Vol 4 Issue 1 April 2016-September 2016

Abstract: Fourteen years after Enron’ collapse, financial integrity continues to make top headline news in corporate America. While many fraud experts view Sarbanes-Oxley (Sox) act, passed by congress in 2002, as a strong message in the war against corporate fraud. Others are still skeptical about its full implementation. Part of Sox implementation policies involves education and new skills to help fight corporate fraud. The concept of knowledge, skills and abilities to fight corporate fraud is the pivotal link between management and the auditor's ability to deter and detect fraudulent financial reporting. Accountants and auditors are trained to protect the integrity of the financial statement. Many auditors from within auditing firms have argued that they feel they are being asked to be detectives for the business community. They feel what is being asked of them really should be the responsibilities of the Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE). The future of accounting profession does rest on staying relevant, up to date and market oriented. But most fundamentally, it depends on demonstrating professionalism, acting in the public interest, not losing sight of our core purpose as custodians of transparency and integrity in financial reporting (Ward, 2005). Keywords: Custodians of Transparency, Accountants and Auditors, Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE). Title: AUDITOR’S SKILLS IN FIGHTING CORPORATE FRAUD Author: Emmanuel A. Ihejirika International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In India, banks have been the hub of financial system and have also played a crucial role in economic development of the nation. Therefore, it was very necessary for the banks to get their loans back so that their functioning keeps going on. However, regular civil courts failed to help banks in this regard. As a result, DRTs were brought into picture to exclusively deal with banks’ debt recovery cases. However, as this paper argues, even the DRTs have failed to recover the loans of banks, in efficient and speedy manner. A huge backlog of cases and mounting NPAs is the proof that DRTs have not been able to fulfil the statutory task they were conferred upon. Infrastructural constraints and too many adjournments are the reasons why DRTs have not been doing speedy recovery of cases. Therefore, what is needed to improve the situation is a fair implementation of the RDB Act u/which the DRTs were set up as well as a greater attention of the government towards DRTs. Keywords: DRTs, RDB Act, Banks. Title: DRTs: GAIN OR PAIN FOR BANKS? Author: RAJANI PRABHA GUPTA International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Nowadays, multinational companies is the dominant factor in international trade, it promoted the development of global economic integration. In the global economic and trade activities of the coordination, organization and decision-making activities, multinational company headquarters and various kinds of regional headquarters plays a decisive role. To determine whether an area's place in the global economic activity is an important symbol of the region headquarters of multinational companies as well as the subordinate regional headquarters. Company's own strategic needs is the first factor of multinational company location selection, and objectively and location of your country have a certain degree of economic strategy, thus to play a certain role in promoting its economic development. Influencing factors on site selection of multinational companies have a lot of, one of the most important factors include location the condition of fundamental facility that the environment, market environment, financial situation, population and so on. Multinational companies on many aspects of influence, location of countries not only have a profound impact to urban employment, economic aspect, also to the urban space division, relevant supporting services to improve and environmental regulation has a positive role in promoting. The economic characteristics of the Beijing and Shanghai are export-oriented. Beijing is the capital of China, while Shanghai is the most active economic mainland cities. Based on foreign experience and the characteristics of Beijing and Shanghai city itself, to attract more foreign companies to set up regional headquarters, thereby giving impetus to the development of regional economy, helping to achieve industrial upgrading, now become a problem to solve urgently. In this paper, using literature research and case study, mainly consists of five parts. The first part for the domestic and foreign research review, mainly introduces related concept, including the concept, the regional headquarters of multinational and connotation, types and characteristics, etc. The second part focuses on the theoretical research, mainly discussed the multinational company location selection theory; The third part is case analysis, firstly analysis the influence factors of location related, and then to Hong Kong as an example is analyzed; The fourth part is the analysis of the situation, mainly from the macro point of view clearly China in attracting foreign companies into the deficiencies, provide the basis for further improvement. The last part is the summary, through the case