Vol 6 Issue 1 January 2018-March 2018

Abstract: This study examined the effect of integrated marketing communications on sales volume of firms in Nigeria’s Food and Beverage industry. Competition in the Food and Beverage industry have given firms an uphill task of using all the marketing arsenals to reach and retain their customers  bearing in mind that it is more costly to get a new customer than to maintain existing ones. Recently, marketers’ concern about the marketing communications expenses and resultant sales have greatly increased, hence an enduring search for variables that when integrated will increase sales volume becomes evident. Opinions of 200 employees of the industry were sought on the subject matter through questionnaire instrument. It was observed that there is a positive and significant relationship between IMC variables and sales volume with the exception of public relations which showed positive but insignificant effect on sales volume. The researchers recommended that more emphasis be placed on direct marketing and sales promotion even as more resources should be allocated to advertising as it paves way for other promo-tools to yield desired results.

Keywords: Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC), Sales volume, Competition, Nigeria.

Title: Effect of Integrated Marketing Communication (Imc) On Firms’ Sales Volume: A Study of Nigeria’s Food and Beverage Industry

Author: Emeh, Prince C, Anyaogu, Peter M., Kalu, Innocent N.

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: A Study on analysis of profitability in maize production in Obubra local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria, was carried out. Specifically, the study was set to achieve the following objectives; determine agricultural technologies used and the profitability of maize production in the area.  Data required for the study were generated through the use of pre-tested structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and net farm income model. Result indicated that the use of technology for maize production was poor and has significant influence on profit of maize production. For the profitability analysis, the total revenue realized from maize production per hectare was ₦192,800, with a total variable cost of # 61,500/ha and a total fixed cost of ₦29,000. The maize producers made a net income of ₦ 102,300/ha indicating that the farmers made profit from their investment. The return per naira of 2.13 indicated that every naira invested yielded ₦2.13 to the farmers. The gross ratio 0.47 indicated overall financial success of maize production in the area, as the ratio is less than one. The operating ratio was also found to be 0.32 which showed the solvency of the maize farm. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were advanced: functional extension services is advocated to help teach maize farmers the use of production technologies and government and NGO’s should provide incentives to these farmers to assist in large scale production that can afford reasonable profit.

Keywords: profitability, farmers, farm income, agricultural technology, maize.

Title: Analysis of Profitability in Maize Production in Obubra Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria

Author: Ettah, O. I, Ettah, Goddy I., Ukwuaba, I. C.

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The core of advancement and progress among people and nations is through effective communication and positive human behavior which should start in the classroom. However, communication styles among schools in the Philippines still remain empirically understudied. This study seeks to investigate the dominant communication styles of the faculty members of Iloilo State College of Fisheries, Dumangas Campus for the Academic Year 2015-2016 in terms of their gender, educational qualifications, length of service including their dominant communication styles as perceived by themselves, peers, and students. A quantitative method is used in the study while descriptive statistical treatment is employed. The study reveals that the dominant communication style among faculty members of the Iloilo State College of Fisheries - Dumangas Campus as perceived by self, peer and students is thinker. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in the communication styles of faculty members across gender, teaching experience and educational qualifications. This study finds that there are no significant differences in the evaluation of the communication styles demonstrated by the faculty members in terms of self and peer, peer and students, and self and students.

Keywords: communication style, self-perceived, peer-perceived, student-perceived.

Title: TEACHERS’ COMMUNICATION STYLES AND THEIR INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR IN THE CLASSROOM

Author: CYNTHIA D. MIRANDA

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This study investigated the effect of different emulsifiers on sensory qualities of wheat and cassava composite bread at up to 40% substitution level. Composite bread was produced using the straight dough mixing method. 70/30% and 40/60% composite blends of wheat and cassava bread with emulsifiers and control (100% wheat flour) were produced in other to determine the effect of the emulsifiers on sensory qualities. CMC (Carboxyl-methyl cellulose) emulsifier performed best among the three emulsifiers and was further varied in quantity to determine its overall effect on variation. The bread samples were served to an untrained panelists to evaluate the sensory qualities based on the effect of the emulsifiers over the control sample. Parameters set for the evaluation included appearance, taste, texture and general acceptability. The effect of the emulsifiers, especially CMC, had positive and acceptable performance better than AHC (Amylase-hemicellulase) and Lecithin when compared with the control at p<0.05. Both 30% and 40% substitution samples had significant difference in all the parameters at p<0.05. Further increase in quantity of the best performing emulsifier (CMC) for both 30% and 40% substitution levels, had negative impact on sensory quality. Off taste and off odour were developed and perceived with higher increase of the emulsifier which greatly affected the overall acceptability. The study therefore concludes that the feasibility of producing cassava bread with about 40% substitution level with the desirable organoleptic qualities with the aid of emulsifiers.

