Vol 2 Issue 2 April 2014-June 2014

Abstract: Nocardiosis is a systemic chronic granulomatous disease of fish caused by specie of bacterium Nocardia. Severe emaciation, inactivity and skin discoloration are the clinical signs of this disease. In advanced stages cachexia, ascites, dermal ulceration, focal necrotic areas with in skeletal muscles and pale areas in the swollen kidney, spleen, heart and liver may be observed.  About 10 to 30 Clarias batrachus infected with Nocardiasis were morphologically and bacteriologically analyzed. Nocardia appeared filamentous, branched and beaded on Drosetts egg and Lowerstein-jensen media at 20-30⁰C temperature.

Keywords: Nocardiasis, Clarias batrachus, focal necrosis, cachexia, ascites, dermal ulceration.

Title: Nocardiosis in Clarius batrachus collected from the Bittan market of Bhopal

Author: Sumer Hassan & T.A.Qureshi

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: One of the effective ways of developing sustainable agriculture to ensure human and animal food production with a minimal disturbance to the environment is the exploration of Microbe-based symbioses in plants. Developing molecular approaches based on the continuity of microbial pools which are circulating regularly between soil, plant and animal provided niches in natural and agricultural ecosystems serves in the effectual management of symbiotic microbial communities. Analysis of this circulation could enable the creation of highly productive microbe-based sustainable agricultural system, while attending the ecological and genetic consequences of the broad application of microbes in agricultural practice. Also simulation of evolution implemented in the mutualistic symbioses aid in enhancing ecological efficiency, functional integrity and genotypic specificity ensuing ‘applied co-evolutionary research’  addressing the ecological and molecular mechanisms for mutual adaptation and parallel speciation of plant and microbial partner. The use of microbial symbiotic signals or their derivatives for remodeling plant developmental or defensive functions may be depicted as a promising field. Yet agricultural microbiology confronts several significant ecological and genetic challenges imposed by the broad application of symbiotic microbes. Some of these challenges are being associated with opportunistic or even regular human pathogens. However the prospects for a future development of agricultural microbiology may involve the construction of novel multipartite endo- and ecto-symbiotic communities based on extended genetic and molecular (metagenomic) analyses.

Keywords: Plant–Microbial Symbioses, Agricultural Microbiology, Sustainable Agriculture, Agronomic Potential, Ecological Impacts.

Title: Bacterial Endophytes in Sustainable Crop Production: Applications, Recent Developments and Challenges Ahead

Author: Dr. Swaroopa Maralla

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: Homology modeling ^[4] aims to build three-dimensional protein structure ^[2] models using experimentally determined structures of related family members as templates. SWISS-MODEL ^[13] workspace is an integrated Web-based modeling ^[11] expert system. For a given target protein, a library of experimental protein structures is searched to identify suitable templates. On the basis of a sequence alignment ^[23][24] between the target protein and the template structure, a three-dimensional model for the target protein is generated. Model quality assessment tools are used to estimate the reliability of the resulting models. Homology modeling ^[4] is currently the most accurate computational method ^[3] to generate reliable structural models and is routinely used in many biological applications.

Title: HOMOLOGY MODELING OF ALPHA- SYNUCLEIN (SNCA) PROTEIN OF HUMAN

Author: Anubrata Paul, Souvik Mondal

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: Many chemical contaminants may be present in the city's residential soil, lead appears to present the highest risk, and has been the most studied.  Lead poisoning is one of the greatest public health hazards that faced by residents. Exposed children have elevated blood lead levels at a rate eight times greater than the national average.  Although the primary source of concern for childhood lead poisoning is within housing units, lead in soil is also a factor and efforts to assess and reduce the amount of lead in soil have been part of the goal to reduce risks of lead poisoning. There are many activities that can cause lead to accumulate in soils.  Some of these activities may have happened in the past and no longer add to a site's soil lead contamination.  For example, leaded gasoline is no longer used, but residues from its emissions remain in soils near roads. Lead may have also been added to soil from point sources, such as burned trash, metal smelters, jewellery plating operations, or dumped lead batteries.

