Vol 10 Issue 1 April 2022-September 2022

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes people to feel tired because they are not getting enough sleep. This is because they are constantly woken up by loud snoring and pauses in breathing while they sleep. Screening for OSA and referring patients at risk to sleep physicians is a service that orthodontists are well-suited to provide. In treating OSA, physicians (including advanced practice providers supervised by physicians) may prescribe orthodontic appliances or procedures to appropriately selected adults. A patient's orthodontic condition contributing to their OSA will determine which of three specialized dental appliances their orthodontist will recommend. First, braces and aligners can be used to treat misaligned teeth caused by OSA. As a non-invasive treatment option, oral appliance therapy is frequently prescribed to OSA patients. The recommended oral appliance is a customized, titratable mandibular advancement device (MADs) that permits progressive mandibular protrusion. Despite the superior effectiveness of CPAP in reducing OSA severity, recent studies have revealed that CPAP and MADs therapy have comparable health outcomes. This is likely due to greater nightly MADs compliance compared to CPAP therapy. OSA is, in the majority of cases, a chronic disorder. Because OSA is a complex disorder with multiple facets, the most effective treatments are comprehensive and interdisciplinary. The sleep team, which includes an orthodontist and a sleep dentist, should not be alarmed by the trial-and-error nature of OSA treatment.

Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, sleep-disordered breathing, orthodontic sleep apnea, oral appliance titration.

Title: Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Braces

Author: Phusita Thanaunyaporn

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 168-174

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Published Date: 25-July-2022

Abstract: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the number one cause of death in the current world. Since numerous reasons heighten the risk of CHD, this review will focus only on genetic risk factors. Known for its ability to analyze and enhance chromosome mapping by garnering tons of human tests by its agnostic approach, conducting Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to examine genetic patterns in patients has perceived many undiscovered hidden genes. For instance, Sortilin is a gene vitally linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risks and plasma LDL cholesterol levels. Moreover, GWAS could predict CVD risk furthermore and is beneficial for personalized medical treatment. Applying the understanding of genetics could create biomarkers that detect early stages of disease development and provide a precise diagnosis. Precise risk assessments and individualized treatment benefit projections are necessary. Accurate risk ratings, more potent drugs, and specialized evaluation of treatment are three tools to improve traditional risk estimation of CVD.

Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease; Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS); SORT1

Title: Genetic Risks of Cardiovascular Diseases

Author: Wachirawit Angkatavanich

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 161-167

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 23-July-2022

Abstract: Organ implantation is a significant treatment for a number of end-stage organ disorders. But there are only a few donors accessible. Tissue and organ shortages may one day be eliminated thanks to the development of tissue biofabrication technologies. Cells and biomolecules are often placed into a scaffold with a porous structure to mimic the properties of extracellular matrix (ECM). It has been possible to engineer a number of tissue structures, including bone, skin, and cartilage, by using scaffold-based approaches. Rapid manufacturing, also known as additive manufacturing or three-dimensional (3D) printing, has the ability to totally eradicate these problems . The concept of 3D printing was improving in the early 1980s . Inspiring by recent advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, 3D printing has been successfully used for tissue biofabrication. Bioprinting is the layer-by-layer implantation of biological elements and living cells using computer-aided transfer techniques.  This technique allows for the creation of tissue constructions with a variety of cell locations and vascular patterns that replicate the structural features of human tissues and organs. The three stages of 3D bioprinting are preprocessing, processing, and postprocessing. Inkjet, extrusion, laser, Tissue and Organ, Skin tissue, Cardiac Tissue , Microchannels , etc. are just a few examples of the various forms of 3D bioprinting.

Keywords: 3D Bioprinting, organ regeneration, skin tissue, cardiac tissue.