Keywords: Cassava, Composite bread, Emulsifiers, Sensory, Wheat.

Title: Effect of Different Emulsifiers on Sensory Qualities of High Cassava Flour Composite Bread

Author: M. U. Ahmad, D. I. Gernah, D.K. Fatimah, G. Rabiu

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Marginalization is described as a process, whereby a group of individuals are pushed to the margins of the society. The Baker is known as Kandur or Sofi in Kashmir and is a marginalized community. But, it is necessary to mention here that all Sofis are not Kandar. The family structure of Kandar community is patriarchal in nature. The head of the family has a final word in family decisions regarding the career, marriage, or any other important decision of a family. The joint family is no longer predominant in the baker (Kandar) community and nuclear family has emerging among them. The economic problems associated with joint families, lack of consensus among the family members, lack of privacy and lack of ample living space has forced the community to have nuclear families. In the Kandar community, there hasn’t been any appreciable change in the traditions of accepting decisions of heads of families. No matter what changes have occurred yet many households have strict moral discipline wherein every decision of their heads is well and straight way accepted by the members of family especially by the children. Based on a sample of 200 respondents selected out of 20 thrust areas of Urban Srinagar of Kashmir valley, the study examines the nature and role of family in Kander community of urban Srinagar. It traces how the Kandar community despite occupational issues like less income, poverty, low prestige, and little leisure and sleep disturbance have experienced some changes in family like disintegration of joint family to nuclear and in practising family planning practices. For the present study, an exploratory research design was used A simple random sampling technique was used to collect information from Kandur household’s members.

Keywords: Nature, role, family, marginalization, community, Kandur, Kashmir.

Title: Nature and Role of Family in Marginalized Communities: A Study

Author: Dr. Manzoor Hussain, Farooq Ahmad Khan

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: China holds a huge rural population and large-scale agricultural production. Agriculture was a determinant of the economy for a long period. With the fast-expanding economy, the agricultural sector may still lead the national aggregate output. This article mainly aims to examine the role of agriculture in the aggregate economy in China, particularly its short-term dynamics and long-term impacts. Quarterly time series spanned 2002-2016. Data included agricultural output and aggregate GDP in nominal terms. The Phillips-Perron test, the augmented Dickey-Fuller test, the Dickey-Fuller generalised-squared method and the Elliott-Rothenberg-Stock point-optimal test suggested at least two unit roots. The Perron test suggested a unit root. Hence, cointegration rarely existed. GDP and agricultural output in nominal terms embrace a strong long memory. Conventional vector-autoregression and error-correction models could not be constructed. Instead, Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality tests suggest that agricultural output does not Granger cause aggregate GDP and vice versa. The empirical results are astonishing. Compared with the period before the 1990s, the role of agriculture in the economy in China has declined dramatically. Fast-expanding industry and real estate sectors might reduce the effect of the agricultural sector on the economy. The study suggests that short quarterly data in nominal terms may affect the results. More supports to the agricultural sector and rural population by the authority at various levels are needed.  

Keywords: Agriculture, aggregate economy, dynamics, Granger causality, nominal output, quarterly series, unit root.

Title: The Effect of Agriculture on the Aggregate Economy in China

Author: Gaolu Zou

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The performance of designed specific bacteria isolate comprising of bacillus pumlllus pseudomonas aerruginosa and Brevibacterium spp in terms of their reduction capability and degrading activities of the bacteria were studied.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to isolate some autochthonous bacteria from niche area sol and investigate their capability to degrade the components in the wastewater.

Materials and Methods: Fifty soil samples were collected from different sites from niche area along Oyun river in Ilorin East Local Government of Kwara State, and analyzed for the presence of Bacteria strain.

The media used in this research were nutrient broth and agar. Bacteria strains were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The reduction of sewage wastewater weight and degrading properties of pseudomona aeuraginosa. Bacillus Pumillus and brevibacterium spp were examined.

Results: The identified Bacteria strain included Brevibacterium spp (86.6%), pseudomona aeuroginosa (9.6%), and B.pumilus (3.6%). Evaluation of morphological physiological and Biochemical activity of the designed consortia was carried out against three different bacteria. Acid production tests indicated that this bacterium capable to utilize the citrate and hydrolyze casein catalase, and oxidase positive. The Bacterium growth rate ranges from 25 to 45oC.

Conclusions: This study indicated that some autochthonous Bacteria have the potential to degrade sewage wastewater which can be used to enriched soil fertility.

Keywords: Soil, Autochthonous Bacteria, Consortia, Niche.

