Vol 10 Issue 2 October 2022-March 2023

Abstract: OBJECTIVE Adults with diabetes typically take multiple medications for hyperglycemia, diabetes-associated conditions, and other comorbidities. For all patients, efforts to reduce out-of-pocket costs and encourage use of mail order pharmacies may result in higher adherence. Medication adherence is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced health care costs, hospitalization, and mortality.

Keywords: Diabetes, Pharmacy, medication.

Title: Determinants of Medication Use in Diabetes: Results from a Large Database of Pharmacy Complaints

Author: Sara ahmed alsuwayed, Alaa Turki Alturki

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 267-269

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 31-March-2023

Abstract: The most common diabetes mellitus is type two diabetes mellitus (T2D). Type II diabetes mellitus exhibits chronic hyperglycemia and is thought to result from the progressive failure of pancreatic β-cells that do not secrete enough insulin to meet metabolic needs. Curcumin content in turmeric has been studied and used as an antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, liver protection, gastrointestinal effects, dissolving gallstones, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, cardiovascular, and others. This study aims to test the pancreoprotective activity of turmeric ethanol extract (EEK) in experimental animals by measuring biochemical parameters of temporary blood sugar levels, HbA1c, and amylase enzyme. This type of research is practical and was conducted in March 2022. This research was conducted at the Pharmacy Laboratory of the University of North Sumatra, Medan. A total of 24 male white Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were purchased from the Medan Bintang street animal market. The results of the phytochemical screening of turmeric ethanol extract showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids—phytochemical screening results. The administration of turmeric ethanol extract showed a decrease in blood sugar levels which was inversely proportional to the increase in the dose of temulawak ethanol extract—the average HbA1c level of each treatment group. The lowest level in the standard group was 21.34 ± 0.66 ng/ml, and the highest level in the negative control group was 71.12 ± 3.44 ng/ml. Statistically, the negative control group had a significant difference (P<0.05) from the positive control group. This indicates that increasing the dose of turmeric ethanol extract can reduce HbA1c levels. The ethanol extract of turmeric reduces blood glucose levels, significantly different (P<0.05) from the negative control group, which was only given CMC-Na and doxorubicin. The turmeric extract at different doses had a very other HbA1c lowering activity (P<0.05) than the negative control group, which was only given CMC-Na and doxorubicin.

Keywords: turmeric, pancreas, doxorubicin.

Title: Exploration of the Effectiveness of Turmeric Ethanol Extract against the Enzyme Amylase Pancreas in Doxorubicin-Induced Wistar Rats

Author: Zhu Changwan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 260-266

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Published Date: 24-March-2023

Abstract: Increased  presence  of  serum  chloride  and Bicarbonate concentration in  preeclampsia may  bring  about  increased  osmolality leading  to  concealed  dilatation  of  vessels and One  of  the  probable  reasons  for  the increase  in  the  serum  bicarbonate  in  preeclamptic  group  could  be  a  decreased  pCO2 leading  to  suppression  of  vasodilatation. however,  the biochemical  changes  in  renal  function  accompanying normal pregnancies and preeclamptic pregnant women in Nigeria as a whole and south west Region  in  particular  are  not  well  documented This study examine Chloride and Bicarbonate concentration in third trimester of pregnancy in Normotensive and Preeclamptic pregnant women.  Thirty (30) pregnant women (15 normotensive and 15 preeclamptic women from Ondo town participated in the study. Five milliliters (5 ml) of venous blood was drawn from consenting participants and placed in a lithium heparin sample bottles for analysis. Result in fig 1 and figure 2 shows the serum levels of chloride and bicarbonate of normotensive pregnant women were (102 and 16mEq/L) respectively, where as in preeclamptic pregnant women were ( 104 and 18 mEq/L), however fig 1 show no statistically significant difference in chloride concentration in pre-eclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women (p>0.05) whereas Fig. 2 shows a statistically significant increase in bicarbonate concentration in pre-eclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women (p<0.05)

Keywords: Bicarbonate concentration, serum bicarbonate, preeclamptic pregnant women. 