Title: 3D Bioprinting for Tissue and Organ Regeneration

Author: Chanya Techakraisri

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 153-160

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 20-July-2022

Abstract: Generally, cancer is a serious problem no matter what type of cancer, even though we have many types of medication, including vaccination. Most vaccines are created to prevent or boost immunity. However, the vaccine that this literature review mentioned was made to treat cancer. As the medical professionals wanted to treat the cancer patients precisely, a cancer vaccine was developed, not for prevention but as a cure by tricking the immune system. The vaccines have been developed using four melanoma antigens groups: overexpressed antigens, cancer-testis antigens, mutant oncogenes, and patient-specific mutated neoantigens. In addition, two technologies, Tumor antigens and Stimulation of anti-tumour immunity, have advanced based on the mechanism of cancer vaccines. Most importantly, the critical potential of cancer vaccine treatment for Melanoma has some clinical studies about the vaccinations that have been advanced and existed in much research, plus, it has been tested with humans. The history of melanoma skin cancer immunizations is extensive. It can stimulate immunological responses. An efficient vaccination platform is examined in this dynamic sector. This includes immunizations based on neoantigens and skin cancer virus inclusions.

Keywords: Cancer vaccines, Melanoma antigens, Melanoma, Tumor antigens.

Title: Cancer vaccine treatment for Melanoma

Author: Supavee Piyapanpong

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 144-152

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-July-2022

Abstract: Background: Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the corona virus and it can be transmitted from person to person via respiratory droplets. People contact with unclean surfaces and proceed to touch their eyes, nose or mouth, this is how the virus enters the host, resulting in rapid transmission on a large scale. Having appropriate health behavior including foods could strengthen immunity against this virus.

Objective: To assess nutrition and immunity related knowledge and food consumption behavior which enhances immunity during COVID- 19. And to study factors influence food consumption behavior during COVID-19 pandemic

Design: Cross-sectional online survey between April-May 2022.

Participants: Approximately 146 students who studied grade 10-12 across in Bangkok ,Thailand with access to the internet via smartphone or personal computers,  were invited to participate in this study.

Result: Most participants reported a moderate level of Nutrition and Immunity related knowledge (M=6.00, SD=1.91)  and a low level of Food Consumption Behavior during COVID-19 pandemic (M=50.00, SD=9.10). 43.8% (n=64) of participants reported that they did not take any vitamins or supplements, 30.1% (n=44) took vitamins and supplements at the same amount as usual and 26% (n=38) took more vitamins and supplements than usual. Taking vitamins and supplements during COVID-19 was a predictive factor for food consumption behavior during COVID-19 of participants.

Conclusion: Taking more vitamins and supplements during the pandemic predict Food Consumption Behavior to Enhance immune responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore health and nutrition education campaign should be provided to the public in order to have a good food consumption behavior to enhance immune responses.

Keywords:  food consumption, immune system, COVID-19.

Title: Knowledge regarding nutrition to strengthen immune system and food consumption behavior to enhance immune response during COVID-19 pandemic of Bangkok students in grades 10-12

Author: Punnada Rakthabut, Kanyakorn Sukjaroen, Pandaree Wisawajarn, Nichapach Amornratanakosol, Lapat Tilokruangchai, Pimpetchara Luengnapaleard, Voranutcha Visitbunditkul, Thiyada Piamsa-Nga

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 137-143

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 12-July-2022

Abstract: Oral cancer is the sixth most prevalent cancer in the world. The symptoms interfere with the patient's everyday life in numerous physical and mental ways, resulting in psychological issues and a deterioration in life quality. The mental health of these patients' caregivers is also at stake since their obligation to care for them may become a burden. Most patients had a low quality of life and were emotionally upset prior to surgery due to a lack of social-emotional support. A family caregiver offers care to a loved one who is afflicted with a terrible illness, such as oral cancer. In addition to giving physical care, they offer their close relatives emotional and financial assistance. They may include the patient's spouse, offspring, and siblings. This research intends to investigate the psychosocial challenges that oral cancer patients and their caregivers confront. The reviewed literature determined that it is essential to address the psychological requirements of oral cancer patients and that psychological counseling should be incorporated into their treatment plan. Caregiving is a demanding occupation. Numerous studies suggest that special attention should be paid to educating caregivers for oral cancer patients by providing them with enough understanding of the illness process and its implications, as well as counselling services to address the various psychological requirements of the patients.

Keywords: Oral cancer; mental health; depression; anxiety; caregivers.

Title: Impact of Oral Cancer on Mental Health

Author: Thanawan Ungkananuchat

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 130-136

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 05-July-2022

Abstract: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a relatively new disease that came into existence after the COVID-19 pandemic. It is defined as a multisystem inflammatory condition post-COVID-19 infection due to an immune-mediated reaction of the body toward coronavirus. It is especially seen and defined in children, but this disease's underlying cause affecting a particular population is yet to be determined. Several hypotheses have been postulated which explain this disease as a result of immune dysregulation. The immune system responds to any infection by the B and T-cell response systems. This leads to antibody formation and cytokine production respectively. Some of the studies in the past have shown that the intensity of cytokines response in different age groups is different. The number of T-cells producing IL-2 and NK cells producing IFN-Y plays a huge role in an inflammatory response. Age group 1-21 yrs has shown to induce maximum cytokine response in studies which might be a possible explanation for the occurrence of MIS-C mostly in the children population.

Keywords: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), cytokines, COVID-19.

Title: A possible explanation for the existence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) only in the pediatric population

Author: Ashish Shrivastava

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 127-129

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 04-July-2022

Abstract: This study investigated the prevalence of chemical and ergonomic occupational hazards on truck drivers in Rivers State. The cross-sectional descriptive survey research design and the is Rivers State. The population for this study comprised of all 3000 registered industrial truck drivers in Rivers State. The sample of this study was 500 truck drivers. The study adopted simple random sampling technique. Data collection for the study was collected through the use of structured questionnaires. The questionnaire was titled: ‘Prevalence of Chemical and Ergonomic Occupational Hazards among Truck Drivers Questionnaire (PCEOHTDQ). A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and analysis was done using descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and t-test. The finding of the study showed that there is no significant difference between the mean responses of drivers and the prevalence of chemical hazards among truck drivers in Rivers State [tcal (1.21); t-crit (1.96); p>0.05]; there is no significant difference between the mean responses of drivers and the prevalence of ergonomic hazards among truck drivers in Rivers State [tcal (1.46); t-crit (1.96); p>0.05]; amongst others. The study concluded that amongst the prevalence of occupational hazards includes: chemical hazards and ergonomic hazards, among truck drivers in Rivers. It was recommended that, industries and Managers should improve work policies and procedures, and provide personal protective equipment for truck drivers. Often the best solution involves a combination of approaches.

Keywords: Prevalence, occupational hazards, chemical hazards, truck drivers, ergonomic hazards.

Title: PREVALENCE OF CHEMICAL AND ERGONOMIC OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS ON TRUCK DRIVERS IN RIVERS STATE

Author: Ogbuehi Desmond, Dike Blessed Onyemaechi Prince

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 116-126

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 01-July-2022

Abstract: This study investigated the prevalence and sources of occupational stress amongst healthcare workers in in Rivers State. The descriptive, cross-sectional design was used for the study. The population of the study comprised of 36,876 healthcare workers in Rivers State, with a sample size of 828 healthcare workers which was determined using the Borners’s formulae, and selected using the multistagesampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and analysis was done using frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation for research questions and Z-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for test of hypotheses. The finding of the study showed that there was no significant difference in the mean rating of the level of stress experienced by healthcare workers in Rivers State based on age [F (3, 727) = 0.477; p>0.05]; there was no significant difference in the mean rating of the level of stress experienced by healthcare workers in Rivers State based on marital status [F (3, 727) = 0.470; p>0.05]; amongst others. The study concluded that demographically, there was no significant difference in the level of stress among healthcare workers in Rivers Sate based on age and marital status. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that healthcare workers should identify the peculiar sources and causes of stress and utilize that knowledge to modify and adopt positive work-time behaviour that will assist in reducing the level of stress inherent among the healthcare workers, amongst others.

Keywords: Occupational stress, healthcare workers, Rivers State.

