Vol 7 Issue 2 April 2019-June 2019

Abstract: Escherichia coli (E. coli) exposed to 1-3mM Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) undergo killing which is induced by DNA damage. Oxidative stress mediated DNA damage can be repaired via DNA repair pathways like base excision repair (BER) and homologous recombination repair. In this study, we have investigated the role of nucleotide excision repair (NER) in survival to oxidative killing. E. coli uvrA mutant showed higher sensitivity to killing by H2O2. Exposure to 3mM H2O2 for 90 minutes led to 900-fold higher killing in uvrA compared to the wild type strain. The sensitivity of uvrA strain was observed across different conditions such as minimal nutrient condition and low aeration.  Availability of nutrients and extent of aeration during H2O2 challenge both affected the magnitude of sensitivity but did not alter the sensitivity pattern.  This study provides evidence that NER plays an important role in the survival of E. coli under high level of oxidative stress.

Keywords: Escherichia coli, H2O2, Nucleotide Excision Repair, oxidative stress, uvrA.

Title: Nucleotide excision repair is important for survival of hydrogen peroxide mediated killing in Escherichia coli

Author: Amruta Dhawale, Archana Rath

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Coloring industry is a huge industry, it having a wide history, earlier natural colors were using to dye a clothes or any material, but when natural dyes are replaced by synthetic dyes a actual problem had been started, the present review covers the history and types of synthetic dyes and out of all other  ynthetic dyes a reactive azo dyes widely used was covered, finally usage of dye in textile industry and consumption of water for the dying had been reviewed.  

Keywords: natural colors, synthetic dyes, textile industry.

Title: Review -A History and Introduction of synthetic dye and their usage

Author: Madhuri R. Basutkar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Pharmacognosy is the simple and reliable tool by which complete information of the curd drug can be obtained. In this context, authentication and quality assurance of medicinal plants, pharmacognostic, physicochemical, fluorescence analysis, extractive value and organoliptic characters were determined. Studies of three different spp. of Opuntia were carried out. The macroscopic evaluation revealed characters that are of diagnostic value and useful in authentication of the plant. The Physicochemical analysis reveals values for moisture content, organic solvent extractive, water extractive and total ash. Information obtained from these studies can be used as markers in the identification and standardization of these plants as an herbal remedy.

Keywords: Opuntia, physicochemical, fluorescence, fruit, cladode.

Title: PHARMACOGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF THREE DIFFERENT SPECIES OF OPUNTIA

Author: SURYAWANSHI POOJA, VIDYASAGAR G.M

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Tumor-associated macrophages constitute the preponderant inflammatory immune infiltrate in solid tumors and the cytokines released from them possess diversified significance in tumor development. Lung cancer cells have been shown to stimulate the macrophages to release various cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. TNF-α, in particular, has been shown to cause metastasis in mice, however, the process has not been extensively analyzed in human lung cancers. In order to investigate these responses in human lung cancers, we used human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and human monocytic cell line THP-1 to study the process in detail. Stimulation of THP-1 cells with the conditioned medium of A549 cells causes the release of TNF-α and the co-culture of the two cell types results in the increased migratory abilities of A549 cells in vitro. Stimulation carried out in the presence and absence of serum established that serum could alleviate the stimulatory effects of A549 cells.

Keywords: Lung cancer, TNF-α, Serum, Metastasis.

Title: Serum alleviates the lung cancer induced inflammatory responses from monocytes

Author: Sajad A. Bhat, Basit A. Shah, Asif Amin

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Pollutants are known to induce biochemical changes in fish before the more drastic cellular and systemic dysfunctions are observed. Therefore, monitoring can be effectively used to detect such an affliction at an early stage of exposure. The blood often shows pathological changes before the external signs of poisoning can be seen. Hence, it is inferred that hematological studies in fish could be utilized as tools for investigating changes caused by environmental pollutants. The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of copper, lead and cadmium on some hematological parameters like TEC, PCV, Hb and TLC in the air breathing freshwater fish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). All the parameters showed a considerable decrease except TLC. The duration of exposure didn’t show much variation. The sub-lethal compounds used were effective in the order Copper sulphate>Lead acetate>Cadmium chloride.

