Vol 2 Issue 4 October 2014-December 2014

Abstract: vigna radiata l. (mungbean) is one of the most important pulse crops for protein supplement in a subtropical zone of the world, as it is the best alternative to meet the food needs of the large population of developing countries due to its nutritional superiority. The performance of two mungbean genotypes sml-668 and mh-318 to potassium fertilization 0.00, 1.54, 2.31and 3.08 mmol dm^-3 in addition to the existing level of 1.32 mmol dm^-3 in the soil medium was investigated under water stress conditions on nitrogen fixation and its attributes.  Water stress (soil moisture contents 4.5 ± 0.5 %) was created by withholding irrigation at different growth stage. Water stress resulted in marked decrease in leghemoglobin and the activity of enzymes of nitrogen assimilation i.e. Nitrate reductase (nra) and nitrite reductase (nira) activity in both the genotypes. The nitrogen fixation were least affected when crop was stressed at the vegetative stage. Potassium treated plants maintained higher values for number of nodules, leghemoglobin content, nitrogenase, nitrate and nitrite reductase activity. The nitrogen fixation were least affected when crop was stressed at the vegetative stage. The reduction was relatively more in mh-318 genotype as compared to sml-668. This study provides direct evidence of the beneficial functions of potassium fertilization in mitigating the adverse effects of water stress on nitrogen fixation and its attributes.

Keywords: Leghemoglobin, Nitrogenase, Nitrate reductase, Potassium, Vigna radiata L., Water stress

Title: Interactive effect of different level of potassium on characters related to nitrogen fixation in Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek under water stress

Author: Nisha Kataria, Narender Singh

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The main cause of serious haze in China is firstly pointed out to be vast spraying herbicide. Several interesting tests demonstrate hazards of spraying herbicide and its connection to haze concerning formation of poisonous gas and tiny powders. Respiratory infectious disease is also presumed to have some connection to herbicide. In terms of countermeasures, burning firewood and domestic garbage in suitable stove near trees is pointed out to be effective way to fight against herbicide and haze through decomposing poisonous gas in high temperature and absorption tiny poisonous powders by high temperature oil steam.

Keyword: Haze, garage disposal, burning, countermeasures, respiratory diseases.

Title: Herbicide: The Cause of Haze and Corresponding Counter Measurements

Author: Qiyuan Lu, Aolin Lu

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Bio ethanol is a liquid bio fuel which can be produced from several different biomass feed stocks and conversion technologies. Ligno-cellulosic waste materials such as fruit waste, agricultural waste, biodiesel waste glycerol and bagasse can be used to produce bio ethanol. Bio ethanol is identical to ethanol from other sources but has the advantage that the raw materials required to produce bio ethanol are highly abundant, diverse, and renewable. Bio ethanol produced from ligno-cellulosic materials, shows energetic, economic and environmental advantages in comparison to bio ethanol from starch or molasses. Ligno-cellulosic waste materials can be processed to rupture cell walls and liberate the sugars needed to produce ethanol. Cellulose molecules are similar to starch and contain long chains of glucose molecules. However, their structural configuration and the encapsulation by lignin make cellulosic materials comparatively more difficult to hydrolyze than starchy materials. Cellulose requires hydrolysis to liberate the cellulose and hemicelluloses from the lignin encapsulation and access its crystalline structure. This can be performed by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic material. The extracted sugar molecules from the ligno-cellulosic material need to be converted into ethanol by submerged batch fermentation. Quantitative estimation of bio ethanol produced was carried out by biochemical method and by using a gas chromatograph.

Keywords:  Molasses, Lignin, Cellulose, Ethanol, Glycerol, Gas chromatography.