Title: Effect of Some Autochthonous Bacteria on Degradation of Sewage Wastewater and Its Uses in Crop Production

Author: Yusuf, R. T., Akande. T. M., Aransiola, Y. O., Abdullahi, H.J., Lawal, W. S

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations   

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Forage flora are plants in grass and grass-like structure and are utilized as food source by animals whether fresh or processed. This study aimed assess the bioinvasion of Cyperus species in the rice producing provinces in the Philippines. On the other hand, Bioinvasion and Qualitative Risk assessment established the distribution and effects of the Cyperus species in the Philippine Agricultural system. Moreover, the ODA Qualitative Risk assessment tool and Bioinvasion tool established sedge distribution.

Studies on the distribution of sedges in the country are very limited. This study identified 14 Cyperus species found in the Provinces of Masbate, Tarlac, Nueva Viscaya and Isabela. Thirteen (13) of which are considered as weeds while the other one as ornamental species. Cyperus species identified as world’s worst weeds are found growing in the country, nevertheless new species (Cyperus distans L., Cyperus compactus L f., Cyperus cyperoides and Cyperus imbricatus Retz.) were also found to be locally invasive in some Provinces. Ninety three (93%) or 13 out of the 14 identified Cyperus species are found inhabiting the agricultural system of the country.

Keywords: Diversity, Forage Flora, Sedges, Bioinvasion, Cyperus spp.

Title: Bioinvasion Assessment of Sedges: Cyperus Spp. in the Philippine Agricultural System

Author: Milagros A. Celedonio, Noel D. Roble

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations    

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The social learning networks are online networks that support the teacher in pursuing their objectives on the teaching and learning process to meet the needs of a curriculum-based education. Traditionally, instead of teaching and learning in the classroom that sometimes tedious and unsuited for the students’ availability, putting the positive effects of their learning to the social learning networks is beneficial for the digital natives. Making learning in a formal education be found within the central of social networks. With this, this paper focuses on the experiences of the nursing educators who are presently graduate students on their usage of a social learning network provided by their subject instructor. This phenomenological study was conducted in Saudi Arabia where participants are enrolled in an online education using social learning networks. The participants’ interviews, recorded voice and analysis of personal texts were transcribed into codes and key themes. As a result, the nursing educators reported their views and expectations on the online networks.

Keywords: Nursing educators’ experience, Online education, Phenomenological, Social Learning Networks.

Title: Nursing Educators’ Experiences in a Social Learning Network: A Phenomenological Study

Author: Medel Oabel Cabalsa

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations   

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The aim of this work is to give in detail the standalone PV system for a household in Gombe (Nigeria) with medium energy consumption is selected. The supply of sufficient and sustainable power provision to the country’s citizens since the 80’s has been an illusion when the signals to improve its power generation capacity to the nation have been neglected. The increase in activities of industry and the rapid growth of population necessitate the solar photovoltaic (PV) technology injection into the nations mix energy. In this study, direct current (DC) and alternative current (AC) appliances were considered. The total load power of these appliances is 3012.5 W. The array to load ratio determined as well as the daily watt-hour load shows that the use of hybrid system in this design is not recommended. To power these appliances, 31 modules, 18 batteries in the battery bank with system battery capacity of 4657.5 Ah and 3 charge controller are required. The use of stand-alone solar photovoltaic technology is recommended for sustainability, reliability and accessibility of power.

Keywords: Photovoltaic systems, Stand-alone, Appliances, Power, household.

Title: Standalone PV System Design and Sizing for a Household in Gombe, Nigeria

Author: Hamza Abubakar Hamza, Yusuf Mohammed Auwal, Musa Ishaya Sharpson

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations    

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: ISAT U satellite campuses, particularly the Barotac Nuevo Campus, struggle to be at par with the leading universities in the Philippines especially in research productivity but the manifestations of research development can hardly be seen. It is in this premise that the researcher would like to ascertain whether the research knowledge, research competence and institutional support can affect the research productivity of the faculty members of the satellite campuses of the ISAT U System. Descriptive-quantitative-correlational research design was employed. The data gathering instrument is the questionnaire adapted from Mendoza (2008) and from the instrument of AACUP used in Accreditation. One-hundred fifty-six (156) faculty members of the ISAT U satellite campuses were the respondents. Twenty-five (25) were from ISAT U Barotac Nuevo Campus, twenty-five (25) were from ISAT U Dumangas Campus, eighty-two (82) were from ISAT U Miag-ao Campus, and twenty-four (24) were from ISAT U Leon Campus. Mode, mean and regression were the statistical tools used. Findings revealed that the faculty members had low research productivity, average research knowledge and maintained a practitioner level of research competence. They perceived the institutional support for research related activities as moderate. Significantly revealed by the findings is that for a faculty to be research productive, he should possess research knowledge, competence and institutional support. Taken individually, only research competence is the predictor of research productivity. It is recommended that a developmental plan for the enhancement of research productivity of the satellite campuses should be strictly implemented.

