Vol 3 Issue 2 October 2015-March 2016

Abstract: Introduction: Vitamin D insufficiency is profoundly predominant among children around the world. The high rates of vitamin D inadequacy during childhood are of real general health pertinence, given the developing evidence that vitamin D insufficiency may assume a key part in the pathophysiology of numerous chronic diseases beyond rickets including immune system conditions, cardiovascular maladies, and cancer. Protein-energy malnutrition is likely to be associated with vitamin D intake deficiency among children.

Objective: Over the past two years, the number of studies relating vitamin D deficiency among children has increased significantly. The purpose of this study is to update and examine the evidence of the vitamin D deficiency and its relationship to children.

Methodology: Electronic databases were searched (no restriction-Nov, 2015) with no language restrictions and keywords related to children and vitamin D. We included studies of children younger than 7 years.

Results/Conclusion: the pediatric population in normal nutrition status shows a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency during the months of autumn and winter and, especially, in spring; the addition of vitamin supplements and/ or an increase in the ingestion of their natural dietary sources should be considered.

Keywords: Protein-energy malnutrition, deficiency and its relation, Vitamin D.

Title: Vitamin D deficiency and its relation to the children

Author: ALAA MAATOOQ HASIN ALWAGADANI, ABDULRAOUF HASSAN ABDULRAOUF ALAWUR, AHMED AWTHAH SAAD ALAHMARI

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: A fibrolipomatous hamartoma is a rare, benign, congenital lesion most commonly found in the median nerve. I report a case of a symptomatic fibrolipomatous hamartoma that necessitated surgical intervention in a 48-year-old man.

Keywords: fibrolipomatous hamartoma, nerve fascicles, median nerve.

Titile: Typical MRI Features of Median Nerve Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma in the Wrist: A Case Report

Author: Abdulaziz M. Alhadlaq

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: A fibrolipomatous hamartoma is a rare, benign, congenital lesion most commonly found in the median nerve. I report a case of a symptomatic fibrolipomatous hamartoma that necessitated surgical intervention in a 48-year-old man.

Keywords: fibrolipomatous hamartoma, nerve fascicles, median nerve.

Titile: Typical MRI Features of Median Nerve Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma in the Wrist: A Case Report

Author: Abdulaziz M. Alhadlaq.

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: As Healthcare is the right of every individual but the lack of quality infrastructure, acute shortage of qualified medical functionaries and non-access to basic medicines and medical facilities thwarts its reach to 60% of population of India. A majority of people lives in rural areas where the conditions of medical facilities is deplorable. Considering the picture of grim facts, consequently there is a dire need of new policies, practices and procedures to ensure that quality and timely healthcare reaches to the deprived corners of the Indian villages.

Keywords: Healthcare, Healthcare Infrastructure, Public Healthcare, Rural Healthcare System, Rural India.

Title: Rural Healthcare: Towards A Healthy India

Author: Gomita Verma, Prof. MoinUddin

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Pakistan has rich algal flora in the coastal and in shore water of northern Arabian Sea. Keeping in mind the importance of seaweeds and other marine resources, present study has been designed to evaluate the hematological activities of some marine resources collected from Karachi coast. The seaweeds which were collected and identified for study were Codium iyengarii (green algae), Codium flabellatum (green algae), Sargassum binderi (brown algae). Rabbits were used to investigate hematological effects of these seaweeds. The extracts of seaweed were given in the dose of 28mg/kg and slight decrease in Hemoglobin concentration, sight increase in ESR was seen by almost every type of seaweed with no significant effect on color index and hemoglobin content. This change in ESR is clinically important in establishing diagnosis and prognosis of certain diseases and also monitoring the response to therapy in certain inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: Hemoglobin concentration, sight increase in ESR , Codium iyengarii (green algae), Codium flabellatum (green algae), Sargassum binderi (brown algae).

Title: Hematological Screening of Some Seaweed Found At Karachi Coast

Author: Rahila Najam, Bushra Riaz, Muhammad Shaiq Ali, Iqbal Azhar

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This Observational prospective study involved 200 pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation irrespective of presence or absence of risk factors for GDM were considered for the study. The clinical profile of the study groups were analysed and the patients were categorized into 2 groups. Group I patient having clinical or historical risk factors for GDM and Group II patients without any risk factors. The occurrence of GDM in the two groups was evaluated and compared. 21% of the study population had positive screening for GDM by 50gm 1hour OGCT. Positive screening was more common in patients with risk factors for GDM as compared to those without risk factors. Overall prevalence of GDM was 4% in our population, 4.5% of patient with risk factor and 3.3% of patient without risk factors had GDM , the difference was not statistically significant. Our study concludes the fact that though the prevalence of GDM is low in our community, selective screening may still fail to detect a significant number of pregnant population with GDM. Hence universal screening for GDM should be recommended in all centres.

Keywords: GDM (GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS), OGCT, Observational prospective study.

Title: Universal Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): An Overview

Author: Kadri Yogesh Bangera, Anwar Basha Nilofar, Chethan K

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Background: Breast tumors are common worldwide, and various reports suggest an increasing incidence in Zambia. Breast lesions can be of various types from inflammatory to benign to malignant.

Some lesions are common in young females while others are more common in elderly age group. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of inflammatory, benign and malignant breast lesions and age related pattern of presentation of patients with various breast lesions.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of histology reports on breast disease from 1991 to 2008 was done. The case records of all the patients who presented to the Nchanga South Hospital January 2006 to January 2008 with breast disease were studied.  The information gathered was entered on a questionnaire which   was formulated for the purpose. 

Results: During the study period 4,565 requests for histology were made. Sixty three patients were admitted to the hospital for breast disease from January 2006 to January 2008. The youngest patient found was 2 years old and the oldest was 69. The mean age was 32 years. A total of 108 breast tumors were diagnosed during the study period, of which 78 (72%) were benign, and 30(28%) were malignant. Fibroadenoma was the commonest benign breast tumor followed by fibrocystic change, and they accounted for 50% and 25.4% of benign breast tumors respectively. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant malignant tumour diagnosed with the prevalence of 87%.

Conclusions: We conclude that breast diseases are common among our women and the fact that those women with non-acute diseases tend to report to health institutions late is a worrying problem that needs the attention of health authorities.

Keywords: Breast Lump, Carcinoma, Benign, Fibro adenoma, Breast disease.

Title: A Review of Breast Diseases in Chingola

Author: Duncan D Mugala, Professor Nathan Siulapwa, Alick Mwambungu, Muleya Mwila

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The Study aims at ascertaining the most appropriate communication media to be used in bringing about improvement in nutritional knowledge, attitudinal change in children for sustainable development. 300 School goers (13- 15 years), 150 boys were selected randomly from Nagpur (Maharashtra) and Chennai (Tamil Nadu)  further grouped as normal weight ,overweight and underweight based on BMI for age percentile. Questionnaire was the tool framed to collect data from respondents. Communication media comprising of power point presentation was used. Pre and post tests were conducted to assess the gain in knowledge. The result reveals that the awarness toward nutrition was positive before presentation and showed more than 10% of improvement in gaining knowledge in nutritional awareness, physical activity and lifestyle, where as only 2% to 3% progress was observed in the parameters of Food group, Nutrients , Deficiency disorders and  healthy habit s. Over all boys interest to introduce high-nutrient foods and variety in their diet increased significantly. 0% of improvement was shown by Nagpur boys towards adopting healthy habits. Thus imparting nutrition education improved the knowledge score of all the respondent in all the parameters, which if continued in future, can have long lasting effect on improvement of nutritional status and healthy lifestyle.

Keywords: School going boys, Questionnaire, Communication media, Nutrition Education.

