Vol 4 Issue 4 October 2016-December 2016

Abstract: Microalgae are fast growing aquatic photosynthetic organism, microalgae have many economic value in human life. As with any biological lipid, algal lipid is a potential feed stock for making the renewable fuel biodiesel. The present investigation was carried out to detect lipid by FTIR and extracting algal oil by soxhlet apparatus using hexane solvent, this oil was subjected to analysis for physiochemical property. The density, viscosity, moisture, flash point, acid value, calorific value were recorded as 0.85gm/cc,4.2mm2,1.8 % 2100C,54,0.5 mg of KoH/gm,9110 kal/kg. the fatty acid profile carried out with FAME and showed palmitic acid,5.81% steric acid 1.86%,olic acid 65.83% ,linoleic acid 20.10% ,linoleic acid 0.52%,Ecosenoic acid 1.22%,this analysis showed that algae oil can be raw material for biodiesel as well as can be used as food because it contain olic acid, algal biodiesel will be eco- friendly and about 50% of algal oil trans esterified in to biodiesel, algal biodiesel can be used to run the vehicle like truck, public transport Keywords: microalgae, microalgae oil, solvent extraction, fatty acid. Title: Studies on Extraction and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Micro Algal Oil Author: Chavan Dhanpal, C.N Khobragade International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Rivers in India regarded as sacred from times immemorial. The River Pariyat and River Hiran are the important main and largest river of M.P . The Pariyat and the Hiran rivers are considered lifeline of the Jabalpur city. So number of Ghats are found in all the cities from where it passes through and large human population is living near its bank. During different festivals very much spiritual and extensive pujan activities are performed. A lot of peoples come to the river for bathing, idol immersion, jaware viserjan etc. The main objective of present study was to analyze water quality changes at some festivals. The water samples collected were analyzed, as per standard method parameters such as Physico- chemical parameters like pH, Alkalinity, Total hardness, DO, BOD and Bacterial parameter E coliform and significant changes were observed on the water quality of the Jabalpur region of Hiran and coliform values indicating that river water is not safe for pilgrim’s health point of view. Further, the study suggested Pariyat Rivers. Increased pollution load deteriorating the water quality of both rivers day by day. Higher fecal that some eco-friendly water quality management strategy is required during all the festivals at different Ghats to achieve the aim of sustainable development. Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters. River water quality, Sustainable development. Title: Water Quality Assessment in Different Festivals at Pariyat River before Its Linkage with Hiran River Jabalpur (M.P.) Author: Neelam Tiwari International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Bacterial resistance refers to bacteria capacity to evade antibiotic action, which constitutes a public health issue. This resistance is given by β-lactamase enzymes that break the drug rings and alter its function. To counteract this effect, some β-lactamase inhibitors, that have a higher affinity and irreversibly bond, have been used. However, as a consequence of selective pressure, some mutations have caused enzyme-drug affinity changes. TEM-1 is a serine- β-lactamase in which this process has been proved, giving particular interest for evaluating how these mutations affect drug-enzyme binding force. When making simulations with four mutations M182T, V184A, T160H and A224V and undertaking molecular docking, a change in the affinity pattern was observed, aiding enzyme-antibiotic bindging rather than enzyme-inhibitor bindging, which would explain lab results in which the use of β-lactamase inhibitors has not been effective. Besides, with the purpose of exploring inhibition alternatives in the enzyme, simulations with one BLIP (β-lactamase inhibitor protein) were carried out, showing that the bond between β-lactamase and BLIP alters drug access to an active site. Keywords: TEM-1 β-lactamase, molecular docking, structure simulation, antibiotic resistance. Title: In silico mutations of TEM-1 β-lactamase show changes in structure and drug-enzyme affinity binding by molecular docking Author: Jose Arturo Molina-Mora, Sergio Jiménez Morgan International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Most southern Nigerian diets are laced with fat, spurring anxiety of diet-induced hyperlipidaemia. Recently, there have been a number of studies involving commonly consumed oily products, to determine the cause and effect of hyperlipidaemia on the population. In the current study, we examined the effect of egusi melon consumption on the serum lipid profile of Wistar rats, comparing results obtained with those of rats fed on normal mouse feed pellets. The dehulled seeds of Citrullus colocynthis L. obtained from the local market were ground into powder form and mixed with the normal commercial feed ration for subsequent administration to ten rats for four weeks. Another group of ten rats, serving as control were administered with the commercial feed ration only. Results show significantly lowered values of Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-Chol and LDL-Chol for rats fed with the extract of C. colocynthis. The mean TC, TG, HDL and LDL values [113.0 ± 1.4 mg/dl, 74.7 ± 2.1 mg/dl, 49.4 ± 1.1 mg/dl and 48.7 ± 2.9 mg/dl] were obtained respectively for rats fed with