Title: LEAD TESTING IN SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH LEAD AND REDUCING ITS EFFECTS OF HUMAN BY THE ACTIVITY OF ACTIVATED LEAD

Author: DR. THUPPIL VENKATESH, ANUBRATA PAUL

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: The present communication deals with in vitro analysis of Antibacterial activity of extract of leaves and stem of Chlorophytum borivilianum Santapau and Fernandez (Liliaceae). The result of the preliminary investigation revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides nucleus, Saponins and tannins in leaves as well as in stem. The antimicrobial activity of  leaves and stem extract of  Chlorophytum borivilianum was studied against four bacteria among them two  are Gram –ve bacteria (Escherichia coli & Klebsiella pneumonia) and two are Gram +ve  positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus subtilis) By agar disc cup diffusion method. Zone of inhibition produced by different extracts was tabulated. Only the aerial parts of plant inhibited the growth of bacteria at the concentration of 1000mg/ml and 500 mg/ml respectively. Extract Showed maximum antibacterial activity against all organisms tested in order of sensitivity as Staphylococcus > Bacillus subtilis > Klebsiella > Escherichia coli.

Keywords: Chlorophytum borivilianum, safed musli, leaves and stem extract, antibacterial activity, zone of inhibition.

Title: Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorophytum Borivilianum against Bacterial Pathogen Causing Disease in Humans

Author: Syed  Rehan Ahmad,  Dr. Abul Kalam, Dr. Kishan Pal

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: Environment has become a major issue of great concern in recent years. India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. In June2013, Uttarakhand was wrecked by Flash Floods and Landslides. As a result, 80% of Uttarakhand was flooded, almost 10,000 people lost their lives, and the infrastructural systems suffered lengthy breakdowns. Consequently, basic services such as water, food, sewage, electricity, heating, communications, transportation and shelter were severely compromised.

The paper attempts to carry out a quantitative analysis of Uttarakhand disaster within the framework of Hazard Assessment (evaluation of the severity, and probable occurrence of the disasterin a given time period), Vulnerability Assessment (estimate of the degree of loss or damage to property, population, environment, economic activities and public services etc.) and Response Assessment (effectiveness and efficiency of post-disaster recovery).

The paper shows that in case of Uttarakhand, the devastation and consequent collapse cannot be attributed to ‘Act of God’ alone. Political apathy, economic imprudence and poor environment management played an important role.These were further amplified by the inadequate state of preparedness, mitigation and response of various disaster management agencies during the crisis.It emerges that if the portends of the disaster, ominously evident all the time, not been repeatedly ignored, the aftermath of the tragedy, waiting to happen, could have been largely mitigated.

Keywords: Risk Assessment, Hazard Assessment, Vulnerability Assessment, Response Assessment, Disaster Management Operations.

Title: Environmental Impact Assessment: Uttarakhand Disaster (June-July 2013)

Author: Ajeet Bajpai, Dr. NC Wadhwa and Dr. VK Mahna

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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Abstract: There is an urgent need for environmental awareness in order to re-establish the broken link between modern man and nature. The belief that nature can be exploited indiscriminately can be shattered only when man realizes that the price he is paying for manipulating nature is in fact making man reach the end of his ‘carrying capacity’. The impact of climate change is having a drastic effect on life on earth leading to global warming, green house effect, natural and manmade disasters. Global environmental awareness is of recent origin. But in India, evidence of this awareness can be found even in the pre-Vedic Aryan period.

The aim and objective of this study is to showcase the rich ancient Indian tradition of taking care of the environment. Whether it was due to awe and wonder or love and respect for the nature, the ancient Indian societies founded on the Vedic philosophical traditions had established a way of living that was in tune with nature and its surroundings. These ancient Indian thoughts throw light upon the protection of flora and fauna, about the importance given to panchamahabhutas, fundamental principles of ecology, about the importance of performing yajnas and providing administrative rules on environmental issues.

In this paper, an effort is made to understand the environmental awareness that was prevalent in ancient India and to bring out its relevance to the present scenario. Nature can take care of itself provided man is aware of the repercussions of his actions on the environment.

Keywords: Ancient, Awareness, Environment, Panchamahabhuta, Vedic period

Title: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN ANCIENT INDIA

Author: Ms. Rajani Rao U

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

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