study of Beijing and Shanghai it attract foreign companies into the advantages and disadvantages, so as to indicate the direction for future development. By studying comprehensively analysis the influence factors of multinational company headquarters location and influence, summarizes the characteristics of multinational companies in detail and USES the case study the actual situation of Beijing and Shanghai are discussed in detail. Through the study of multinational companies collecting sums up the relevant location, the theoretical basis of the comprehensive analysis the influence factors of multinational company headquarters location and influence, coupled with China's environment analysis of factors affecting the development of multinational companies in China, finally in China selected as the typical case analysis and comparative analysis, from two aspects of vertical and horizontal comprehensive analysis of the multinational company's location factors. Keywords: Multinational company regional headquarters’ local choice. Title: Study On Multinational Company Regional Headquarters’ Local Choice in China and Enhance the Headquarters’ Economic Competitiveness Author: Peng Wu, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between financial restructuring turnaround strategy and performance of small and medium enterprises in Kenya. The total target population was 8604. A total of 375 respondents were used as the sample size for the study. Descriptive survey design and correlational research design were used in this study. This study tested the null hypotheses that financial restructuring has no relationship with the performance of SMEs in Kenya. The study found that financial restructuring turnaround strategy had significant influence on SMEs performance. The study therefore recommended that SMEs should adopt measures aimed at improving financial soundness of SMEs. Keywords: Financial Restructuring, Turnaround Strategy, Performance. Title: Relationship between Financial Restructuring Turnaround Strategy and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya Author: Antony Sije, Dr. Jane Omwenga, Dr. Mike Iravo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In recent years, with deepening China's financial system reform, more and more Chinese commercial banks become a listed company, the market-oriented competition mechanism is deepening; at the same time, with the full liberalization of China's financial sector to foreign investment, foreign banks which have more advantages for a large number of capital structure and organization system constantly into our country, which make China's banking industry face a severe challenge and fierce competition pressure. Therefore, researching on competitiveness of China's commercial banks, choosing the scientific competitiveness evaluation index system, finding out the reasons of competitiveness of the commercial banks, and developing appropriate competitive strategy, is the current problems to be solved. In this paper, based on the domestic and foreign literature and after the extensive bank field research, construct the index system of the core competitiveness of China's commercial banks have founded. What’s more, the usage of the method of factor analysis and principal component analysis method based on data of 11 commercial banks in China, carried out a comprehensive evaluation of China's commercial bank's core competitiveness, the results of the study show that, profit ability, risk control ability (Security), scale and financial innovation ability and other factors which constitute the core competitiveness of commercial banks. Keywords: Commercial Bank; core competence; index system. Title: Analysis on the Evaluation Index of the Core Competitiveness of China's Commercial Banks Author: Xia Wang, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study aimed at identifying the determinants of corporate cash holding in Tanzania. Financial Institutions were excluded in this study because they are being regulated by the Central Bank of Tanzania. Two theories were used in identifying the factors that determine the level of cash held by Tanzanian companies; the pecking order theory and the trade-off theory. Secondary sources of data were used for the study. Relevant literature was reviewed while survey method was used to collect secondary data from 129 financial statements extracted from records of 129 companies in early 2015. Financial statements covered a period of 2012-2013 and were found at Business Registration and Licensing Authority (BRELA) headquarters offices in Dar es Salaam. The following variables were statistically analysed by using ordinary least square method in the light of pecking order and trade off theories: the firm size, leverage level, cash flow, net working capital and level of capital expenditure. Findings show that there are three significant variables that determine the level of cash to be held by a company. Specifically, size of the company, cash flow and level of capital expenditure has a significant effect on the level of cash of a company. The variable size of a company is related to the trade-off theory while variables cash flow and level of capital expenditure are in favour of pecking order theory. It is recommended that the government of Tanzania, through her Central