Vol 3 Issue 3 July 2015-September 2015

Abstract: The present study aims to find out the karate and non - karate students on cognitive functioning. In the present study a sample of 60 college students were selected by convenient sampling method. The sample was chosen from the various colleges, in Chennai. The age group of the sample ranged from 18 to 24 years. 30 sample were professional Karate students and 30 sample were non karate students. Data were collected by advanced progressive matrices (APM) for intelligence, Flinder’s decision making questionnaire for Decision making, PGI memory scale for memory, The Wallach and Kogan creativity instrument of creativity. To find out the difference between in intelligence, decision making, memory and creativity among karate and non-karate was analyzed by mean, standard deviations and “t” test were worked out to identify the difference. At the conclusion of the analysis, it was found that there is no significant difference between karate and non-karate students on cognitive.

Keywords: Advanced progressive matrices (APM), karate and non-karate students.

Title: A Comparative Study of Karate and Non-Karate Students on Cognitive Functioning

Author: T.Gopinath

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOLE) on the CCL4 intoxicated rats. The antioxidative effect on the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were investigated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxicated rats pretreated with MOLE or Silymarin and α-Tocopherol. HPLC analysis of ME revealed that Ellagic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound. Pretreatment with MOLE or Silymarin significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the serum levels of AST and ALT and MDA in the liver of CCl4 treated rats. Pretreatment with MOLE increased the antioxidant activity of liver GSH. Histological analysis of liver tissues in groups pretreated with MOLE and Silymarin showed mild necrosis and inflammation of the hepatocytes compared to the CCl4-intoxicated rats.

Keywords: Hepatoprotective, liver damage, Moringa oleifera, Silymarin.

Title: Hepatoprotective Effect of Ellagic Acid Rich Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaves on the CCL4 Intoxicated Rats

Author: Mohamed K.Abd El-Rahman, Amira Sh. Soliman, M.Khairy S.Morsi, M. A. Mehrez

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The aim of the present study is to find out the Decision Making and Emotional Intelligence among introverts and extroverts in college students. In the present study a sample of 60 college students was selected by convenience sampling method from presidency college, Chennai. The age group of the sample ranged from 18 to 25 years.  Data were collected by Myers – Briggs Type indicator (MBTI) for introverts and extroverts, Filnders Decision Making Questioner for Decision Making, Emotional Intelligence scale for Emotional Intelligence. Mean, correlation, standard deviation and‘t’ test done for research findings. In the conclusion of the analysis there is no difference between introverts and extroverts for their decision making skills and emotional intelligence.

Keywords: Decision Making Skills and Emotional Intelligence, introverts and extroverts.

Title: The Study of Decision Making and Emotional Intelligence among Introverts and Extroverts in College Students

Author: T. Gopinath

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death and in now a days Vegetable and fruit consumption is inversely associated with cancer incidence and mortality and Antioxidants from fruits and vegetables have been extensively studied for their free radical scavenging activities to prevent the occurrence of chronic degenerative diseases. The fruits which are high in polyphenols are reported to have antioxidant and chemotherapeutic potential. There is a major need for less toxic but yet effective therapies to treat cancer. Pomegranate has been shown to exert anticancer and antioxidant activity, which is generally attributed to its high content of polyphenols. This review provides that pomegranate targets a broad spectrum of genes and proteins to suppress cancer growth and progression it was shown that pomegranate juice (PJ) and/or pomegranate extracts (PE) significantly inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in culture and also inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human pancreatic cancer cells, Colon cancer (CACO) and in Hepato-cellular carcinoma (HepGII) cell lines.

Keywords: Pomegranate Juice, Breast Cancer, Human Pancreatic cancer, Colon Cancer, Hepato-Cellular carcinoma.

Title: Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of the Pomogranate and Their Role in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Author: Swathi Sudhakar, Dhivya Venugopal, Vignesh D, Karthikeyan S

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: In the present study, an attempt was made to examine the ability of bacterial isolates to degrade kerosene. Oil-contaminated soil samples from various locations at Kottayam were used for isolating oil degrading microorganisms. Production of biosurfactants and increased emulsification index by the isolates enhanced their oil degrading ability. The biosurfactant producing ability of the microorganisms was determined by hemolytic assay, drop collapse test and methylene blue agar plate method. The isolated organisms which showed increased biosurfactant production and emulsification index were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. based on their biochemical characteristics. Pseudomonas sp. reduced kerosene from 25ml to11.8ml, Bacillus sp.  From 25ml to 12ml and Serratia sp. from 25ml to 13.2ml within a period of 15days. The emulsifying bacteria were able to transform kerosene into an emulsion. These bacterial isolates can be used to remove oil from oil-polluted areas.

Keywords: Kerosene, biodegradation, bio surfactant, emulsification, hydrocarbon, contamination.

Title: Biodegradation of Kerosene by Bacterial Isolates

Author: Jerish John, Roshini Susan Elias, Dr. M. Balasundaran, Dr. Punnen Kurian

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: A total of 10 herds (with 492 cattle) and 22 market White Fulani cattle were examined for the prevalence of lameness in Karu and Keffi Local Government areas of Nasarawa state, Nigeria respectively. Out of the 492 cattle examine in Karu 100(20.3%) were male and the remaining 392 (79.7%) were female. About 21(4.3%) cattle showed evidence of lameness with a total prevalence of 4.3%. Out of which 16 (76.2%) were male and 5 (23.8%) were female. There was a statistical significant association among the sex group (P< 0.05) . The odd of Lameness occurrence in male is having a value of 14.743 over the female, indicating that male is prone to lameness than female. Out of the 22 market cattle examined in Keffi, all were positive for lameness, out of which 19(86.4%) were male and 3(13.6%) were female. There was no statistical significant association between the sex group and occurrence of lameness (P>0.05). The common conditions that predisposed cattle to lameness were bruises of the limb, Foot and Mouth Disease, Fracture, Joint problems, over grown hoof and Trauma.

Keywords: Prevalence, Lameness, Cattle, karu, keffi local government area and Nasarawa.

Title: Prevalence of Lameness among Cattle Found In Karu and Keffi Local Government Areas of Nasarawa State

Author: I.U. Hambali, M. Zakariah, D. Jidda, N.B. Adamu, A.O. Tijjani, A.M. Saidu, J. R. Lawal, A. M. Wakil, S. M. Jajere, F. B. Mustapha, A. Mohammed

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The increasing use of synthetic dyes is alarming and their discharge as textile waste may cause substantial ecological damage. Biological decolorization of dye using microorganisms is an environmental friendly, cost-competitive and an alternate to chemical methods. This study involves in decolorization and biodegradation of Congo red dye using Tricholoma sp. a common fungus. This azo dye is a major constituent present in most of the textile mill. The fungal mycelia grown in nutrient-rich and poor liquid mediums were used to biodegrade Congo red dye. The results indicate the capacity of the mushroom, Tricholoma sp. to biodegrade Congo red dye in nutrient rich medium, in a dye concentration of 1.10-5 Mol.dm-3, with the best results obtained at pH of 6.5.

Keywords: Tricholoma, Congo red, Biodegradation, Dye decolonization.

Title: Biodegradation of Congo red Dye by the Mushroom Tricholoma Species

Author: S AghizionInbakani, S Nirmala, R Siva

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The preset study supports previous finding that Vitamin A can induce and accelerates lens regeneration in pigmented epithelial calls (PECs) of dorsal iris in Swiss albino mice. In Lens regeneration, several workers shown that Vitamin A possess the mitogenic activity which causes functional impairment of retinoid receptors and thereby inhibits the lens regeneration. The purpose of present study to understanding the DNA base pair difference between normal lens and regenerated lens DNA. The work was mainly based on histological and molecular aspects of lens regeneration. The study concludes that the base pairs of regenerated lens DNA and normal lens DNA were almost similar except these SNPs. There may be some mutation or aberration of DNA base pair alignment present in regenerated DNA base pair compare to normal DNA base pair.

Keywords: Pigmented epithelial calls (PECs), DNA, Young Swiss Albino Mice.

Title: DNA Sequencing of Regenerated Lens under the Influence of Vitamin - A In Young Swiss Albino Mice

Author: Vikram Singh Bhati

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The goal of this review paper is to bring awareness among the people that life can exists in sun. Even though sun is a star it is capable of supporting fire based life forms in its atmospheric region.

Keywords: Sun, fire, Photosphere, Life, Star.