the melon and normal ration admixture, compared to animals fed on normal commercial feed pellet only (140.4 ±0.88 mg/dl; 85.64 ± 0.94 mg/dl; 69.56 ± 1.31 mg/dl; 53.71 ± 0.91mg/dl respectively). This study confirms recent findings that show that melon diet induces a hypolipidaemic effect. Keywords: diet, melon, lipids, heart, rats, serum. Title: The Hypolipidemic Effect of Citrullus Colocynthis Diet on the Lipid Profile of Wistar Rats Author: Akinleye, Waheed A., Ilesanmi, Ayodele O., Oni, Odunayo International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: A field study was conducted in Department of Fruit Science (Horticulture), Bharsar, Uttarakhand during 2014-15 to Studies on effect of fertilizers and pesticide on growth, yield of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Shimla Delicious. The data regarding the different growth parameters observed at different days after planting clearly indicate that the application of fertilizer and pesticide significantly affect the vegetative growth of the plant. The maximum growth in terms of height of the plant (10.83cm, 13.83 cm and 18.13 cm), number of leaves per plant (15.34, 19.44, and 28.49), fruit length (31.60 mm), fruit breadth (19.50 mm), number of fruit per plant (15.62), days to fruit maturity (36.34 days), number of runners per plant (13.61), berry weight (5.43 g), yield per plant (84.89 g), and yield per hectare were observed in treatment combination 100:80:60 kg/ha NPK + vermicompost + runners dip with imidacloprid. The least values were recorded in the treatment F4xP3 (No application of fertilizer and pesticides). Keywords: Fertilizers and Pesticide, Shimla Delicious, Fruit Science (Horticulture). Title: Studies on Effect of Fertilizers and Pesticide on Growth and Yield of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Shimla Delicious Author: Kulveer Singh, R C Mishra, Nidhika Thakur, Sanjeev Verma, Pankaj Bahuguna International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Six diverse tomato cultivars/ lines viz, Arka Saurabh, Arka Abha, Arka Meghali, Punjab Chhuhara, Best of All and Sioux, selected on the basis of high yield coupled with high quality, were crossed in a half diallel fashion to obtain fifteen cross combinations which were tested with two check cultivars HYB-Roop-666 and TS-15. Two crosses viz, Punjab Chhuhara x Best of All (15.82 %) and Arka Saurabh x Punjab Chhuhara (11.45 %) exhibited significantly positive heterobeltiosis for number of fruits per plant. Only two cross combinations viz, Best of All x Sioux (12.26%) and Arka Abha x Arka Meghali (11.32%) showed significant positive heterosis over better parent for fruits per cluster. While crosses, Arka Abha x Arka Meghali and Arka Meghali x Punjab Chhuhara showed significantly positive heterobeltiosis for fruit weight. Six cross combinations have significant estimates of heterobeltiosis in favourable direction for number of clusters per plant. Only one cross combination viz, Arka Meghali x Best of All (11.47%) resulted in significantly positive heterosis over the better parent for fruit length while four cross combinations comes up for fruit breadth. In the present studies, among the fifteen cross combinations, five crosses, viz., Arka Abha x Arka Meghali, Arka Abha x Punjab Chhuhara, Arka Meghali x Punjab Chhuhara, Arka Meghali x Best of All and Punjab Chhuhara x Best of All resulted in significant positive heterosis over better parent for fruit yield per plant. Maximum yield improvement was realized to the extent of 31.82% for the cross Punjab Chhuhara x Best of All. Keywords: Tomato, heterosis, yield, hills. Title: Experiments in Hybridization to Develop Hill Specific Hybrids in Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Author: Pawan Kumar, Ajaya Paliwal International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract and juice of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit on hormonal and spermatogenic indices of male wistar rats as proviron served as a reference standard. Twenty- four male wistar rats (150-190 g) were randomly distributed into four groups of six rats each. Group 1 served as control; group 2 received ethanolic extract of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit (ECAF) [100 mg/kg orally (p.o)]; groups 3 received juice of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit (JCAF) [100 mg/kg p.o] and groups 4 received proviron (PRV) [25mg/kg p.o]. Administration of ECAF and JCAF significantly (p<0.05) elevated the serum Testosterone, FSH, LH by 40%, 57% and 51% respectively and lower prolactin by 65% for ECAF and 32.3%, 40.3% and 29% respectively and Prolactin lowered by 31.3% for JCAF relative to the control. In addition, administration of ECAF and JCAF significantly (p<0.05) elevated Sperm Motility, Volume and Count by 40.3%, 60% and d35% respectively for ECAF and 30%, 25% and 38% respectively for JCAF. Conclusions: ECAF and JCA improved hormonal and spermatogenic indices of male wistar rats but ECAF is a more efficient intervention in ethnomedicine against infertility and male erectile dysfunction. Keywords: Chrysophyllum albidum, hormonal indices, spermatogenic indices, proviron, ethnomedicine. Title: Ethanolic Extract and Juice of Chrysophyllum albidum Fruit Improve Hormonal and Spermatogenic Indices of Male Wistar Rats Author: Semiu Lawal, Roshidat Tijani, Kayode Koleoso, Ahmed Fasasi International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique properties which can be applied in nanomedicine: they address targets such as cellular therapy, tissue