Keywords: Pollutant, Hematological, TEC, PCV, TLC.

Title: Effect of copper, lead and cadmium on some hematological parameters of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Author: S. S. Gandhewar, S. B. Zade

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Phytoplankton is key producer of aquatic ecosystem and useful for determination of water quality. Water samples from four water sources of Dooars area, Alipurduar, West Bengal – Collegepara pond, Ramthakur temple pond, Samuktala nayunjali and Santali rain water were collected and preserved with 4% formalin. Phytoplankton diversity of the collected samples was studied microscopically. Algal taxa were identified on the basis of  morphological characters and with the help of standard literature. Total 36 algal genera were obtained from four spots. Diatoms are dominating group among the different class of algae. Sample site 4 i.e. Santali rain water showed the highest algal diversity. The microscope used for the present study is an origami paper microscope invented by Dr. Manu Prakash and Jim Cybulsky, Dept of Bioengineering, Stanford University, USA. This paper microscope is ultra-affordable called Foldscope. Its magnification is 140X and resolution is 2µ. The photographs were taken by camera of smart phone Samsung S9+ and photographs were magnified through digital zoom of the camera. This sort of study is first time in the said region which will inspire and engage students and researchers to preserve our natural resources explored with ultra-affordable frugal invention like foldscope.

Keywords: Biodiversity, Foldscope, Phytoplankton, Water bodies, Dooars.

Title: Study of Phytoplankton Diversity in few water sources of Dooars area, WB through Foldsacope- an Origami Paper Microscope

Author: Jyotsna Das, Ria Sen Chowdhury, Sraddhya Roy, Debashis Das

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: a new reversed phase simple, economic and specific validated high-performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of Empagliflozin in human plasma. Mobile phase used is methanol: acetonitrile (50:50% v/v). uv detection at 225nm.the bioanalytical procedure involves deproteination of plasma with liquid-liquid extraction. The percentage of relative recovery and coefficient of variation of accuracy and precision were within acceptable limits. The method proved in simple, cost-effective, and sensitive foe estimation of Empagliflozin in human plasma.

Keywords: Empagliflozin, liquid-liquid extraction, human plasma, method development, validation, bioanalytical procedure.

Title: Method development and validation for Estimation of Empagliflozin by UV spectrophotometry in human plasma

Author: Dr.K. Bhavyasri, M.V.S. Lavanya, Dr.D.Rambabu

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The salt of Nickel, NiSO4.6H2O, i.e. Nickel sulphate has been selected for the present investigation to know its effect of selected lethal and sub-lethal concentrations on serum glucose, liver, and muscle glycogen on a freshwater air breathing fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) which is a hardy fish and  highly nutritive for human beings.

Keywords: Nickel sulphate, Clarias batrachus, Contamination.

Title: Effect of selected lethal and sublethal concentrations on serum glucose, liver, and muscle glycogen on a freshwater air breathing fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.)

Author: Shashi Bhushan Shashi

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The antibiogram profile of Lasianthera africana (BEAUV) and Heinsia crinata (two vegetables commonly used by the Efiks and Ibibios of South-Eastern Nigeria) against selected pathogenic microorganisms were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the plant extracts against selected pathogenic microorganism using agar diffusion method showed that Heinsia crininata extract had a higher zones of inhibition when tested against Vibrio choleriae (20.4±0.11mm), Salmonella typhi (24.3±0.38mm) and Candida albican (20.3±0.25mm). However, a corresponding increase in zones of inhibition was observed when the extracts were combined (Lasianthera africana and Heinsia crinata) and tested against the selected pathogens. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, antheranoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, glucides, saponins, mucillages, polyphenols, reducing compounds and tannins in the plant extracts. Nevertheless, this study has revealed the abundant resources nature has provided for man since edible vegetables could also have curative abilities. It is thereby suggested that both Heinsia crinata and Lasianthera africana have therapeutic potentials and could be used as drugs either as single extracts or in combination.

Title: Antibiogram profile of Lasianthera africana (BEAUV) and Heinsia crinata (G. Taylor) against selected pathogenic microorganism

Author: Andy, I.E, Ebana, R.U.B.