Title: Life in Sun

Author: Praveen Samuel .J

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Harvester ants (Messor galla) are very active pest which carry away small grains from store, and they also remove planted seed from planting holes thereby causing poor seedling establishment, therefore seed are dressed by chemical pesticides before planting. The seed dressing chemicals are not available resources of poor farmers, so after seedling establishment they continue to supply missing stands leading to staggered planting. This unavailability has led to the search for alternative seed dressing agent that will be readily available and cheap for the use of the resource poor farmers. The research was conducted in university of Maiduguri. The effectiveness of the neem formulation as seed dressing agents against harvester ants (Messor galla forel) was investigated using field experiment. Treatment agent used are neem seed powder, neem seed oil, neem seed aqueous extract and apronstar 42 WS. Among the various treatment agent used, the result indicated that neem seed oil is the most effective treatment agent. The result in general indicated that neem seed oil formulations is better than apronstar 42 WS which is one of recommended seeds dressing chemicals. The result of the toxicity test also indicated that neem seed oil is very toxic to harvester ants, next to it is the apronstar 42 WS. Neem seed powder and neem seed aqueous extract are less effective than neem seed oil and apronstar in terms of toxicity.

Keywords: Messor galla, Apron star 42 WS, Neem, Seeds, seed dressing agents.

Title: Comparative Study of Azadirachta Indica and Apronster42WS as Seed Dressing Agents against Messor Galla in Borno State, Nigeria

Author: Jacob Sule Ngwamah, Rebecca S. Naphtali Shitta, Kefas Babale

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Due to rapid growth of the food processing industry and the consumption of processed foods, the demand for natural antimicrobial agents is on the rise. Consumers have become more aware about the health effects of the synthetic preservatives used in food. Hence natural preservatives are developed to meet the demand of consumers. These natural antimicrobials are developed either from plants or their parts, animals or even micro organisms. Even the waste generated from the food industries is being considered as an alternative to produce natural antimicrobials. The aim of the present study was to utilize the waste generated from the citrus fruit processing (peel) industry. The essential oil was extracted from the peel by hydro distillation process and was checked further for antimicrobial activity against food borne pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella species and Candida albicans using agar disc diffusion assay .The essential oil from the citrus (orange, sweet lime and lemon) peel was found to show inhibitory effect against all the organisms tested and thus showed broad spectrum activity. Comparison between the inhibitory activities of 3 essential oils was carried out. Lemon peel oil was found to show the most inhibitory effect as compared to orange peel oil and sweet lime peel oil. The results suggest that citrus peel oil can be used as natural preservative over other synthetic preservatives to minimize the ill effects of these synthetic preservatives and protect consumer health.

Keywords: citrus peel oil, natural antimicrobial agent, food borne pathogens, citrus essential oil.

Title: Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus Sinensis (Orange), Citrus Limetta (Sweet Lime) and Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil on Selected Food Borne Pathogens

Author: Shalu Hasija, Geeta Ibrahim, Ashok Wadia

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Stereospermum colais leaves were extracted with hexane, acetone and aqueous. These extracts were subjected to antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging method. The rate of oxygen scavenging and phytochemical properties was identified with the same extracts. The aqueous showed higher rate of oxygen scavenging than acetone and hexane. The leaves are found to be having the wound healing properties.

Keywords: Stereospermum colais, Antioxidant – DPPH assay, Phytochemical, BHT.

Title: Investigation of phytochemical and antioxidant property of Stereospermum colais

Author: A.Sangeetha, V.Sandhya

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The non-invasive circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) approach – a liquid biopsy – is revolutionizing a paradigm shift in how cancer is detected, monitored and treated. In contrast to single-site, single time-point sampling by tissue biopsy, real-time and longitudinal mutation profile derived from tumor-specific cfDNA could potentially inform better and faster clinical decision-making, monitor tumor dynamics, assess response to treatment and identify mutations associated with acquired drug resistance. However, cfDNA analysis requires large volume of blood due to its relatively low amount in circulation and poor extraction efficiency of current methodologies. To overcome these major challenges, we have developed a proprietary cfDNA recovery technology with unique features of ultra-low input and ultra-high output. In this study, we evaluated our method side-by-side with the industry standard Qiagen kit, for the yield, cfDNA amplifiability and mutation detection from patient plasma.

Compared to Qiagen cfDNA extraction kit using different chemistry and different workflow, our approach allowed high-yield cfDNA enrichment directly from droplet volumes of unprocessed plasma, leading to >100-fold more recovery. NGS studies with cfDNA from 17 cancer plasma and 2 spiked samples further demonstrated the superiority of our protocol over Qiagen kit in generating more usable, on-target, high-quality ≥Q20 reads, and detecting more mutations.

Our cfDNA preparation breakthrough enables clinicians and laboratories to work with a sample volume as small as 20 microliters (via a finger-prick), in contrast to the current requirement of 10-20 milliliters, further expedite clinical decision-making and identify targeted therapies for eligible patients in a time- and cost-efficient manner.

Keywords: Cell-free DNA, liquid biopsy, blood-drop, next-generation sequencing.

Title: Next-Generation Targeted Sequencing of Circulating Cell-Free DNA from Droplet Volumes of Blood

Author: Jonathan Spurgin, Andrew Ford, John Athanasuleas, Chen-Hsiung Yeh

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Free-range chickens naturally infected with helminths, were randomly divided into three groups. Groups A and B were given 1000 and 500 mg of dried powdered Artemisia capillaris leaves, respectively. Group D was given 100 mg / 10 mg Niclosamide + Levamisole (positive control), while Group C was given nothing (negative control). Chickens included in Group C were randomly selected from the flock not detected for the presence of helminths. Using flotation technique, the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) was determined. Statistical analysis after treatment the EPG’s of group A, B and D were significantly reduced compared to group C. Fecal egg reduction test was used to estimate the efficacy of powdered Artemisia capillaris as an antihelminthic. The percent efficacies of group A, 76.56% (A. galli), 69.72 % (Capillaria spp.), 7.5 (Strongyloides spp.) and for Group B, 81.48% (Ascaridia galli), 22.5% (Capillaria spp.), -62.5 %, -10% (Strongyloides spp.). Based from the given statistics the antihelminthic efficacy of A. capillaris was responsible for the varying helminth egg per gram at fecal analysis following treatment. Successful reduction in worm burden can be witnessed with proper dosage and extended experimental period.   

Keywords: Antihelmintic, Artemisia capillaris, Ascaridia galli, Capillaria spp., Strongyloides spp., free-range chickens.

Title: The Antihelminthic Efficacy of Artemisia Capillaris in Free-Range Chickens Naturally Infected with Ascaridia Galli, Capillaria Spp and Strongyloides Spp

Author: Oliver R. Alaijos, Raymundo F. Javier

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Water is essential for all known life forms; water pollution and the destruction of ecosystems continue to increase. River waters pollution with dangerous microbes, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, as well as fungi, has been on steady increase in the recent past. The major source of microbes in water is faeces from human and other mammals. The study aimed at determining water borne enteric pathogens in the water of Thiba River and its tributaries and health implications to the users downstream. The samples were collected from Thiba River, which is located in Kirinyaga County. A cross sectional sampling design was used in this study. Isolation of bacteria was done on various types of media. Characterization and identification of the isolates was performed by morphological and biochemical methods. The enumeration of enteric bacteria revealed that the number of faecal coliform (E. coli) in water was higher than standard set by World Health Organization (WHO). The number of faecal coliform (E. coli) was varying in different seasons and at different stages of the river. The health impact of that unsafe drinking water could be the prevalence of waterborne diarrhoeal diseases in the population. A moderate correlation was observed between the Densities of faecal coliform and diarrhoeal cases in the area under study. Such water with a high number of total and faecal coliform could be the potential sources of waterborne bacterial pathogens. As it is evident from the study, 8 bacteria genera were isolated and identified as follows; Escherichia, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Serratia, Citrobacter and Vibrio. The frequency of isolation of the organisms identified varied as follows; E. coli (38%), Salmonella (19%), Klebsiella (9%), Proteus (9%), Enterobacter (7%), Erwinia (6%), Serratia (4%), Shigella (4%), Citrobacter (3%) and Vibrio (1%). The study has demonstrated that Thiba river harbour diverse potentially pathogenic bacteria species. Seventy isolates were obtained, characterized and identified. Thiba River is contaminated with human and animal waste, the contamination is more in the midstream and downstream where human activities are most active. There is contamination of Thiba River during the rainy season and this happens more at the mid and downstream. The results demonstrate the presence of contaminants in the environment and exposure to potential disease causing agents. Emphasis thus needs to be put into the application of proper hygienic practices to reduce the risk of infection especially from food handlers. Efforts by the Kirinyaga county government to avail sanitation facilities in the slum and villages that use the water from Thiba River will prevent contamination of the river by both human and animal waste.

Keywords: Water pollution, Coliforms, Enteric pathogens, Thiba river.

Title: Morphological Characterization of Enteric Pathogens in Thiba River of Kirinyaga County, Kenya

Author: Emily Wambui Muriuki, Stanley Kang`ethe, Jonathan Mwangi, Mbaruk Suleiman

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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