repair, nanobiosensors, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic fluid hyperthermia. In the last decades, much research has been devoted to the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. Especially during the last few years, many publications have described efficient synthetic routes to shape-controlled, highly stable, and monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles. Most studies suggested that the cobalt ferrites could be a promising materials for various applications. In this work, different sized cobalt ferrite nanoparticls (CFNP) were selectively synthesized with narrow size distribution, by using chemical precipitation methods. The obtained powder was calcined at different temperature (600 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C ,1000 °C). Different characterization like Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM ) was done to visualize the morphology and particle size, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was done to know the phases present, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) to get the magnetization and coercivity of the powder, Ultraviolet - Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis further confirmed the presence of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. All of the characterization methods confirmed the formation of single-phase CFNP in the range 10–115 nm depending on the annealing temperature. Keywords: Cobalt ferrite nanoparticls, Preparation, Characterization. Title: Preparation, Characterization of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticls Author: R. A. Hassan, A. A Alharbi, S. H. A. ALLehyani International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Quality of drugs is the primary and basic needs of today’s pharmacies to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs when it comes to herbal origin. Though the ayurveda has explained numerous formulations to counteract the disease by adopting the assessment criteria are set in those days, there is a need of a hour to validate them based on modern tool for their safety. To assess the quality of drugs, standardization of herbal formulation is essential. This article reports on physicochemical analysis of Sindhuvaradi Agada, a polyherbal Ayurvedic medicine indicated in cobra envenomation and used by traditional Keralian Visha Vaidyas. Sindhuvaradi Agada was prepared as per classics. In-house preparation has been assessedon the basis of organoleptic characters, physical characteristics, Physico-chemical properties and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) methods. The set parameters can be used as reference for standardisation of this formulation. Keywords: Sindhuvaradi Agada, Thin layer chromatography, Quality standards, Agada Tantra. Title: Physicochemical Evaluation of Sindhuvaradi Agada - A Polyherbal Ayurvedic Formulation Author: Dr. Shrutika S. Karoshi, Dr. Arun M. Havinal, Dr. M. B. Gundakalle International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Water hyacinth (Eichhornia. crassipes) is a bioremediation agent for refinery and gas production effluents but has great potentials for income generation through the economic utilization of it parts. The phytoremediation potential of the aquatic weed in crude oil contaminated sites and the conversion of the waste to economically viable craft materials was studied. The aim was to access the efficacy of Eichhornia.crassipes in the treatment of crude oil contaminated waters; duration of the treatment required and the conversion of the waste generated to economically viable craft materials. The experimental approach involved the exposure of the plants to varying concentration of crude oil (500mg/l, 2500mg/l and 5000mg/l) under laboratory conditions for six weeks while, the E.crassipes generated after six weeks were collected, prepared, dried, treatment, and woven. From results, percentage reductions of total hydrocarbon content were 98.46, 98.65 and 99.85% under 500mg/l, 2500mg/l and 5000mg/l of crude oil exposure concentration respectively. Growth of E. crassipes was enhanced from 1kg to 4kg while water quality variables were observed to improve significantly with percentage reductions of 99.82, 99.95, 99.99 and 85.05 for chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, phosphate and total organic carbon after six of treatment with E.crassipes. In addition, the dried and treated stems of the E. crassipes were converted into economically viable craft materials such as; shoes, bags, flower vases caps and belt. It is concluded that the introduction of E.crassipes in oil contaminated waters resulted in the removal of the crude oil and the restoration of the water quality through the interaction of E. crassipes and their associated microorganisms. While the drying and treatment of E. crassipes stems resulted into economically viable craft materials. Thus, E.crassipes can serve as an agent of bioremediation in crude oil contaminated waters and the process of conversion if deployed/implemented would become an employment generating opportunity, minimize third party interference on oil exploitation and production activities minimize youth restiveness particularly in the Niger Delta and revenue for potential investors. Keywords: Water hyacinth, bioremediation, craft, Total hydrocarbon. Title: WATER HYACINTH: IT’S RELEVANCE IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY AND IN REVENUE GENERATION Author: O. Omokheyeke, F.D Sikoki International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online), ISSN 2348-313X (Print) Research Publish Journals