Title: CHANGES IN CHLORIDE AND BICARBONATE CONCENTRATION IN THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY IN NORMOTENSIVE AND PREECLAMPTIC PREGNANT WOMEN

Author: Edebiri, O.E., Uche, O.K., Aigbokhai, A.O, Omogbemhe, S.A., Ogunleye, T.O., Ehiakhamen, D.O., Erhayanmen, O.M, Oyakhire M.O., Ikhajiangbe, H.I., Ohiwerei W.O.

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 256-259

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 21-March-2023

Abstract: On 31 December 2019, the WHO was informed of a severe respiratory disease of unknown cause in Wuhan City, China. This was later identified as a coronavirus and named COVID-19. Due to its high mortality rate, the WHO and governments established prevention protocols to be followed by the public to curtail its spread. This study was carried out in the GOPD, COOUTH, Awka, Nigeria to determine the impact of the pandemic and its prevention protocols on the lifestyle of patients. Preventive practices observed by the patients during the pandemic included cleaning hands with soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer (100%), covering mouth with bent elbow when sneezing or coughing (96.2%), cleaning and disinfecting surfaces frequently (86.7%). Some respondents (40.0%) had been vaccinated against COVID-19. The greater impact of the pandemic was observed in income as 90.5% of respondents had less income, 81.4% cooked more at home, while 76.2% and 88.6% had improved relationship with God and family members/friends respectively. Some respondents had tested positive to COVID-19 (15.2%), 17.1% think that they may have been infected but did not do the test while 67.6% have not been infected or don’t know if they have been.

Keywords: attitude, COVID-19, impact, knowledge, lifestyle, perception, prevention, protocol.

Title: PERCEPTION AND IMPACT OF COVID-19 PROTOCOLS ON THE LIFESTYLE OF PATIENTS ATTENDING GENERAL OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

Author: Chinyerem Cynthia Nwachukwu, Gabriel Ifeanyi Eyisi, Ifeoma Anne Njelita, Amaechi Chinedu Nwachukwu, Chijioke Amara Ezenyeaku

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 247-255

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-March-2023

Abstract: Community pharmacists can enhance HIV PrEP uptake and adherence, but existing policies and literature do not highlight their roles in the country. Additionally, limited studies highlight how the knowledge and attitude of Filipino community pharmacists affect the behavioral skills like willingness, comfort, and confidence to provide HIV PrEP services. The present study not only aims to fill the practical knowledge gap in literature but also to understand the current position of community pharmacists regarding their knowledge, attitude, and behavioral skills regarding HIV PrEP therapy and education. This study used a quantitative descriptive design to survey a purposive sample of community pharmacists in Region XI (also known as Davao Region). Descriptive statistics, correlational, and multiple regression were used to identify the respondents’ knowledge, attitude, and behavioral skills and how these variables relate. The survey questionnaire utilized was developed from previous studies, further validated, and showed appropriate reliability. Community pharmacists in Davao Region showed average knowledge (mean score=58.98%), high levels of attitude (mean score=4.17), and behavioral skills (mean score=3.41). Attitude was found to be a key predictor of behavioral skill (p=.013). At the same time, knowledge did not correlate significantly with behavioral skills (p>.05). To conclude, the current position of community pharmacists towards HIV PrEP therapy and education is favorable. They can extend their roles to provide referrals, counseling, and adherence-related services regarding HIV PrEP but training is necessary to target key areas of improvement.

Keywords: Pharmacy, Public Health, HIV PrEP, attitude, knowledge, behavioral skills, Community Pharmacists, Philippines.