Title: THE PREVALENCE AND SOURCES OF OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONGST HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN RIVERS STATE

Author: Onyiri, Chinenyenwa Jacqueline, Amadi, Kingsley Moses, Sunday, Barine Edwin, Chinda Samuel Chiburoma

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 100-115

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 01-July-2022

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) which rapidly evolved from an outbreak in Wuhan, China into a pandemic that has resulted in over millions of infections and over hundreds of thousands of mortalities worldwide. Various coagulopathies have been reported in association with COVID-19, including disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC), local microthrombi, venous thromboembolism (VTE), arterial thrombotic complications, and thrombo-inflammation. There is a plethora of publications and conflicting data on hematological and hemostatic derangements in COVID-19 with some data suggesting the link to disease progress, severity and/or mortality. There is also growing evidence of potentially useful clinical biomarkers to predict COVID-19 progression and disease outcomes. Of those, a link between thrombocytopenia and COVID-19 severity or mortality was suggested. In this opinion report, we examine the published evidence of hematological and hemostatic laboratory derangements in COVID-19 and the interrelated SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammation.

Keywords: biochemistry; new coronary pneumonia; hematology; SARS-CoV-2.

Title: Guidelines on Biochemical/Hematological Monitoring of COVID-19 Patients

Author: Yasir.A.Ahmed, Ayeed Marfo AlEnizi, Mansour Farhan AlEnizi, Fahad Mohammed AlWallan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 90-99

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 28-June-2022

Abstract: Protein Energy Malnutrition is a public health problem in under five children and mothers are mainly responsible for that. So this study was conducted to assess knowledge Attitude and Practices of mothers of under than five children regarding Protein Energy Malnutrition and its prevention. This study was conducted on 300 mothers of under five children residing at selected rural community, Jaipur (Rajasthan) area. Data were collected by using structured interview questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that 80% of mothers of under five children had inadequate knowledge, 43.3% were having favorable attitude and only 10% were having good practices regarding prevention of PEM. So it was concluded from this study that mothers of under five children had poor knowledge of PEM and were not much aware regarding prevention of PEM. It is suggested that IEC activities should be done in this area regarding PEM and its prevention.

Keywords: Mothers of under Five Children, Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM), Knowledge Attitude and Practices (KAP).

Title: A study to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers of under five children regarding prevention of Protein Energy Malnutrition

Author: Dr. Harish Kumar Sharma, Mr. Gagan Deep

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 84-89

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 28-June-2022

Abstract: Psychoactive substance-use (PSU) or abuse has always constituted a global social and health challenge. Quasi-experimental research design was used with three experimental groups and ninety high school students were purposively selected from three high schools in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were gathered through a validated questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha reliability score of 0.75. Findings revealed that between baseline and immediate post intervention, a significant difference (p < 0.05) in overall perception across the intervention groups (Grp1: t₂₉ =-2.027; Grp2:  t₂₉ =-2.462) was observed, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in perception for Grp 3 (Control) (Grp3: t₂₉ = -0.036) respectively. Between baseline and at 4^th week follow-up, significant difference (p < 0.05) was seen in overall perception for Grp1 (t₂₉ = -6.754) and Grp2 (t₂₉ = -9.473), but no significant difference (p > 0.5) was observed for Grp3 (t₂₉ = -1.036). The effect of changes produced by the intervention program given to Grp2 was more effective (Effect size: 2.32) than for Grp1 (Effect size = 1.85) in increasing adolescents’ perception to refuse psychoactive substance use. The study concludes that health education intervention programs do not only affect adolescents’ perception of PSU but becomes more effective when motivational counseling is added. It was recommended that motivational counseling be incorporated into health education programs at high schools or in drug awareness clubs at high schools.

Keywords: Psychoactive substance, drug perception, adolescent, motivational counseling, psychocognitive intervention, health education.

Title: Assessment of High School Adolescents’ Perception of Psychoactive Substance Use in Selected Schools in Ogun State, Nigeria

Author: Atulomah, N. O., Agbede, C, Panuel-Egwakhe, C

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 70-83

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 09-June-2022

Abstract: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has developed rapidly in recent years as an important way to treat coronary heart disease. Among them, multi-vessel CABG is considered to improve the long-term patency rate of grafted vessels and improve the long-term quality of life of patients.  main means.  Although multi-arterial CABG has been generally carried out in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, multi-arterial CABG in China is still in its infancy, and it is only carried out in a few large heart centers in China.  Therefore, through literature review, this article elaborates on multi-vessel CABG from three aspects: "patient selection", "characteristics of arterial grafts" and "bypass surgery strategy".