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: In the present investigation acute toxicity of potassium dichromate on Clarias batrachus (Linn) were observed. The fishes were exposed to 10.5, 12.5, 13.2 and 25.7 ppm of potassium dichromate for 96h duration. 96h Lc50 value for potassium dichromate was 13.2 ppm which was calculated by Probit analysis method. The physicochemical parameters of tap water used for experiment were also recorded pH 7.0-7.5, DO 8.5-10.0 mg/l, Total hardness 125.9 mg/l, Temperature 28.5-30.90c and Salinity 25.8-27.5psu.The morphological changes like mucus secretion from body surface, discoloration of skin, swelling on barbels, lesions on skin, muscular bleeding, and hemorrhage in fins were observed. Behavioral changes like unbalanced swimming, vertical and downward swimming, restlessness, loss of equilibrium and balance in water, jumping and jerking and difficulty in getting oxygen were also observed during the whole study. Therefore fish population exposed to chromium in natural lotic water bodies by different sources gets depleted.

Keywords: Behavioral changes, Clarias batrachus, Lc50, Morphological changes, Potassium dichromate.

Title: Acute Toxicity of Potassium Dichromate on Behavioral Response and Morphological Aspects of Clarias batrachus (Linn)

Author: Fozia Ali, A.K.Biswas, V.K.Kakaria

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Jathi pond 250.88 N’ Latitude 840.74 E’ Longitude, Chapra town is situated on  the bank of  Saryu River on the Southern side near the Gandak on the Eastern side. Jathi pond located about 1 km away from Chapra Kacheri Railway Station. This pond falls on the road side and near the railway line towards Musarakh Railway Station. The whole water area of the pond is about 3 hectares and depth of water varies from 1 meter to 5 meters. During the flood and rainy season the water area is further increased. The bank of pond is made of soils only and source of water is rain and also form flood of Saryu and Gandak rivers. The nutritional constituent and mineral contents of fresh water snail Pilla globosa  from Jathi Pond, Chapra was investigated  carried out using the methods outline in the Department of Zoology lab, DAVPG College, Siwan.  The results obtained showed that the snail contained 76.32%±0.84  The nutritional constituent and mineral contents of the fresh water snail (Pila globosa) from Jathi Pond, Chapra, Bihar, was investigated. This was moisture, 10.67%± 0.15 protein, 0.06%± 0.02 lipids, 5.54% ±0.11 ash, 0.03%± 0.01 crude fibre and 7.40%± 0.06 Nitrogen free extract.  The following  nutrient  were found to be present in the snail. These were calcium 129.18± 0.77mg/100g, potassium 71.13 ±0.51mg/100g, phosphorous 60.52 ±0.35mg/100g, iron 10.19 ±0.19, sodium 0.04± 0.01mg/100g, magnesium 31.19± 0.57mg/100g and zinc 1.31± 0.03mg/100g. This study therefore places Pila globosa as a good source of major and micro- elements and a good source of healthy food for proper growth and development of the body. Its production either from the wild or cultured environment could be a good source of income for the teaming population. 

Keywords: Pila globosa, Nutritional constituent, Major and Micro element, Environment,  Population etc.

Title: Proximate Analysis and Nutritional Constituent of the Fresh Water Apple Snail (Pila globosa) from Jathi Pond, District, Chapra (Saran) Bihar

Author: Dr.Bibhuti Dutta Singh

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is one of the most important commercial crop produced in the state of Bihar. Biology, life history, preliminary behaviour of mating and egg laying and laboratory rearing of Pyrilla perpusilla walker (Homoptera: Lophopidae).  The bug is one of the serious insect pests of sugarcane in Rampur-Rudra, Bihar. Female Pyrilla perpusilla has a pre oviposition period of 8.8 ± 1.077 days and the average fecundity was 133±10.2 eggs. Eggs are laid in clusters on both the lower (abaxial surface) and upper surface (adaxial surface) of sugarcane leaves preferably on lower surface and are covered with white waxy filaments. The eggs are white, oval and have a mean length of 1.04±0.148mm. Incubation period was 6.9±0.87 days in the field conditions and 6.8±0.81 days in cage conditions. There were five nymphal instars and nymphal phase was 40-60 days. Longevity of the adult female was significantly greater than that of males. Analysis of aggregated sampling data for males and females showed that the sex ratio was 1:1.