Title: Knowledge and Attitude on Behavioral Skills to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis of Community Pharmacists in Region XI

Author: Von Jay Maico G. Gabucan, Ferlien Mae B. Brieta

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 239-246

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 11-March-2023,  

1st Amendment Date: 01-July-2023 

2nd Amendment Date: 24-January-2024

Abstract: PBL has been implemented for more than 15 years in Egypt now, but research about PBL perception in Egypt are still scanty, as PBL approach is still not that common till now. So, this paper gives an insight to our tutor’s perception of hybrid PBL that is used at Mansoura Manchester Medical program and their suggestions to improve the conduction of PBL. Mansoura Manchester program is considered a pioneer to initiate PBL based program in middle east, although that we need to get our tutors regular feedback to learn from our experience and how to improve ourselves. This research was conducted by giving a questionnaire, including closed and open-ended question, to all tutors of semester 4 at academic year 2019-2020. The tutors perceived the PBL approach positively with some concerns about students’ knowledge deficiency in basic science and the need of cases to be updated. Further research should be conducted on different years of the program and using other method rather than questionnaires, moreover, a series of research should be conducted after addressing the points of improvement to assess the success, to follow up and maintain quality of our educational system.

Keywords: Mansoura Manchester program, hybrid PBL, perception, self-directed learning, tutors.

Title: STAFF’ PERCEPTION OF THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING APPROACH

Author: Hala M Maklad, Eman A Sultan, Omnia S Erfan, Ashraf Shoma

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 233-238

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 01-March-2023

Abstract: Needle Stick Injuries (NSI) has become a global concern due to the risk of bloodborne disease transmission. Nursing interns are the most vulnerable group to NSI in the clinical setting. Although this seems to be a common problem among nursing interns, only a few studies have investigated this issue. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of implementing a needle stick injury educational program on nursing interns' competencies concerning the prevention of needle stick injury incidence. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Saudi Arabia. The sample included 68 nursing interns, who were conveniently selected. The data for this study were collected using three tools: a socio-demographic characteristics tool; a self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge and perception about NSI; and a checklist to assess interns’ practice regarding NSI. Data were collected before the educational program (pre-test) and three times after the program (2, 4, and 6 weeks). The data were analyzed using measures of central tendency; differences in demographic variables were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test; and the correlation between study variables was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The study found that there was a significant increase in the competencies of the participants after implementing an educational program for the prevention of NSI. Moreover, the results revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and perception, knowledge and practice, and perception and practice for the participants. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the participants' competencies and their socio-demographic characteristics. In conclusion, implementing an educational program regarding NSI prevention is effective in improving nursing interns' competencies concerning the prevention of NSI incidence and post-exposure interventions.

Keywords: needle stick injuries; sharp injuries; knowledge; perception; practice; competencies; educational program; interns.

Title: The Effect of Needle Stick Injury Educational Program on Nursing Interns' Competencies

Author: Ohoud J Aljaloud, Hend A Elshnawie, Rima S Al-Garni

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 221-232

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 20-February-2023

Abstract: Laboratory parameters are used to monitor diseases and treatment processes. Abnormalities in laboratory parameters of HIV patients before commencement of anti-retroviral therapy and their association with patients’ treatment outcomes were evaluated. Patients were followed up and data on laboratory investigations and WHO clinical staging of were collected from 330 patients in 2021 and 2022. One hundred and thirty-six (41.2%) were found to be anaemic. Mean baseline CD4 count was 389.9 ± 293.7. The majority had other baseline laboratory parameters within normal range, creatinine 308 (93.3%), ALAT 285 (86.4%) and ASAT 253 (76.7%). Predictor of WHO stage 1 at 6 months was CD4 ≥ 350 cells/mm³, OR 1.474 (95% CI 0.096 – 0.545). Predictor of viral suppression at 6 months was also CD4 ≥ 350 cells/mm³, OR 0.994 (95% CI 0.217 – 0.632).

Keywords: ALAT, ASAT, CD4, creatinine, HAART, HIV, WHO staging, viral suppression.

Title: LABORATORY PARAMETERS ABNORMALITIES IN HIV PATIENTS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH PATIENTS’ OUTCOME IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

Author: Chinyerem Cynthia Nwachukwu, Gabriel Ifeanyi Eyisi, Ifeoma Anne Njelita, Chijioke Amara Ezenyeaku, Amaechi Chinedu Nwachukwu, Obioma Okechi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 213-220

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 10-February-2023

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of treated heart arrythmia and it is characterised by palpitations, sometimes fatigue, tiredness, presyncope, breathlessness, and chest discomfort. But palpitation is a cardinal symptom and defines Atrial Fibrillation. Based on the clinical presentation, Atrial fibrillation can be categorised as typical, with palpitations with or without other symptoms, and Atypical AF with symptoms other than palpitations. There can be a completely asymptomatic presentation that is called silent Atrial fibrillation.

Keywords: Atypical Atrial Fibrillation, Typical Atrial Fibrillation, Palpitations, Cryptogenic Stroke, Bleeding, Thromboembolism.

Title: Atypical Atrial Fibrillation – How is it different from Typical Atrial Fibrillation: A Review Article

Author: Archana Ramalingam, Aneela Satya Ravanam, Priyadharsini D Kailasam

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 208-212

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Published Date: 06-February-2023

Abstract: Glucose can be measured as venous plasma or capillary whole blood. Capillary blood is more often used than venous blood in testing blood glucose concentration. Comparison of glucose concentration obtained from capillary blood and venous plasma blood is a wide topic of discussion, it varies the test result. The aim of the present study was to search and review the findings from the scientific published literature studies focusing on blood glucose concentration determined from venous and capillary blood sample. Of the 195 articles retrieved, in the final stage of the eligibility assessment, the remaining 7 studies were included in this review. The data obtained are in the form of descriptive analysis by narrating findings of scientific articles which are then arranged systematically and according to each topic discussed so that a conclusion is obtained that represents the entire content of the review. A good correlation between venous and capillary blood glucose resulted from this review. Although glucometers are useful, caution must be exercised in accepting the results in emergency hypoglycemic and hyperglycemia condition. Clinicians should always correlate the blood glucose reading in glucometers with the clinical findings in taking their management decisions.

Keywords: Blood Glucose Concentration, Venous, Capillary Blood Sample.

Title: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION DETERMINED FROM VENOUS AND CAPILLARY BLOOD SAMPLE

Author: Desak Gde Diah Dharma Santhi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 199-207

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 30-January-2023

Abstract: Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 disease has now been announced for the surveillance in the endemic period.   Wearing the face mask is still the mandate of the student levels in Thailand.

Purpose: The objective of the study was conducted to investigate the behavior of face mask wearing and the disposal during the surveillance of covid-19 in the middle and high school students in Thailand.

Methodology: The study was carried out using a cross sectional online survey among the middle (Grade 7-9) and high school (Grade 10-12) students. A total of 188 students was participated in the study.  The behavior of the face mask use and the disposal of the students was analyzed. The behavior of mask use related with the regular mask use, times of use, disposal methods, and opinion on impacts was analyzed by using Chi-square at the significant level of p < 0.05.

Findings:  The study indicated that all students used the masks. The highest daily mask use of students averaged two (n=94, 50%) when they went to school. The majority of students (n=145,77.1%) were still be using the mask, even though it was during the COVID-19 surveillance period. Mainly, no specific infectious bins for collecting    masks were provided at school or at home. The association of the behavior of disposal methods for used masks at school with the student levels was not observed. However, the behavior of disposal methods of used masks at home and the student levels was significantly related (p = 0.001). The middle school student (Grade 7-9) showed the better responsibility of sorting and throwing the waste into the infectious waste bin than the high school student (Grade 10-12). In addition, the misunderstanding of no impact of the improper mask waste disposal was still observed among the middle and high school students.

Conclusions: A total of 188 students, middle school students (Grade 7-9) and high school students (Grade 10-12), participated in this research. The result indicated that the students used the mask both at school and at home. The disposal of used masks at school or at home was improper due to the unavailability of used mask bins. The middle school student (Grade 7-9) had a better responsibility of sorting and throwing infectious waste into the infected waste bin than the high school student (Grade 10-12).  The misunderstanding of no impact of the improper mask waste disposal was observed among the middle and high school students. The additional knowledge of infectious waste in class and the preparation of specific waste bins at school and at home are essential.

Keywords: COVID-19, Surveillance, Endemic Period, Face Mask Wearing, Mask Disposal, Middle and High School Student.

