intended to explore and describe the lived experiences of nurses who care for the mental health service users in public hospital in Libode in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa.

A qualitative, descriptive phenomenological research design to explore and describe the lived experiences of nurses who care for the mental health care users in general wards at a district hospital. Semi-structured individual interviews (n =6) were used to collect data from the se nurses. These interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim and Collaizzi’s process of qualitative data analysis was applied for data analysis. 

This study reported both positive and negative experiences. Positive experiences included the rescue of mental health care users and cooperation among nurses. Negative experiences included the combination of chronic ill patients with known aggressive and unpredictable mental health care users; shortage of staff; unsecured fencing for mental health care users; lack of support from managers and feeling unappreciated were reported.

In conclusion, necessary prioritisation of all aspects of services in the management of mental health care users should be adhered to. Secondly, paying attention to all nurses’ needs regarding the circumstances they undergo when managing mental health service users should be adhered to.

Keywords: Caring, Mental Health Service User, Nurses.

Title: Caring for mental health service users on a general ward: a phenomenological approach

Author: Sithembele Magqadiyane

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Bullying is a repeated, conscious action that harms others due to an imbalance in power between the perpetrator and the victim. Based on the KPAI  (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia)  from 2011 to August 2014, there were 369 complaints related to bullying, which a quarter of total complaints were bullying in the school environment. Bullying can affect children's development and cause other problems in the children's life. Various studies have shown a correlation of bullying behavior both as perpetrators and victims with cognitive deficits. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of bullying behavior to the cognitive development of elementary school students in Punggul Village. This study is an observational analytic study using the cross-sectional method. Total sampling was 64 respondents using consecutive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria in the population. The results of the study show a significant relationship between bullying status of children who are the perpetrator of bullying towards cognitive development (p = <0.01) with moderate correlation (r = -0.579). There is also a significant relationship between bullying status of children who are victims of bullying towards cognitive development (p = <0.01) with moderate correlation (r = -0.444). The conclusion is there a relation between bullying behavior and cognitive development of elementary school students in Punggul Village. Implementation of strategies to suppress bullying in schools needs to be improved to reduce the possibility of bullying.

Keywords: Bullying, Cognitive, Elementary School.

Title: BULLYING BEHAVIOR AFFECT TO COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PUNGGUL VILLAGE

Author: Cindy Anastasia Okhotan, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulya Hartawan, Esther Ivana Okhotan, Ida Ayu Mas Prabhasuari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Life skill education programs have been found to be empowering adolescents from economically backward sections of society and they have been adopted to target several objectives among adolescent girls. The objectives of this programme is to promote awareness of the world around them, create awareness on growing issues, enhance mobility, empower to express their opinion as well as promotion of an egalitarian participation in decisions that affect their lives, developing vocational skills and saving mentality in them. The general objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module (SIM) about life skills education on the level of life skills among early adolescent students in selected schools in a Bengaluru. This study adopted a single group pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design. The study participants were selected by a simple random sampling technique, consisting of sixty samples from 9^th and 10^th standard students of St. Phillomena and Bloosom School in a Bengaluru. The tool consisting of socio-demographic data and life skills scale was given to assess the effectiveness of the SIM about life skills education administering the same questionnaire to assess the post-test. The overall mean post-test level score regarding life skills education (193.34) was significantly higher than overall mean pre-test level (161.43) score regarding life skills education score. The obtained t-value was found to be 5.714, which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the table value. There was a significant (p<0.05) association found between the pre-test score with the gender of the students.

Keywords: Effectiveness, Planned Teaching Program, Knowledge, Bio-medical Waste Management.

Title: Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module about Life Skills Education on the Level of Life Skills among Early Adolescent Students of Selected Schools in Bengaluru, Karnataka

Author: Priyanka Gupta, Sharmila Jayapalan, Sowmya A. Vasanthakumar, Shivaleela P. Upashe

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: To explore the experiences and perception of pioneer (First batch) computerized nursing licensure exam candidates The study employed a mixed methods approach using an e-survey technique with structured questionnaires to collect post-test data from the 2018 diploma in psychiatric nursing graduates of the Pantang nurses’ training college in Accra, Ghana, pioneer test takers of the premier 2018 computerized nursing licensure examination.

Majority of the candidates reported a positive experience and preferred the computer-based test (CBT), but were of the view that the system can be improved. The result suggests the need to implement a similar test system within the training curriculum.   

Keywords: Computer-based Test, Nursing Licensure, Nursing education, Ghana.

Title: Computer-Based Test (CBT) for Nursing Licensure Examination: Pioneer candidates Experiences and perception of the premier test in Ghana

Author: John Bright Agyemang, Nina Sarpomaa Konadu, Anita Frimpomaa Oppong, Appau Comfort

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc (PIVD) is a major cause of disability in developing countries. A herniated nucleus pulposus is most common in those aged below 40 years, whilst degeneration of discs tends to affect those aged over 40 years, with the prevalence increasing with advancing age. Initial management should include rest as indicated, physical therapy, and appropriate use of pain medication. In most instances, radicular symptoms will abate or resolve within six weeks.

Keywords: PIVD, Herniated nucleus, Pain, Sciatica, Numbness, LBP.

Title: LUMBAR PROLAPSED INTERVERTEBRAL DISC & ITS MANAGEMENT

Author: Simranjeet Kaur (PT)

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Focused Antenatal care was introduced following failure of the Standard ANC model, to limit the number of visits to the clinic, restrict tests, clinical procedures and actions to those which would improve the outcome of both the mother and the newborn. FANC is intended to prevent or identify and treat conditions that may threaten the health of the newborn and/or the mother, and help a woman to approach pregnancy and birth as a positive experience, and to a large extent it helps to provide a good start for the newborn child.  This study assessed the predictors of compliance of FANC among pregnant women at Kisumu East District Hospital. Data was collected from 258 women of reproductive age group through cross-sectional study, and one-stage exit interviews from the Antenatal clinic (ANC) and post natal ward. 74.1% of women reported satisfaction with history taking and clinical examination. On the other hand, history taking and obstetric examination were only carried out in 75.3% and 93.5% respectively at the first visit but the rates were lower with consecutive visits. Significant predictors of FANC compliance that were found to have a p-value < 0.05 were: residence (p-value= 0.001, OR=1.1, CI=.5-2.36), maternal education (OR= 3.6, CI=1.7-7.7), Household financial status (OR= 5.2, CI= 2.8-9.6), woman’s source of income (OR=4.1, CI=.7-3.3) and awareness of FANC (OR=1.9, CI=1.1-3.5). This study showed that the compliance to FANC service was very low despite the presence of skilled and friendly service providers in the facilities. Factors associated with poor compliance included limited knowledge and poor attitude among participants and KEDH staff. Based on this study, it is recommended that stakeholders improve awareness of the new FANC model, improve counseling/ health education and upgrade antenatal clinic infrastructure as well as supplies at KEDH. It is also recommended for further research to elucidate the implications of poor compliance.

Keywords: Significant predictors, Focused Antenatal Care, compliance, World Health Organisation, enabling Factors.

Title: Assessment of Focused Antenatal Care Compliance Predictors in Kisumu East District Hospital, Kenya

Author: Anne Ayieko Ibworo, Vincent Ibworo

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Healthcare structural aspects such as physical structures, equipment and human resources are still a major challenge in the world. The structural measures of quality of healthcare assesses the capacity of the service provider and enables users to assess quality of services they access. Africa and other developing countries are still constrained in providing quality services due to poor and inadequate structural aspects. In Kenya, the Ministry of Health has initiated different measures and strategies to address these challenges to improve the quality healthcare. However, the recent change in policy introducing free maternal and neonatal services to increase demand and access to care also increased workload on the MNCH service functions, with varying impact on service quality.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, structural measures (based on WHO, Kenya healthcare quality and Kenya human resources for health standards) were applied to assess the quality of physical structures, equipment and human resources of all 7 tier 3 public health facilities in Kisumu County. Data was analysed both descriptively and by using Principal Component Analysis to determine impact of structural aspects on service quality. Factor loading/impact weights with absolute values ≥ 0.4 are considered to contribute sufficiently to the overall variability in quality accounted for by the factor, and those <0.4 are either irrelevant or don’t explain the observed variability. A positive impact weight indicates a positive relationship with the factor, whereas a negative sign suggests an inverse relationship.

Results: At least 5 of the health facilities were adequate in 5 of the 7 listed items of the physical aspects; 2 of the 5 cadres of human resources, and 5 of the 22 equipment types assessed. For all the factors/indicators assessed, the impact weights obtained had absolute values <0.4.

Conclusion: More than half of the facilities had adequate quality of most items listed for physical aspects required for MNCH. However, unavailability and lack of adequate quality of majority of the items listed for human resources and equipment still pose considerable drawbacks to providing quality MNCH services. These are critical to correctly performing recommended technical and functional maternal, newborn and child health care tasks. These results indicate a clear need for improvement intervention strategies to strengthen all the structural components of MNCH service delivery functions in Kisumu County.

Keywords: Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, Structural aspects, quality healthcare, tier 3 public health facilities.

Title: Healthcare structural factors that determine quality of Maternal, Newborn and Child Health services at tier 3 public health facilities of Kisumu county, Kenya

Author: Vincent O. Ibworo, Bernard Guyah, Dickens Omondi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Air pollution is a serious issue in the world, which has a significant effect on both human health and environment. There are various sources of air pollution but vehicles and industrial processes lead to the majority of air pollution. The major air pollutants element is including, ground level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, lead and nitrogen oxides. The consequence of the exposure to these toxicant impact human health including the respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, nervous system, skin diseases, and chronic diseases such as cancer. Air pollution has a negative effect on various environmental aspects which directly or indirectly affect the quality of human health by progressing of some diseases such as asthma, lung cancer, autism, retinopathy, and low birth weight. The air pollution also causes various environmental effects to the groundwater, soil, and air which result in global warming, formation of acid rain, aerosol formation and depletion of Ozone and many other effects. This review article is an attempt to discuss the updated knowledge on the threat of major air pollution on human health and environment and discuss the sources of air pollution in Kabul. Finally, come up with the practical measures and recommendations to reduces air pollution in Kabul Afghanistan.

Keywords: Air pollution, Human Health, Environment, Diseases, Awareness, Kabul

Title: The impact of air pollution on human health and Environment with mitigation Measures to reduce Air Pollution in Kabul Afghanistan

Author: Wail Mohammad Waseq

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals