Vol 7 Issue 2 October 2019-March 2020

Abstract: The Authors describes their experience of diodi-L.A.S.E.R. assisted tonsillar reduction in pediatric patients. They show 261 cases of adenoidectomy and tonsillar reduction and discuss on clinical indications of this tecnique.

Keywords: Diodi - L.A.S.E.R, tonsillar reduction, adenoidectomy.

Title: Diodi-L.A.S.E.R. assisted tonsillar reduction our experience

Author: Francesco Asprea, Giulia Lucchesi, Gregorio Micali, Francesco Carfì

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This research investigated the roles of psychological capital (hope, resilience, self-efficacy & optimism), burden of care and demographic variables in predicting psychological wellbeing (PWB) of needy single parents. Using standardized questionnaires, data were collected from 282 needy single parents (males = 134, females = 148; mean age = 49.23 years) in selected NGOs in Lagos, Nigeria, by a purposive sampling method. Based on the review of related literature, 5 hypotheses were stated, with both descriptive and inferential statistics applied to test them. The result from the first hypothesis showed that, there is a significant joint contribution of psychological capital and burden of care to PWB among needy single parents [R = .85; R2= .72; F (5, 282) = 141.79; p<.01], with a 72% variance in PWB being accounted for by the predictor variables. Independent contributions showed that hope (β = .14; t = 2.11; P<.05); self-efficacy (β = .13; t = 2.28; P<.05); and burden of care (β = -.45; t = -6.73; P<.01) contributed to PWB, with burden of care having the most.  Result from second hypothesis showed that, needy single parents with absence of health problems resulting from their caregiver roles reported significantly higher PWB than their counterparts with presence of health problems resulting from their caregiver role (t = -2.90; df = 280; P< .01), and a point biserial analysis showed an effect size of 17% from the statistical significance. Descriptive statistics showed that participants with health problems resulting from caregiver role as single parents, reported problems as, body pains and headaches, anxiety problems, suicidal ideation, high blood pressure, excessive aggression, sleep problems and fatigue. Result from third hypothesis, showed that needy single parents that are beneficiaries to more than one social welfare organizations reported significantly higher PWB than their counterparts that are beneficiaries to only one social welfare organization (t = -3.57; df = 280; P< .01), and a point biserial analysis showed an effect size of 21% from the statistical significance. Result from fourth hypothesis showed that there was no significant sex difference in PWB between male and female needy single parents (t = -0.81; df = 280; P>.05). Results from fifth hypothesis, showed that there was a significant joint contribution of needy single parents’ age and the number of children raised to PWB [R = .16; R2= .03; F (2, 282) = 3.52; P<.05], with a 3% variance in PWB being accounted for the predictor variables. The independent contributions showed that, only number of children raised contributed to PWB of needy single parents (β = -.16; t = -2.62; P<.05), and that when the number of children raised is high, it is a barrier to the PWB of needy single parents.

Keywords: Psychological Capital, Burden of Care, Demographic Variables, Psychological Wellbeing (PWB).

Title: PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL, BURDEN OF CARE AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING AMONG NEEDY SINGLE PARENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

Author: OGUEJI, A. Ifeanyichukwu, Prof. OLLEY, O. Benjamin

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Appendicitis remains an intriguing disease entity, and there are severe unresolved postulations in the mind of clinicians worldwide. The primary concern is the likelihood of progression to perforation and the potential implications in contemporary African settings. A systematic review study has not been carried out for appendicitis research in Africa.

Aim: To examine the literature critically and to present an update on current controversies on acute appendicitis with some particular emphasis on contemporary African settings.

Method: A review of publications obtained from Medline search, medical libraries, and Google.

Results: Twenty-four audits were included in the quantitative analysis. Some were excluded from the subgroup analyses. Negative appendicectomies occurred at a rate of 18 % (488/3 862). Women were more likely to have a negative appendicectomy than men (32% versus 12%, p < 0.02). The perforation rate for appendicectomy patients was 28% (880/3 480), and the mortality rate was 3% (522/3 454). The current global research efforts are focused on the role of 'antibiotics' in the treatment and genetics of acute appendicitis

Conclusion: Appendicitis remains a significant health challenge in Africa due to the attendant high incidence of perforations and complications. The current trend suggests that a nonsurgical, antibiotic approach in the treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis may be beneficial but remains 'controversial' with very low acceptance in Africa. This article reviews the current 'state of the art' in the evaluation and management of appendicitis that is leading to stratified care for patients, mainly in contemporary African settings.

Keywords: Appendicitis; Appendicectomy; Pathophysiology; Contemporary African Setting; Trends.

Title: CURRENT TRENDS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN AFRICA: A CLINICAL REVIEW

Author: Alegbeleye Bamidele Johnson

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: We sought to carry out a critical evaluation of the traditional medical practice (TMP) and to review some of the ‘claims,’ the outcomes of use, and the general knowledge of the benefits as well as the safety of herbal medicines (HM) as seen among residents in the northwestern region of Cameroon.

Method: English literature on TMP and herbal medicine (HM) were reviewed. The qualitative study utilized a structured interview- proforma covering:  i) Some local traditional medical practitioners (TMPs) that were interviewed about their practice; ii) The patients and their care-givers who invariably have been treated by TMPs were interviewed. 

Results:  This paper discusses the different traditional health care services, and newly documented medicinal plants in Cameroon. Moreover, ‘African traditional medicine’ is typically an indigenous system of health care and not synonymous with ‘alternative and complementary medicine.’ Notwithstanding the untoward effects experienced by patients, African traditional medicine is enjoying good patronage, mainly in our rural communities.

Conclusions: African traditional medicine as a holistic health care system is organized into three levels of specialty, namely divination, spiritualism, and herbalism. For the sole reasons of traditional medicine (TM) being enmeshed in local traditions, culture, and taboos make the practices acceptable and hence, highly demanded by the population. Nonetheless, some TMP ‘claims’ of successes are ‘not verifiable’ in its entirety. Finally, there is a growing demand for collaboration and integration of TM and biomedical practices as advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO); to harness the gains by all and sundry.

Keywords: Traditional medicine, Traditional medical practitioners, Orthodox medicine, Healthcare system, Cameroon.

Title: TRADITIONAL MEDICAL PRACTICE: AN APPRAISAL OF THE EXPERIENCE IN CAMEROON

Author: Alegbeleye Bamidele Johnson

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The antro-coanal polyp is a neoformation originating from the maxillary sinus occupying the homolateral nasal fossa extending to the nasopharynx. The therapy is generally surgical and takes place through endoscopic surgery. In this work a neoformation of this kind is described which massively invaded nasopharynx and oropharynx whose removal was carried out radically through the oropharynx. The completeness of the excision was checked with a nasal endoscopic approach. The uncommon size and the oropharyngeal removal make this clinical case remarkable.

Keywords: antro-coanal polyp, maxillary sinus, nasopharynx, oropharynx.

Title: Giant polypoid formation arising from the maxillary sinus and massively involving nasopharynx and oropharynx: case report

Author: Francesco Asprea, Francesco Carfì, Gregorio Micali, Giulia Lucchesi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The study investigated the influence of Cola nitida on sweat after its consumption in relation to sweat rate in the male and female human subjects. Sixty (60) non-obese volunteers (30 males and 30 females) and non-habitual Cola nut chewers, aged 18-28years were recruited for the study. They were sub-divided into three (3) subgroups: underweight (n=10), normal weight (n=10) and overweight (n=10) for each gender. Subjects with hypertension, kidney and heart-related conditions were excluded from the study. Three environmental conditions were involved: The normal chamber temperature, the raised chamber temperature and third condition was the normal chamber temperature with exercise at moderate workload of 750J/minute for 20 minutes. The three conditions were before taking Cola nitida. Before entering the sweat chamber, the subject was told to void the bladder in preparation for the timed urine volume measurement and immediately after the experiment in the sweat chamber, the subject also voided urine for measurement. 0.5g/kg body weight of Cola nitida was administered to each subject and chewed as a bolus, under each of the three experimental conditions. After ingestion, 50ml of deionized water was given to each volunteer to flush the masticated Cola nitida down the gut and the subject was allowed to rest for 90 minutes before being admitted into the sweat chamber. The sweat capsule technique was used in sweat collection, after which the sweat rate was estimated accordingly. Conclusively, Cola nitida significantly influenced fluid loss via the sweat glands. Therefore, some caution should be applied in the consumption of Cola nitida by human subjects (even among those already adapted to Cola nut eating), especially under raised temperature and exercise conditions.         

Keywords: Cola nitida, sweat rate, sweat chamber.

Title: THE EFFECTS OF COLA NITIDA ON SWEAT RATE OF INDIVIDUALS WITH VARYING DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE

Author: Igbinovia, E.N.S, Ugwu, A.C, Ohiwerei, W.O, Shelu, O.J, Oyakhire, M.O

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this research was to forecast trends in restorative dental care over the next two decades as well as to determine therapy goals and equivalent residential or commercial properties of restorative materials.

Methods: Using the Delphi method, a panel of 3 specialists identified 8 key questions, which were sent out to specialists in restorative as well as preventive dentistry. In round 1 of this survey, 15 international specialists designed a more clear semantic interpretation of the vital inquiries and also the conclusion of corresponding products for 2 additional rounds. In round 2, 125 specialists from 35 nations ranked the products developed in round 1 using a Likert range. In round 3, the same 125 specialists obtained the ratings of round 2 and were asked to concur or disagree to these scores by re-voting on all key inquiries and things. A total of 105 professionals re-voted and finally took part in the complete survey. Among the 8 vital questions, two inquiries were picked for the here and now report: (Q1) "What will be the future role of restorative treatment?" as well as (Q6) "What will be the crucial qualities for clinical success of remediations?" For both inquiries and also the respective items, the experts were asked to examine the importance as well as the usefulness for later estimation of the scientific worth (i.e. the opportunity, where chance = significance + [significance − feasibility].

Outcomes. The 3 items of highest possible significance for Q1 were "preservation of existing enamel and dentin tissue," "prevention of secondary decays," as well as "upkeep of the pulp vigor," as well as for Q6 they were "optimization of bond," "biocompatibility," and also "lessening technological level of sensitivity."

Keywords: restorative dental care, Restorative Dentistry.

Title: An Up-to-date Systematic Review of the New Techniques and Treatment Methods in Restorative Dentistry

Author: ALAMRI, HASSAN SULTAN S, SANYOUR, FAISAL OMAR A, ALGHABBAN, HATTAN FAHAD A, ALANAZI, IBRAHIM ABDULLAH, ALARJANI, MOHAMMED BADER M, ALSHEHRI, ALI ABDULRAHMAN A

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Several designs of Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems have been implemented in both developed and developing countries. The adoption of EHR systems is imperative as it can aid clinicians to monitor the adherence and also avoid the risk of getting infected as well as providing quality health care and information. This paper aims at reviewing the possibilities of using electronic data processing platforms in providing rapid solutions to curb the spread of infectious diseases in Africa. Information used in this review paper was mainly obtained from scientific electronic academic journals. Most significant challenges faced in recording and reviewing the information of Ebola patients are created during the isolation and treatment of these patients at the specialized installations, which are classified as Ebola Treatment Centers (ETCs) with rigorous infection control requirements. More significantly, health-related problems could potentially be resolved using EHR systems with additional benefits for research, surveillance and patient care. EHRs/EMRs can reduce human contact during the spread of highly infectious diseases like Ebola. However, further researches should be conducted to ascertain the prospect of using technology specifically EHRs or Electronic Paperless Platforms (EPP) in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in Africa.

Keywords: Health Records; Infectious Diseases; Medical Records; Health Informatics; Ebola; HIV/AIDS; Africa.

Title: Electronic Health Records as an emergency tool for rapid assessment of highly infectious diseases in Africa

Author: Joseph Owusu-Marfo, Zhou Lulin, Henry Asante Antwi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: postpartum or postnatal depression (PPD) is deemed as the one of the most common psychological disorders among women in their childbearing age. It affects both mother and child health. Internationally, in terms of total disability PPD is only second to HIV/AIDS. Mental health of childbearing age women in Arabian Gulf countries requires an obvious understanding of certain factors associated with the culture. The aim of this review is to examine the available studies and data on postpartum depression in Gulf region, and determine the risk factors that associated with this mental disorder in this particular population.

Method: Various electronic research databases were used like PubMed, Google scholar for this review. 

Results: The majority of studies using cross-sectional method as study design and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were the most frequent instrument used in reviewed studies with different cutoff point for depression diagnosis.  PPD prevalence rate among Arabian Gulf women ranging from  10% to 45.9% within first six months postpartum. The most common risk factors identified in reviewed studies are unwanted pregnancy, not breastfeeding and life stressors events.

Conclusion: This review provides evidence that a significant proportion of Arabian Gulf mothers experience impairment in their psychological health and social adaptation after childbirth. The study review demonstrates an importance for further studies with a concentration on the advancement of suitable screening scales and respect of cultural issues in the management of such people.

Keywords: Postpartum, depression, women, Arab.

Title: Postpartum depression among Arabian Gulf population: a literature review

Author: Ahmad Hamad Aldosary

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Introduction: Pressure ulcer still is identified as a major problem in hospital setting and prevalence of bed pressure ulcer in the critical care units is high in comparing to other general wards. The rate of pressure ulcer in Asian countries was found high rate from 2 2.1% to 31.3% in Intensive Care Units [15]. Methods: The study population was entire nurses who were working in all three critical care units. Study was completed with the participation of Fifty two Nurses. Data were collected using Pieper- Zulkowski pressure ulcer knowledge test questionnaire, Attitude towards prevention of pressure ulcer scale and questionnaire for Nurses’ practice on pressure ulcer prevention. Results: This study found that mean of nurse’s age was 32.10 ± 5.6, min:23 max: 46, Majority  were female (82.7%), more than half of were married (65.4 %), most of had a Diploma in Nursing (92.3 %), average length of service period was 7.083±5.97 years ,most of them (86.5%) had not received in-service training. Overall knowledge level was at very low (M=58.6 ±1.01 min: 30.56 and max: 76.39), 48% of Nurses had a low-level knowledge, 46.2% of Nurses had very low level of Knowledge, only three Nurses (5.8%) had a moderate Knowledge level. Over all nurse attitude was neutral (74.79 ±8.35). Majority (63.3%) express neutral level of attitudes, very few (13.5%) express negative attitudes and about one fifth (19.2%) had positive attitudes. Practice was at high level (79.98 ± 1.52 mini: 54.5 max: 100). 50% of Nurses had a high level of practice and 21.2 % had a very high level of practice, 15.4% of nurses had very low level. There was a significant moderate positive relationship among Nurses’ knowledge and attitudes (r = .36, p <0.05), knowledge and practice (r = .63, p<0.05). Conclusion: The study found that majority of nurses had very low level of knowledge, neutral level of attitudes and high level of practice regarding pressure ulcer prevention and there was a significant positive relationship between knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and practice. This study makes awareness and concern about to improve the knowledge and attitudes of nurses on the pressure ulcer.

Keywords: Pressure ulcer, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice.

Title: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of the Nurses towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention in Critical Care Units in Teaching Hospital Batticaloa, Sri Lanka

Author: Sathasivam Shanmukanathan, Firoz Ahmed Mamin

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Methemoglobinemia is a disorder that affects the hemoglobin and leads to impermeant in oxygen delivery to tissues. Methemoglobinemia can be inherited or acquired with many known causes, we report a 55 years old male patient presented with shortness of breath and fatiguability after ingestion boiled Henna [Lawsonia Inermis], which induced methemoglobinemia and was treated with ascorbic acid.

Keywords: Methemoglobinemia, Henna, Lawsonia, hemolytic, anemia.

Title: Henna Induced Methemoglobinemia

Author: Dr.Raef Qutub, Dr.Thamer Aldajani, Dr.Mutlaq Aldajani, Dr.Ahmad Almaghrabi, Dr.Fahad Alharbi, Dr.Mohammad Bagarish

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals