Vol 4 Issue 2 October 2016-March 2017

Abstract: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been shown to be an affordable treatment for osteoarthritis of the hip and uses patient’s relief of pain, improved function and significant enhancement in quality of life. The propose of this review was to evaluate the two procedures for Total hip arthroplasty (THA) which are the anterior and posterior bilateral hip arthroplasties, by reviewing the advantage and disadvantage of each method, and demonstrate different outcomes of each procedure through based evidence human trails. We conducted a literature search of Medline (PubMed), the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. We used exploded MeSH terms and key words to generate sets for the following themes: Total Hip Arthroplasty and Surgical Approach. We then used the Boolean term “AND” to find their intersection. No limits were used, including no language limits. This basic approach was modified as necessary to search each electronic database. The posterior method stays a popular direct exposure for THA. The advantages of the posterior method include surgeon familiarity, excellent direct exposure of the thigh, and conservation of the gluteus medius and minimus. Nevertheless, a high incidence of posterior dislocation has been reported with this direct exposure by many authors. The increased incidence of dislocation has actually been credited to the division of the posterior hip pill and external rotators and acetabular component malposition. In some RCTs Patients in the direct anterior group attained some, however not all, functional turning points previously than the patients in the posterior group. Keywords: Total hip arthroplasty, posterior bilateral hip arthroplasties. Title: Systematic review of Anterior Versus Posterior Simultaneous Bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasties Author: Mohammed Hadi Abass Hakami, Ismail Mohammed H Otayn, Alhumaid, Tariq Majed A International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Reoccurring Laryngeal Nerve Palsy (RLNP) is a recognized possible complication following thyroid and parathyroid surgery and may lead to significant comorbidity to the patient (4,6). Symptoms may vary in severity and in minor cases RLNP may take place undiscovered. Hoarseness might take place after RLNP. The aim of this study was to discuss the complications associated with RLNP after thyroidectomy and the different mode of strategies to avoid this devastating condition. We performed a literature search using the PubMed and Medline database up to 2016. The following keywords were used ‘recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy’, ‘thyroidectomy’, ‘thyroid operations, complications’ and ‘evaluation’. The search was restricted to English-language literature and human evidence trails. We also checked the reference lists of all studies identified for more eligible study to be included in our review. Significantly higher RLNP rates were shown after operations for thyroid cancer, Graves' disease, and reoccurring goiter, in lots of research studies consisted of in our review the irreversible and short-term RLNP was shown when cases of preoperative cable palsy and deliberate sacrifice of the RLN were left out in. Different approaches of localizing the RLN have been explained, cosmetic surgeons should be conscious of the variations and have a comprehensive knowledge of regular anatomy in order to attain a high standard of care. This will guarantee the stability and safety of the RLN in thyroid surgery. Keywords: Thyroidectomy, Reoccurring Laryngeal Nerve Palsy. Title: Review of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in patients after Thyroidectomy Author: Turki H. Alturaifi, Abdulrahman F. Alharbi, Alhumaid, Asma Majed A, Maha Saeed ALdosari, Ahmed Mohammed Ali Alrufaydi, Saad Mohammed Saad Jahfal International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this successful updated review study was to overview the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, and demonstrate the most updated evidence in this topic, we also aimed to discuss the treatment of both diseases. PubMed and Embase were searched for eligible studies that discussing the pathogenesis background of the most common two inflammatory bowel diseases (CD&UC) up to November 2016, search strategy used MeSH ⁄ EMTREE terms and free text words, and included sub-searches related to the index test, target condition, study population and publication type. The etiology is complicated, the most extensively accepted hypothesis purports CD as an immune-mediated condition in genetically vulnerable people, where disease onset is set off by environmental aspects that irritate the mucosal barrier, alter the healthy balance of the gut microbiota, and unusually stimulate gut immune responses. If an individual has a genetic susceptibility to infections, the down guideline of a swelling in the bowel wall does not happen in an appropriate method. This initiates the auto-immune process which is a self-increasing cycle. Extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD are of high significance due to the fact that they cannot just follow intestinal signs, but precede them by years. Keywords: Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC). Title: Pathogenesis of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis; Systematic Review Author: Abdulaziz Mahmoud Dwaib, Abrar Saeed Baraweih, Ahmad Abdulmajeed Abed, Amal Saeed Alamoudi, Faisal Abdullah Aljedani International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Biomarkers of all types have actually been utilized by generations of researchers, physicians, and epidemiologists to study human disease. The application of biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of heart disease, infections, hereditary and immunological conditions. This systematic review aimed to discuss and evaluate the potential uses of biomarkers in detection of human despises through based evidence previous trails. Electronics search was performed through different databases such Midline, and Embase and the date last searched was November 2016. Results were screened manually to identify relevant publications based on title and/or abstract. Publications that did not focus on the identification or evaluation of biomarkers were excluded. Several evidance have found that a majority of diseases might not be connected to a disease-specific protein biomarker in either the blood plasma or urine proteomes. Amongst the unique disease conditions represented in the microarray information. Keywords: Biomarkers, Potential uses, diagnosis and management of heart disease. Title: Systematic Reveiw of Potential Uses of Biomarkers in Human Disease Identification Author: Hanin Hamad Almdhour, Raghad Mubarak Aljuhaysh, Arwa Ruwayshid K Alanazi, Asma Naeem Motared Alruwili, Abdullah Saleh K Alanazi, Asma Hamoud Alruwaili, Shadia Abdulrahman Aloufi, Maryam Mutarid Alruwaili, Aminah Abdullah Alhussain, Wafa Owied Al Shammri International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with high morbidity and mortality due to the development of extra-pancreatic and pancreatic necrosis, their subsequent infection and multisystem organ failure. We aimed by this overview study to discuss the complications mostly occur during or following an Acute pancreatitis, and also we intend to discuss the treatment strategies for AP and these complications following after. We conducted an electronic search for the major databases; MIDLINE, and Embase for all relevant studies that could be eligible for the aim of our review, and this included all studies publish through past period up to December 2016, we searched by using some Mesh terms such; acute pancreatitis, complications, AP, sever acute pancreatitis, treatment of AP, antibiotic for AP.The management of AP varies depending on the severity and the type of problem that requires treatment. The primary principle of intervention for example in necrotizing pancreatitis is that there is no unique treatment that is ideal for all patients. The best method is a multidisciplinary one that is versatile to the individual patient. For that reason, for the management of such complicated disease entities, a multidisciplinary team method is necessary, and the final selection of the optimum treatment of sever AP will depend upon numerous factors, consisting of the expertise offered at an offered center, specific patient qualities and risk assessment findings. Keywords: Acute Pancreatitis, MIDLINE. Title: Overview of Complication and Management of Acute Pancreatitis Author: Ahmed abdulghani abdulmajeed sindi, Nasser Awadh Saeed Alshehri, Saleh Hassan Abdullah Almuntashiri, Rayan azeb alharthi, Faris AbdulAziz Jawmin, Mohammed Nawar Awadh Aljuaid, Maram Saeed Al Bogami, Fahad saud fahad aljuaid, Sultan meshal eidah Alrabie, Turki muteb s alotaibi, Tawfiq Zuhair Abdullah Al Laylah International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Aim: to review the efficacy and safety of androgen supplementation in symptomatic male patients. Method: we reviewed patients with androgen deficiency with no pituitary or testicular disease. Patients with chronic diseases excluded. We followed the United State Androgen Replacement Society guidelines. Results: One Hundred and Twenty three male patients above 60 years of age diagnosed to have androgen deficiency in endocrinology clinic at King Abdulaziz University hospital. Generalized body pain, fatigability and decrease sexual desire were the commonest complaints in those patients. The levels of testosterone were low with normal gonadotropins hormone. They treated by injection of long action testosterone. They improved clinically with no side effects been countered. Conclusion: low androgen in healthy middle or old age is not uncommon. Treatment of androgen deficiency is mandatory which improve the wellbeing and relieves nearly all the symptoms. The safety needs more studies with large number and longer period. Keywords: androgen, testosterone, elderly male patients. Title: Androgen Deficiency and the Efficacy of Replacement in Elderly Male Patients Author: Prof. Abdulrahman Alshaikh, Dr. Alshaymaa Abdulrahman Alshaikh, Dr. Hind Sajdi Alatawi., Dr. Arwa Meshal Alshaikh, Maged Mazen Fageeh, Mohammed Abdulrahman Alshaikh International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: To assess the outcome and safety of Radioactive iodine (RAI) in hyperthyroid patients at Dr Solieman Fageeh Hospital. Methodology: It is a retrospective study of all patients of hyperthyroidism treated by Radioactive Iodine (RAI) seen in endocrinology clinic at DR Solieman Fageeh Hospital in Jeddah, Saudia Arabia. More than 800 patients diagnosed to have hyperthyroid been treated by RAI. They proved to have hyperthyroidism by thyroid function test (TSH, FT4 and T3) and isotopes scanning of the thyroid gland. All received 20 mci of RAI and were then followed up after one month and every two months thereafter for at least one year. The efficacy of the therapy was assessed by the improvement of the clinical features and by the thyroid function tests and any side effect been noted. Results: A total of 837 patients were treated by RAI at Dr Solieman fgeeh hospital in the last five years from 2010-2015. There mean age was 36.5±10.64 years. Five hundred fifty three were female and two hundred eighty four were male. Graves disease was the underlying cause in 517 patients [61.7%], toxic multinodular goiter in 213 patients [25.4%] and toxic adenoma in 107 patients [12.7%]. The symptoms improved after one month only in 33 patients but others required antithyroid treatment for two months. Only 21 patients remained hyperthyroid after six months of treatment (2.5%). Conclusion: Radioactive iodine is very effective in treatment of hyperthyroidism with minor side effects such as weight gain, fatigability and hypothyroidism. Keywords: Hyperthyroidism Treatment, Radioactive iodine. Title: Outcome of Hyperthyroidism Treatment by Radioactive Iodine Author: Prof. Abdulrahman Al sheikh, Abdulmalik Ghassan, Abdulrahman Mufti Al sadiqi, Maged Mazen Fageeh, Yousef Ibrahim Mufti, Mohammed Abdurahman Alshaikh International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Factor XII deficiency (Hageman Factor) is a very rare coagulation disorder. The role of FXII is that it acts as an activator of Factor XI. Activation of Factor XI leads to the initiation of the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. Most patients with confirmed FXII deficiency are asymptomatic. Little is known about natural history and clinical presentations of individuals affected with this rare entity. We describe a case of 2 year old girl who was referred to the pediatric hematology clinic for further investigation after she was found to have an isolated prolonged activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT). She was found incidentally after coagulation profile was performed. She was completely asymptomatic. Historically, Factor XII has been associated with thromboembolic events rather than bleeding symptoms. Majority of cases reported have no symptoms at all at time of diagnosis and no history of bleeding. Our patient was known to have a history of Developmental Dislocation of the Hip and Strabismus with past surgical history of two surgery without any bleeding complications. Keywords: Prolong PPT, Factor XII. Title: Saudi boy with Factor XII Deficiency Case Report Author: Ibrahim Al-Harbi, Abdulaziz Saleh Althobaiti, Enas Hasan Alahmadi International Journal of Healthcare Science ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Breastfeeding and human milk are widely acknowledged as the gold standard for infant feeding and advised by peak bodies such as the American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization (WHO). Human milk is especially important for preterm infants (infants born <37 weeks' gestational age) as these are the tiniest, most susceptible infants. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate studies that using testing Wight to measure the preterm infant breastfeeding, we also aimed to discuss the benefits of breastfeeding for preterm infants through wide variety of evidence worldwide. We searched PubMED/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Dialog databases between 1980-2016 with English language restriction but limited to “human” (Search strategy terms: “preterm infants” OR “premature infants” OR “low birth-weight” OR “low birthweight” OR LBW OR “very low birthweight” OR “very low birthweight” OR VLBW OR (extremely low birth weight) OR ELBW OR infant OR newborn OR neonat*) AND (nutrition OR formula* OR “infant formula” OR milk OR “preterm formula” OR growth OR “infant nutrition”). This weighing efficiency is insufficient for dependable measurement of small increments in weight, as is needed for test weighing. Although more sensitive scales need to show smaller standard deviations with repeated measurements, the fragile handling required to operate them makes their usage impractical for test weighing purposes. screening weighing seems dependable, simple, medically useful method for examining milk intake in breast fed preterm infants. a number of research studies suggest that test weighing of a single feed is too inaccurate to be of clinical use and ought to be discouraged. Keywords: American Academy of Pediatrics, Determine preterm infants feeding. Title: Determine Preterm Infants Feeding By Testing Weight; Systematic Review Author: ALMUTAIRI, FAHAD MOHAMMED O, BADER OBAID K ALSHAMMARI, HAMOUD MOHAMMED ALSHAYA, WAZQAR, ABRAR ALI A, FALEMBAN, ABDULHAKAM ABADI S International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Education has been slow to meet the changing demands of the modern world, but the expanding knowledge in many fields with its modifying effects on the curriculum and the advancing technologies with their effect on the instructional process leave no choice to education but to review its practices and to make the major changes necessary for today’s world. The perception regarding technological advancement is less in nursing education due to lack of infrastructure, lack of exposure and lack of knowledge to access information and barrier hidden and view. This study helps us to analyses the perception and find out the opinion of nursing students and faculty regarding necessary modifications in the nursing education with new strategies. A Descriptive Qualitative Design was adopted and a convenient sampling technique was used. With help of structured questionnaire data was collected and findings revealed that 69% of students and 58.6% of faculty agreed that technological advancement will improve the skills and knowledge in nursing education and also helps to improve the quality of patient care and our profession too. Keywords: Descriptive Qualitative Design, Opinion of Nursing Students. Title: A Study to Analyse the Perception of Nursing Students and Faculty with Emerging Technologies in Nursing Education Author: Nandakumar Srinivasan International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Crohn’s disease is a chronic (long-term) inflammatory disease of the bowel (intestines). It primarily affects the small and large bowel, but can occur anywhere in the digestive tract. The inflammation causes uncomfortable and bothersome symptoms and may result in serious damage to the digestive tract. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea and weight loss are the most obvious symptoms. Making a definitive diagnosis is difficult, possibly requiring many different tests performed over a long period of time. Crohn’s disease is one of the two major types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); the main difference between the two conditions is that, whereas Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, ulcerative colitis affects only the large bowel and the rectum. The number of people with Crohn’s disease in New Zealand is not known but it has been estimated that nearly 17 in every 100,000 people in Canterbury have the disease, which is one of the highest reported rates in the world. Regional population differences may partially explain the high rate, as Crohn’s disease is more common in Caucasian people than in Maori or Pacific Island people. Keywords: Crohn’s disease in New Zealand, intestines. Title: Crohn's Disease Author: Afraa Salama Alenezy, Woroud Mohammed Alharthi, Eida Mohammed Alharthi, Asmaa Fawzi Hijji, Rowa Fahad Arqasous International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represent 90% to 95% of malignant neoplasms developing from the kidney. Current advances in surgical and systemic treatments have actually significantly altered the management of RCC. Therefore, This review aimed to discuss and evaluate the most common complications and outcomes Associated with Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma, through different trails from all around the world, which are based evidence ones. We performed a comprehensive review of the literature based on free-text search in the National Library of Medicine Database MEDLINE using the following keywords: partial-nephrectomy, nephron-sparing surgery, cytoreductive-nephrectomy and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Filtered for human trails, articles published in English to November 2016 were included in this article. Surgical resection represents the requirement of take care of handling patients with kidney masses. Radical nephrectomy is the gold requirement for bigger kidney masses, whereas nephron-sparing PN is the preferred treatment modality for T1a growths. NSS, when possible, might be a feasible option for surgical debulking in metastatic RCC. For patients with primary growths open to NSS, developed prognostic factors can be utilized for patient choice. Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), systemic treatments, Surgical Management, bigger kidney masses. Title: Complications and Outcomes Associated With Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Review Author: Faisal Mansour Alsenani, Meshal saleh ali alsadeq, Omar Mohammed Omar, Nawwaf jamaan Althobaiti, Mohammed Ghazi Alsaedi, Khalid Faisal Alharbi, Dhaifallah barrak alziadi International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The value of health education to the community about contagious diseases was highlighted as early as 1988 when a manual published by the World Health Organization pointed out that no other media creates such vibrant interest as tv. Television programs such as Sesame Street. We performed a comprehensive search of a large number of computerized databases restricted to the English language from inception to November, 2016 (MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Network). Search terms were related to education, infectious diseases, population, and community. This review showed that the educational interventions show efficacy for the prevention of infectious disease in community, studies using validated educational tools and that are clearly described, easily reproducible, and widely generalizable are needed. different approaches of educational showed a beneficial result such those trails among children and schoolchildren which evaluate the video images, and training programs in hygiene which showed a significant reduce of many infection diseases among the same population. Keywords: World Health Organization, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Network. Title: Impact of Educational intervention to prevent infectious diseases in community medicine Author: Maryam Mudhhi Alshehri, Salwa Mohammad Albalawi International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its associated disease outcomes are a growing concern worldwide. Effective diabetes management in Family practice can reduce the occurrence and progression of many further complications. A comprehensive search was carried out using electronic databases (Medline, Embase and HealthStar) search was performed by Authors using the following Mesh headings: Family Practice or General Practice, and Primary care, diabetes Mellitus, Glucose intolerance, prevention, Quality Control or Continuous Quality Improvement of diabetes prevention. The search was limited to English language journals and to the period from January 1980 to September 2016. Developing performance indicators for primary health care organisations more specifically focusing on the assessment and management of behavioural risk factors in patients at risk of developing DM could help pervention in primary care. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus (DM), Electronic Databases (Medline, Embase and HealthStar). Title: Optimal Prevention and Management of Diabetes in Family Medicine Author: Alharthi, Saif Abdullah M, Alhamyani, Abdulmajeed Hamed M, Al- Kurayzi, Majed. Hassan, Rami Abdullah Alsuwat, Ahmad Faisal Albishry, Alzahrani Mohammed Khalid H, Omar Mousa Awad Alshamrani, Abdullah Ali Mobarki International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: To determine the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroid in our population and to determine the clinical character of those patients. To determine age and sex distribution of sub clinical hypothyroidism cases to determine the association of sub clinical hypothyroidism with some clinical symptoms and some biochemical lab investigations. Methods: Retrospective study where we reviewed all thyroid function test done in our hospital from 2009- mid of 2015. Results: the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is 7% and more common in female. Conclusions: subclinical hypothyroidism is not rare and associated with hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease and should be treated if indicated. Keywords: Subclinical Hypothyroid, All Thyroid Function, Biochemical Lab. Title: Subclinical Hypothyroidism Age & Sex Distribution Association with Some Symptoms & Lab Investigations Author: Prof. Abdulrahman Alshaikh, Dr.Hind Sajdi Alatawi, Dr. Alshaymaa Abdulrahman Alshaikh International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Research Publish Journals