Title: Impact of Nutrition Education on School Boys (13 to 15 years) in Nagpur and Chennai for Sustainable Development

Author: M. K. Sabharwal, D.Kotwal

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder often characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to recognize what is real. Main objective of this review is to diagnose an illness at its first stage or before it’s spread-out by combining scientific and classical knowledge. Here I want to present the method of diagnosing the illness like schizophrenia. Multi-Perspective Palm Reading system is used for this entire research work. Obtaining the handprints of the people with such ailment and examine them. After examining, all hand signs are divided into perspective levels of Multi-Perspective Palm Reading system. In addition to this hand signs are ranked by Log Odd Ratios. Finally we can sort out of major hand signs of indicating schizophrenia. As a result of this I confirm that hand can be used as an instrument in order to diagnose illness. In conclusion I emphasize the fact that prevention is better than cure. I further confirm that good humor and cure should continue in this world as a living condition with the power of medical science combined with palmistry.

Keywords:  Multi perspective palm reading, schizophrenia.

Title: Diagnosing Schizophrenia through Hand Analysis

Author: Dr. Kanchana Kohombange

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Paracetamol; a drug widely used in management of pain and fever. This research aims to evaluate the Efficacy of paracetamol in the reduction of edema. Croton oil and acetone solution was used to induce the edema. The rats were administered with paracetamol for 21 days after which the croton oil and acetone solution was applied to the inner surface of right ear and same amount of acetone was applied to the left ear while the control group received normal saline also for 21 days. The edema was measured by the difference between the weights of the cut ear tissue which was confirmed by histological analysis. The result showed that there was about 88.46% edema inhibition as compared to the control. Furthermore, the histological findings revealed a significant decrease in edema and inflammation as well as less tissue congestion in the paracetamol group as compared to the control. From this study, paracetomol has shown a promising result in reducing edema and also exhibited some level of ant-inflammatory properties. Thus, this can be helpful in suppressing mild to moderate sub cutaneous tissue edema as well eliciting some ant-inflammatory effect.

Keywords: Paracetamol, edema, inflammation, neutrophils, tissues.

Title: Evaluating the potential Anti-edema effect of Paracetamol on Sprague-Dawley rats

Author: Umar Ibrahim Maryam, Nordin Simbak, Ibrahim Haruna Sani, Atif Amin Baig, Umar Faruk Abdullahi , Rufa’i Umar Zubair, Aliya I.S, Thant Zin, Swethadri GKM , Hadiza Abdullahi Abubakar 

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The present study was conducted to determine the metal content of Lawsonia inermis Linn leaves for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to determine the metal content of leaves of Lawsonia inermis Linn. The results reveal that the metals Na, K, Mn, Cr, Fe, Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, and Pb are present in 1ppm, 16ppm, 25ppm, 1.9ppm, 26ppm, 13ppm, 11ppm, 17ppm, 33ppm and 0.019ppm quantities respectively. Most of metals are found below the recommended tolerance limit of world health organization. Lawsonia inermis Linn leaves contain metals which are within the recommendation ranges and can be used for curative purposes.

Keywords: Lawsonia inermis Linn, FAAS, Ash, Metals.

Title: Determination of Metal Content in Lawsonia Inermis Linn by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Author: Mamoona Nigha, Maryam Nazeer

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The quality of health care rendered to patients is usually measured by using the patients’ level of satisfaction as one of the indicators. This cross- sectional descriptive study was conducted to determine the patients’ level of satisfaction on the nursing care they received as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the care rendered by nurses in Saudi Arabia. This study involved participants (n= 100) who were confined in one of the tertiary hospitals in a province of Riyadh. A questionnaire dealing with the physical, spiritual, emotional, and cognitive aspects of nursing care was utilized. Results revealed that patients were generally highly satisfied in all four aspects; however, patients were only moderately satisfied on the maintenance of a quiet, well- lighted, and ventilated room— a component of the physical aspect of care. Overall, this study shows that nurses ensure that all four aspects of care are rendered to patients while considering each patient’s individuality. A set of recommendations were given for further improvements in nursing care. It is believed that this will result in better management of patients’ condition and better patient outcomes.

Keywords: Patients’ Satisfaction, Nursing Care, Saudi Arabia.

Title: Patients’ Level of Satisfaction on the Care Rendered By Nurses in Saudi Arabia

Author: Jerry Abriam, Mahgram Alamri, Arnel Sonido

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been one of a major public health problem in Sudan that leads to medical consequences. It causes multifactorial in etiology such as menstrual dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia and obesity which increased risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The present study was designed to assess serum prolactin and insulin resistance in PCOS Sudanese women and to compare them with healthy women as controls.

Materials and Methods: This study, was a descriptive, analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based study, carried in Khartoum- State- Sudan; it was carried out in March 2013 to May 2014. 200 women with PCOS were enrolled   in this study, they compared with 100 healthy women as control group, all of them were age-and weight-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting, then serum insulin and prolactin levels were analyzed using ELISA technique and enzymatic colorimetric method. Data management and analysis was done by using Microsoft excel and SPSS software, version 20.00.

Results: The patients with PCOS, having a mean age of 29.61± 5.4 years and mean age 31.23±4.93 years of control group, were included in the study, in PCOS group the (mean ± SD) of serum insulin, prolactin and blood glucose were11.06±6.21 µIU/ml,397.95±25.17 ng/ml, 95.75±22.53 mg/dl, respectively while that of control group, the (mean ± SD) of serum insulin, prolactin and blood glucose were 4.52±1.60 µIU/ml, 249.15±25.76 ng/ml and 80.35±11.76 mg/dl respectively. There was statistically significant increased levels insulin, prolactin and blood glucose in PCOS group when compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: It concluded that there was significantly higher fasting insulin, glucose and HOMA in PCOS

Patients, indicates presence of insulin resistance. IR may have a potential role in the prediction of dysglycemic disease in women with PCOS. Our study, observed that there was no any correlation between serum prolactin, serum insulin and BMI in the study group.

Keywords: PCOS, Insulin resistance and serum prolactin, Sudanese.

Title: Evaluation of Serum Prolactin and Insulin Resistance in Sudanese Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Author: Omer Mohamed Shoaib

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The pain of childbirth is arguably one of the most severe types of pain a woman will experience in her lifetime.  For labor analgesia several non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic methods are adopted of which regional analgesia is considered the gold standard. In our study 50 patients ASA grade 2 were allotted in two groups, group 1 was epidural group and group 2 was tramadol group.  Epidural group received 10ml bolus of 0.125% ropivacaine plus 2ugm/ml fentany1 after sitting the epidural catheter when the mother was in true labour pains. Tramadol group received 1mg/kg tramadol intramuscular when the laboring woman was in true labour pains and repeated every 3-4 hrs and the duration of 1st stage, 2nd stage, pain relief was measured using the visual analogue scale, fetal outcome using the APGAR score, mode of delivery, and maternal satisfaction as regards to pain relief was observed and compared in either group. The duration of 1st and 2nd stage were found to be shorter in the epidural group than tramadol group and the pain relief was better in epidural group and statistically highly significant with P value of <0.001. Epidural labour analgesia provides clinically highly significant pain relief in laboring women and it has no adverse effect on the maternal or fetal outcome when low dose of local anesthetic and opoid is used.

Keywords: Epidural labour analgesia, Ropivacaine, tramadol injection, Visual analogue scale.

Title: A Comparison Between Epidural and IM Tramadol for Painless Labor

Author: Kadri Yogesh Bangera, Prathashwini Shetty Bhaskar,Chethan K

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Gingival augmentation procedures are primarily indicated to increase an inadequate amount of gingiva and to cease the progression of gingival recession.

Keywords: Gingival augmentation procedures, Increase Keratinized Tissue.

Title: Free Gingival Grafts to Increase Keratinized Tissue: A Case Series

Author: DR. PRATIBHA BORASI, DR. PRANEETA KAMBLE

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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