Keywords: coronary artery bypass grafting, multi-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting, arterial grafting, bypass strategy, patient selection.

Title: Literature review: Multi-vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Author: Romeo Martial Tchomte, Miranda Paule Mebeu Tchouante, Eric Christian Tchubessi, Nelly Larissa Djatche Kouakam

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 62-69

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 09-June-2022

Abstract: Employee job characteristics and work environment have been considered crucial factors that can influence the practice of patient-centered care behaviour among health workers. The government of Ghana has been implementing interventions to strengthen the healthcare system in rural and peri-urban communities. However, the majority of Community health nurses prefer to work in urban areas than in deprived communities. This has resulted in a dearth of essential primary health care services for most rural and peri-urban residents.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between job characteristics, working environment, and patient-centered care behavior of Community Health Nurses in selected rural and peri-urban areas in the Bekwai Municipality, Ghana.

Methods: The study was conducted among 80 Community Health Nurses (CHNs) in health facilities within Bekwai-Municipality. A semi-structured questionnaire and interview guide were used for the data collection conducted between May-June 2021. The data collection instrument measured and analysed one dependent variable, patient-centered behavior, and two independent variables, job characteristics, and working environment.

Results: The respondents acknowledged the role played by job characteristics on patient-centered care (PCC). However, there were varied views on the extent to which the components of monotony, autonomy, performance feedback, and task identity influence healthcare delivery in the rural setting. Moreover, the findings indicate that community health nurses in rural areas were partly satisfied with their work environment as represented by physical characteristics, source of information on work requirements, compensation methods, and social relationships with co-workers and supervisors.  The findings demonstrate a perceived positive relationship between employee job characteristics and patient-centered behavior in the ideal spatial context.

Conclusion: It was concluded that to improve patient-centered care through job characteristics and work environment, hospital management should strengthen the aspect of autonomy in the work of CHNs as well as provide good compensation to motivate workers (CHNs) in rural facilities. Health facility regulatory bodies seeking to improve patient-centered should enhance job and work characteristics and introduce effective workplace social support and compensation systems.

Keywords: Job characteristics, working environment, patient-centered care behavior, Community Health Nurses, Ghana.

Title: Job Characteristics, Work Environment, and Patient-Centered Care: A Focus on Community Health Nurses in a Rural and Peri-Urban Municipality in Ghana

Author: Richard Boateng, Jake Aboagye

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 50-61

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 09-June-2022

Abstract: Introduction: Menopause means the natural and permanent stopping of the monthly female reproductive cycles. During this phase menopausal woman’s have many symptoms and difficulties such as hot flushes, headache, profuse night sweating, fatigue, hair loss, insomnia, weight gain, joint pain, muscle pain, dry skin, vaginal dryness and mood disorders. Yoga has been proved as an alternative therapy of various clinical conditions. 

Aim: To assess the effect of Trataka practices on women with menopausal symptoms. 

Method: Two group experimental pre post design were conducted on 60 menopausal women age range between 35 to 55 years35 to 55 years (y= 43.30±6.18, C= 40.10±5.37: Mean/SD). Thirty women in each group were divided into yoga and control group. Women having clinical physical and mental illness were excluded. Informed consent form was obtained from all the participants. Intervention group practiced Trataka session for 40 minutes per day for fifteen days. Control group followed their routine activity.  Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) assessed as pre and post on the day 1 and day 15 after intervention. 

Result: Total menopause symptoms reduced (58.81%, p<0.001) in yoga intervention group compared to control group. Somatic Symptoms reduced (57.74%, p<0.004), Psychological symptoms reduced (62.86%, p<0.001), Urogenital Symptoms reduced (60.29%, P<0.130) and the scores in the yoga group showed a reduction in score on all the subscales compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Fifteen days of Trataka practice is effective in reducing the total menopausal symptoms. 

Keywords: Trataka, Female, Yoga, Menopause, Total Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). 

Title: EFFECTS OF TRATAKA ON WOMEN HAVING MENOPAUSE SYMPTOMS

Author: K.S. Chethana, Satyapriya Maharana, Mangesh Pandey

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 43-49

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 08-June-2022