Title: Behavior of Face Mask Wearing and Disposal during the Surveillance of Endemic COVID-19: A Study in Middle and High School Students in Thailand

Author: Chulathep Silapanuntakul

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 191-198

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Published Date: 18-January-2023

Abstract: In a recent scientific publication Gelardi and al. described the Clinical-Cytological-Grading as an additional score to be used in association with SNOT-22 et al NPS in the evaluation of patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis in order to identify those who are correctly eligible for  biological therapy in clinical practice. In this paper, the authors review their series of patients with nasal polyposis treated with monoclonal antibodies in order to assess whether the prescription of the therapy was appropriate in the light of the GCC.

Keywords: Chronic Rhinosinositis, nasal polyps, monoclonal antibodies, mepolizumab, dupilumab, Clinical-Cytological-Grading.

Title: Type II respiratory immunophlogosis: review of our case series in the light of the Clinical-Cytological-Grading (CGC)

Author: F.Asprea, G.Lucchesi, D. Costanzo, G.Micali

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 187-190

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-January-2023

Abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal cavities. About 20% of chronic rhinosinusitis is represented by rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), which in most cases is caused by a type 2 inflammation, with an eosinophilic inflammation.

Monoclonal antibodies are a targeted therapy that allows you to control the disease by limiting or abolishing the use of systemic steroids.

In this scientific work, the authors tested the efficacy of mepolizumab and dupilumab in patients with nasosinusal polyposis with a 12-month follow-up.

Keywords: Chronic Rhinosinositis, nasal polyps, monoclonal antibodies, mepolizumab, dupilimab.

Title: Monoclonal Antibodies in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with nasal polips (CRSwNP): our 12 months experience

Author: F.Asprea, D. Bruzzese, D. Costanzo, G.Lucchesi, G.Micali

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 181-186

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-January-2023

Abstract: Laryngeal pyogenic granulomas are lesions that appear as a sessile mass, more often unilateral with a vinous red color, or moriform with a rounded appearance and variable volume.The lesion characteristically affects the vocal process of the arytenoid .In this work the authors  present a case of giant laryngeal pyogenic granuloma located on the right arytenoid cartilage associated with a similar neoformation of much smaller volume on the left arytenoid cartilage.

Keywords: Larynx, Granuloma, contact ulcer, reflux.

Title: Laryngeal pyogenic granuloma: a case report and revision of literature

Author: F.Asprea, D. Costanzo, G.Lucchesi, G.Micali

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 175-180

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-January-2023

Abstract: This study evaluated the serum calcitonin, creatinine and uric acid levels in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) complicated by dysthyroidism. A total of 119 participants were recruited in this study, majority of who were males. Majority of the participants in this study were between the ages of 30 to 68 years with a median of 49 years. The high prevalence of CKD among this age group can be attributed to underlying pathologies such as hypertension, diabetes or both. The level of serum calcitonin, T₃, T₄, TSH,creatinine and uric acid of study participants according to age range, for age < 20 years, Calcitonin(126±23.9), T₃ (0.800±0.0741), T₄ (6.79±0.296), TSH (8.41±1.48), Creatinine (11.1±1.29), Uric Acid (21.1±2.55), for age 21 - 40 years, Calcitonin(145±42.0), T₃ (0.763±0.0565), T₄ (7.75±0.701), TSH (8.64±1.43), Creatinine (7.91±1.29), Uric Acid (14.0±1.77). for age > 41 years, Calcitonin(71.2±11.3), T₃ (0.765±0.0396), T₄ (7.45±0.255), TSH (8.11±0.529), Creatinine (7.01±0.66), Uric Acid (13.4±0.801).from the result of this study calcitonin, creatinine and uric acid proved to be statistically significant (p≤0.05), however T_3, T_4, TSH showed no statistical significance.

Keywords: serum calcitonin, uric acid levels, chronic kidney diseases (CKD).

Title: CORRELATION OF AGE AND SEX IN RELATION TO SERUM CALCITONIN, CREATININE AND URIC ACID ON CKD PATIENTS WITH THYROID ABNORMALITY COMPLICATION

Author: Christian Ugege, Eidangbe, A.P, Olaniyi O.D., Ogedegbe, I.S, Ohiwerei W.O., Otaye, O.M

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 164-174

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 16-January-2023