Keywords: Pyrilla perpusilla, Sugarcane planthopper, Incubation, Sugarcane, Nymph etc.

Title: Biological Study And Its Major Control Of Lophopid  Planthopper  Pyrilla  perpusilla Walker (Homoptera : Lophopidae), A Sugarcane Pest in Certain Areas Of Bihar, Rampur -Rudra, District Chapra (Saran), Bihar (INDIA)

Author: Dr. Bibhuti Dutta Singh

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The traditional and alternative systems of medicine depend on large number of medicinal plants, which possess therapeutic properties. The medicinal plants, Nardostachys jatamansi and Adhatoda vasica are two such pharmacologically important plants widely grown in India, Tropical and Sub- Tropical countries. In view of its medicinal values, this study aimed to analyze the phytoconstituents of methanolic extracts of these plants through phytochemical screening and metabolic fingerprinting which was carried out by HPTLC and GC-MS analysis. Total phenol and flavonoid content was evaluated followed by measurement of antioxidant ability by radical scavenging assessment using 1,1,Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The preliminary data showed the presence of significant amount of flavonoid, phenols and radical scavenging capability comparable to standard antioxidant Ascorbic Acid. The presence of diverse nature of secondary metabolites in methanolic extracts of these plants was confirmed by HPTLC analysis, whereas the GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of at least 23 and 24 metabolites in N. jatamansi and A. vasica respectively. These metabolites consisted of fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, alkane hydrocarbons and esters known to have potent pharmacological effects. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the pharmacological importance of these plants that can be exploited in conventional therapeutic use.

Keywords: Nardostachys jatamansi, Adhatoda vasica, Phytochemical Analysis, HPTLC, GC-MS.

Title: Phytochemical Screening and Metabolic Profiling of Nardostachys jatamansi and Adhatoda vasica

Author: Rasha Irshad, Rayees. A.  Padder, Sayeed Ahmed, Mohammad Husain

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: SDS-PAGE protein profiling and RAPD techniques have been found to be highly useful and accurate for the determination of both inter-specific and intraspecific genetic variations in plants. In present investigation five accessions of Mucuna pruriens were taken for protein profiling using SDS-PAGE marker and protein profiling and UPGMA cluster analysis and selected three cultivars the samples were analyzed for genetic variation by RAPD analysis using three random primers for each seed samples. On the basis of RAPD cluster analysis Mucuna pruriens accessions were also grouped into two clusters. Major cluster I consisted of two accessions sharing 30.0% similarity. The Similarity value for all the accession ranged from 15.0% to 82.0%. The findings of the molecular markers were substantiating each other.

Keywords: Mucuna pruriens, protein profiling, SDS-PAGE marker.

Title: Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Mucuna pruriens cultivars using SDS-PAGE and RAPD Markers

Author: Anil Kumar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The aim of the study was to extract the Bacteriocin from Staphylococcus aureus and optimize its production using different components and conditions. The research was also designed to know the effect of extracted Bacteriocin on different pathogenic bacteria. The production of Bacteriocin at the commercial level is very cost effective and limited. As many bacteria have the ability to produce Bacteriocin. Staphylococcus aureus was used as a source for the production of Bacteriocin. The study was designed to isolate Staphylococcus aureus from skin followed by the extraction of Bacteriocin. The effect of extracted Bacteriocin was checked on various pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, E.coli, Listeria, Lactobacillus, Klebsiella and also optimization of the process of Bacteriocin production was performed. The optimization parameters used were temperature, pH, different carbon sources, nitrogen sources and varying salt concentration. The media containing Glucose as a carbon source, Beef extract as a nitrogen source, having 1% salt concentration at pH 6 and at 32 ⁰C temperature yielded maximum Bacteriocin production. The study concluded that Bacteriocin produced from Staphylococcus aureus is effective against pathogenic bacteria and hence can be used as a food preservative.

Keywords: Bacteriocin, BHIB, Optical density, Aureocins.

Title: Optimization of production of bacteriocin from Staphylococcus aureus

Author: Neha, Dr. Bharti Mittu, Dr. Zarina Begum, Dr. Harjot Pal Kaur

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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