Keywords: research productivity, research competence, research knowledge, institutional support.

Title: Research Productivity, Knowledge and Competence among Faculty Members of Iloilo Science and Technology University Satellite Campuses

Author: MARGIE P. DEITA

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations   

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This descriptive study determined the use of computers of teachers and students and its effect to student’s academic performance in public and private schools. The factors affecting technology self-efficacy, utilization, teaching competence and students’ academic achievement were emphasized. Survey questionnaires, Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interviews were used. Respondents included 97 Teachers and 436 students that comprising the 19 public and private secondary schools in District VI, Division of Negros Occidental. Stratified Random Sampling technique were utilized in the selection of the respondents by schools. Statistical tools include frequency counts, percentage, mean, Mann-Whitney, O-test, Kruskall-Wallis H Test, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Multiple Linear Regression. The findings revealed the existence of significant relationship between students’ academic performance and their computer literacy as well as students’ technology utilization and their family income. Data showed that student’s academic performance is highly influenced by the teacher’s effective teaching and by the teacher’s computer literacy nor by their competence in technology. Grade 7 students of private and public schools utilize technology the least while fourth year students utilize technology the most. No significant difference was found on self-efficacy among year levels.

Keywords: Technology, Academic Performance, Teaching Effectiveness, Quantitative Research.

Title: Impact of Technology on the Academic Performance of Students and Teaching Effectiveness

Author: CHUCHAN A. MONSERATE

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This topic is aimed to lead the reader into an un¬derstanding of what biophotons are, how they are generated, and how they are involved in life. Having established this basis, the role of bio-photons in health and disease is reviewed and the basics of ultra-weak bio-photon emission need to be scientifically discussed in the hope that their impor¬tance will become more widely utilized.

Keywords: Biophoton Image, Bio-photon Therapy, Infrared, Ultraviolet, Light, Cancer, Bio-communication, Poisson distribution.

Title: Bio-Photon Research and Its Applications: A Review

Author: Samir Hamouda, Nada Khalifa, Mohamed Belhasan

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations   

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This study explores feasibility of implementing performance-based bonus in private universities and colleges, as long as the performance evaluation criteria used in the implementation of the said reward system of the delivering unit such as the SUCs, there is no doubt that the PUCs can also be qualified in receiving the said bonus. Research method used is descriptive-qualitative, Data gathering methods such as researcher- made interview schedule, use of online discussion and argumentations are also employed. The sources of data from several stakeholders which comprised of Administrative Orders, CHED Memorandum Orders, Implementation Guidelines, Discussions and argumentations of teachers both from public and private institutions, revealed that the criteria used in the evaluation of state universities in the implementation of the performance-based bonus in the public universities and colleges can be applied also in the private universities and colleges. 

The proposed performance-based bonus schema for the PUCs starts with the initiative of the private universities to have a lawmaker sponsor the said bill.  After which the Performance targets should be enrolled and approved by the congress.  The Major Final Output (MFO) will be generated depending on the targets set by the agency concerned and finally, the implementation of the said policy can be conceded. 

Keywords: Performance-Based Bonus, State University and Colleges (SUC), Private University and Colleges (PUC), Implementing Performance-Based Bonus, Qualitative Research.

Title: Exploring Feasibility of Implementing Performance-Based Bonus in Private Universities and Colleges

Author: RICKY M. FLORES, Ed.D.

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations    

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Courtyard Houses have been most popular in residential architecture all over the world and in all climatic regions. Courtyard can be square, rectangular, round or amorphous, generated by placement of rooms or buildings around it. In hot arid climates such houses provide a greater measure of comfort. The courtyards supply light and cool air to the rooms around it. Air circulation within this confined space relies largely on the proportions of the surrounding walls and positioning of window openings in the surrounding rooms. This research is aimed at assessing the user perception of courtyard as a thermal regulator in house-holds, Famagusta, employing a descriptive survey design. 30 questionnaires were distributed between October-November 2017, targeting households both in the ancient and urban cities of Famagusta. The questionnaire in this study was designed to extract information from users on how, when, what and why they use the courtyard. Results were analysed in SPSS v. 2.1 for means (M) and percentages (%), which were used to rank the importance of variables. Findings revealed that majority of the respondents do want a courtyard and prefer using it during evening and noon hours of summer period as it does improve the indoor air quality of the house-holds tremendously, in which quite a number of respondents have admitted to it makes them sleep better and thus, prefer their courtyards to be big-medium sized.

Keywords: Courtyard, Households, Climate, Thermal regulator.

Title: User Perception of Courtyard as a Thermal Regulator in Households, Famagusta, Cyprus

Author: Aisha Kabir Marafa, Halil Zafer Alibaba

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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