Title: Quantitative Estimation of Bioethanol Produced From Lignocellulosic &   Household Wastes

Author: Mrs. Bindu Elizabeth Koshy, Dr. Fanish Kumar Pandey, Dr. Tripti Bhatnagar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Theileraia annulata is a blood protozoon and is transmitted by ticks.The disease it causes in dairy cows is termed as ‘Theileriosis’, a serious constraint in the upgradation programme for high yielding dairy cows which often leads to economic crisis in dairy industry. Blood smear examination and haematology are quick and routinely used diagnostic tests by field veterinarians. A total of 117 cows were screened for Theileria annulata infection out of which, 28 were positive for infection. Present note for field vets deals with general clinical aspects of Theileria annulata infection in dairy cows. 

Keywords: Theileria annulata, Ticks, Dairy Cows, Theileriosis.

Title: Tick-borne Theileria annulata infection in dairy cows: A short note for field vets

Author: Dhaval V. Modi, Chirag M. Bhadesiya

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Coconut oil based products have been a part of traditional medicine from ancient times and was used as oilment in all kinds of illness. But the lack of proper knowledge where in coconut oil was an ingredient. In addition to this, there has been propaganda against the consumption of coconut oil due to its saturated fat content. The use of coconut oil and its various effects have been on of the long debated issues of the health sector.

Keywords: Coconut oil, Medicine, medicinal benefits, Skin care.

Title: Medicinal Benefits of Coconut Oil

Author: G. S. Vala, P. K. Kapadiya

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The present research work involved antifungal analysis of leaf aqueous extract of trees and plants of Myrtacea family. The aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava, Syzygium cumini, Aegle marmelos, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Callistemon lanceolatus, Citrus limonum, Combretum indicum, Calliandra haematocephala, Polyalthia longifolia were made from the leaves of the plants and were tested against a no. of plant pathogenic fungi namely, Alternaria alternata, Alternaria pori, Alternaria solani, Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium crysogenum, Colletotrichum capsici.

The present In-vitro study demonstrated that extracts 80%conc.of aqueous extracts show maximum antifungal activity against Aspergillus Niger. Maximum all plant leaf extracts show maximum zone of inhibition but Aegle marmelos show maximum result against Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus Niger, & in 50% conc. Polyalthia longifolia show maximum antifungal against Alternaria alternata. Maximum 80% conc. of aqueous leaf extracts was found more effective compare to 50% conc.of aqueous extracts against Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus Niger.

Keywords: Medicinal plant, Antifungal activity, aqueous extracts, plant pathogens.

Title: Comparative Analysis and In-vitro Antifungal activities of Myrtaceae aqueous extracts

Author: Shruti Sharma, Tripti Bhatnagar, Fanish Kumar Pandey

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this study, a section of the human CDKN2A gene was obtained from unknown individuals and analyzed for the purpose of detecting any probable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). The exon-2 of this gene was chosen because its mutation was previously reported to be associated with malignant melanoma. At first, suitable primers were designed for a specific region of the CDKN2A gene including exon-2 and later the area was amplified several times at different temperatures through polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The PCR products of 60°C with 250ng human placental DNA was extracted for quantification and sequencing. After the sequencing, the three CDKN2A gene transcripts were found to be a 100% match with the database in NCBI and. no SNP was detected. However, in the genomic sequences, an insertion of nucleotide was detected in the intron of this gene. Furthermore, protein translation in 5’-3’ open reading frame was significant.

Keyword: CDKN2A, SNP, malignant melanoma, PCR.

Title: The Human CDKN2A Gene: Analyzing How Mutations of a Section of the Gene Can Be Associated with Malignant Melanoma

Author: Md. Anisur Rahman, Abdullah Al Maruf, Dr. Repon Kumer Saha, Ivor H. Evans

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Pneumonia is a common illness in all parts of the world. It is a major cause of death among all age groups. In children, the majority of deaths occur in the newborn period, with over two million worldwide deaths a year. In fact, the WHO estimates that one in three newborn infant deaths is due to pneumonia. Antibiotics and some supportive drugs are given commonly as the treatment of pneumonia in hospitals. This retrospective study was designed to observe the adherence of the prescribing practices of hospitalized children suffering from pneumonia with the essential drug list (EDL) of Bangladesh. During the ten-months study period, 532 children (under 5 years of age) suffering from Pneumonia were enrolled from the Institutes of Child Health & Shisu Sasthya Foundation Hospital, Mirpur, Dhaka. The study revealed that cephalosporin alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside was the most common antibiotic prescribed for the treatment of children suffering from pneumonia. But surprisingly this given treatment had very insignificant (7.98%) adherence with the essential drug list (EDL) of Bangladesh. This study, therefore, suggests the need for updating the EDL of Bangladesh with modern evidence. Furthermore, countywide multicenter research with a larger sample can be carried out to consolidate the observation of this study.

Keyword: Pneumonia, Essential Drug List, Ceftriaxone, Prescription, EDL.

Title: Current Prescribing Practices for the Hospitalized Children Suffering From Pneumonia With Respect To Essential Drug List of Bangladesh

Author: Md. Anisur Rahman, Hamza Hemal

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: A total 11 Actinomycetes strains were isolated from the Noida.  Soil sample had been screened for their antibacterial activity. They were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on 4 tests Organism. The culture characteristics of isolates were also studies in different culture media. The results indicated that 11 Actinomycetes isolates were highly active against Staphylococcusaureus and Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Enterobacter, Streptococcus strains. 11 Actinomycetes isolates were highly active with an inhibition zone more than 20 mm in diameter. Most of the isolates inhibited growth of the Gram negative bacteria tested. All the antibiotic producing actinomycetes were isolated at 28°C from soil. 11 Actinomycetes isolates showed activity against bacteria in which most of them from alkaline soil. Where the less interference by human for agriculture or other purpose. These micro-organisms may have capability to produce some of the most important medicines ever developed.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Antibiotics drugs resistance, Soil sample.

Title: Isolation and Characterization of Actinomycetes from Soil and Screening Their Antibacterial Activities against Different Microbial Isolates

Author:  Jyoti Tyagi, Tripti Bhatnagar, Dr. Fanish Kumar Pandey

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of essential oils against Botrytis cinerea, and Alternaria solani. Mixtures of essential oils with yeast "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" showed high inhibitor effect against the pathogenic growth.

On the light of these results the usage of the proposed combination of oil and yeast   could be suggested for application against decay of tomato diseases in green houses. Therefore, as these agents are active at low concentrations, they could be used in the formulation of natural preparations, and thereby could be proposed in therapeutic or hygienic contexts.

Keywords: Essential oils, mint, rosemary, lavender, antifungal activity, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, tomato.

Title: Effect of Certain Natural Materials on Tomato Diseases Control

Author: Hayyan Ismaeil Al-Taweil, Khalid Al Jamhan

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3164 (online), ISSN 2348-3156 (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional chemicals and drugs is a serious and evident worldwide problem that has prompted research into the identification of new biocides with broad activity. Plants and their derivatives, such as essential oils, are often used in folk medicine. In the present study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity in the leaf Water extracts and EO of Mentha piperita L. against pathogenic bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus aureus.

The screening was performed by standard disc diffusion method. Essential oil of peppermint exhibited highest antibacterial activity with 12.00 mm mean zone of inhibition. The Water extract of peppermint also possessed antibacterial activity with 9.00 mm mean zone of inhibition. Comparing with chloremphemicol as control.

Keywords: Mentha piperita L., antibacterial activity, leaf extracts, essential oil.

Title: Antimicrobial Effect of Mint Essential Oils on Some Pathogenic Bacteria

Author: Hayyan, I, Al-Taweil

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Tremendous efforts for adaptation, development, updating and implementation of minimally invasive surgical approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of challenging diseases and/or disorders of animals have been made for advanced veterinary clinical practice. Endoluminal stent placement in luminal bodily passages in animals is one such advancement and is under experimental trials in India for its veterinary applications. The current short note deals with the usage of stent on animals in experimental laboratories and veterinary clinics.

Keywords: Endoluminal stent, advancement, bodily passage, veterinary, India.

Title: Endoluminal Stents in Veterinary Practice: A Short Note

Author: Chirag M. Bhadesiya

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Actinomycetes are one of the most attractive sources of antibiotics.  In the present studies, total of 11 Actinomycetes strains were isolated from the Noida, U.P. India. Isolated strains were identified for their antifungal activity these isolates showed good result, they were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on 4 strains of pathogenic microorganism such as (Asp. niger, Alternaria alternata, Alternaria solani & Alternaria pori). Isolation of Actinomycetes strain was obtained by Serial dilution method and grown on actinomycetes isolation agar. Antifungal compounds were checked against fungal culture.  The culture characteristics of isolates were also studies in different culture media. The results indicated that 11 Actinomycetes isolates were highly active against Alternaria pori and Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternate, Alternaria solani strains. Out of 11  Actinomycetes isolates 5 isolates showed a inhibition higher than 50% for the above mentioned plant pathogenic fungi. Thus, these isolates could be developed into formulations for non toxic, non chemical fungicide for use on crops.

Keywords: Antifungal activity, Actinomycetes, Alternaria sp., inhibition percentage.

Title: Isolation and Characterization of Actinomycetes from Soil and Screening Their Antifungal Activities

Author: Jyoti tyagi, Tripti Bhatnagar, Fanish Pandey

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Petroleum products are running out of race due to unbalanced relation between demand and supply besides air pollution. Bio ethanol is alcohol made by fermentation and the same can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form. Lignin portion of the plant raw materials can be converted into fuel components by fermentation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most useful yeast having been used in the fermentation process. Agricultural wastes have been used for the bio ethanol production after lignin degradation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Orange peel, and agricultural wastes like vegetable peel offs weeds (Parthenium) were used as substrates. A pH of 5- 5.5 was maintained in all samples to have the optimum growth of microorganisms. The maximum concentration of was found to be 34% in orange peel, 32% in Pine apple and 39% in agricultural wastes. At a pH of 5-5.5, the optimised conditions of sugar molasses are of temperatures 35 degree celcius and Time 72 hours which gave maximum ethanol yield of 39%. The strength and persistence of bio ethanol development is contingent on successfully addressing a number of challenges. Challenges include increasing ethanol use in current markets and expanding its use in new markets; increasing production relative to cost; developing the use of feedstocks and optimizing the environmental benefits of ethanol in comparison to the use of petroleum products.

Keywords: Agricultural wastes, Fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae,  Bio ethanol, Pineapple peel.

Title: Vehicles to Run on Household Wastes- Bio Ethanol Production from Agricultural Wastes Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Author: Bindu Elizabeth Koshy, Dr. Fanish Kumar Pandey, Dr: Tripti Bhatnagar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: India is endowed with a wide variety of plants both wild and domesticated which contribute not only to the diet of its people but obtain several valuable products like medicines, dyes, etc. nutritional contribution and the nutritive value of fruits and leaves has been already studied extensively for the intake to local population. Barks of trees have not been used in many plants specially the common trees. Although the nutritive value of these plants are not precisely known, since most indigenous trees are not cultivated on farms These are good source of macronutrients, micronutrients, etc. for determining the NV the macronutrients namely proteins, sugars and lipids have to be detected and quantified. Here the analysis has been done for Myrtaceae family as it has number of commonly seen trees.eg. Jamun, Guava, etc Jamun are the common avenue trees. Psidium guajava (guava) has been analysed to contain maximum proteins and sugars as compared to Syzgium cumini (jamun). While the lipids are very low in both the cases. Due to this the NV of guava is significantly high hence it is called “poor man’s apple of the tropics’’. The results suggest that the bark could be used significantly to the nutrient intake of local population specially the third world countries in the alternative medicines

Keywords: Psidium guajava, Syzgium cumini, macronutrients, Nutritive Value, alternative medicine.

Title: Determine the Nutritive Value in the Bark of Common Trees in the Family Myrtaceae

Author: F.K.Pandey, Tripti Bhatnagar, Sumita Bhatnagar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN2348-313X (Print)

Research Publish Journals