Bank, should establish some regulations or loan policies, which are going to favour small companies so that they can easily get loans from commercial banks. This is because smaller companies have been found to hold more cash (as a cheap source of finance) than big companies. These extra sources of funds from banks, obtained at a less strings attached, will enable these small Tanzania companies to prosper and grow. Keywords: Cash Holdings, Liquidity, trade-off theory, pecking order theory. Title: DETERMINANTS OF CORPORATE CASH HOLDING IN TANZANIA Author: Silverio Daniel Nyaulingo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals Abstract: This study aimed at identifying the determinants of corporate cash holding in Tanzania. Financial Institutions were excluded in this study because they are being regulated by the Central Bank of Tanzania. Two theories were used in identifying the factors that determine the level of cash held by Tanzanian companies; the pecking order theory and the trade-off theory. Secondary sources of data were used for the study. Relevant literature was reviewed while survey method was used to collect secondary data from 129 financial statements extracted from records of 129 companies in early 2015. Financial statements covered a period of 2012-2013 and were found at Business Registration and Licensing Authority (BRELA) headquarters offices in Dar es Salaam. The following variables were statistically analysed by using ordinary least square method in the light of pecking order and trade off theories: the firm size, leverage level, cash flow, net working capital and level of capital expenditure. Findings show that there are three significant variables that determine the level of cash to be held by a company. Specifically, size of the company, cash flow and level of capital expenditure has a significant effect on the level of cash of a company. The variable size of a company is related to the trade-off theory while variables cash flow and level of capital expenditure are in favour of pecking order theory. It is recommended that the government of Tanzania, through her Central Bank, should establish some regulations or loan policies, which are going to favour small companies so that they can easily get loans from commercial banks. This is because smaller companies have been found to hold more cash (as a cheap source of finance) than big companies. These extra sources of funds from banks, obtained at a less strings attached, will enable these small Tanzania companies to prosper and grow. Keywords: Cash Holdings, Liquidity, trade-off theory, pecking order theory. Title: DETERMINANTS OF CORPORATE CASH HOLDING IN TANZANIA Author: Silverio Daniel Nyaulingo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study was a quantitative research, conducted by using questionnaire collect the data from 400 samplings who use Srichand translucent loose setting powder in Amphoe Muang, Chantaburi province. The questionnaire was used and data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Chi-Square. The result of the study found that most of samplings are women, the age between 10-19 years old (60.3%) and the following is 20-29 years old (18.3%). Most of samplings have diploma or high vocational certificate education background, Single and most of them are student who have income per month as 10,000 baht or lower. Hypothesis test results found that Personal factors which including gender, age, marital status, education background, occupation and income per month are affecting the consumer behavior in opportunity to repeat-buying, number of testing times that customer test before decided to buy and reference persons that involve customer to use. The marketing mix factors affected to buying decision behavior of Srichand translucent loose setting powder in opportunity to repeat-buying. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Decision Making, Marketing Mix, Cosmetics. Title: Factors Effecting Consumer’s Behaviors in Decision Making in Buying Srichand Translucent Loose Setting Powder in Amphoe Muang, Chantaburi Province Author: Nuengthida Kangwannithipong International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In the last decade, the issue of sustainability has become very critical worldwide for governments and business alike. This has seen an increased uptake of CSR activities by many organizations in the areas of environmental, social and economics as marked by increased expenditure in implementation of CSR programs in an effort to contribute to the sustainability agenda. However, most of the CSR programs adopted by organizations are not sustainable.This study therefore aimed at providing a predictive mechanism of the various influences namely, decision drivers, internal inhibitors, foundational enablers and external influences of implementation of sustainable CSR practices in organizations through a case study approach of KenGen one of the key players in the energy sector of Kenya. Data was collected through use of questionnairs and interviews and analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings of this study established a correlation value of 0.775 which indicates that there exists a positive relationship between the various influences and implementation of sustainable CSR practices which depicts that the regression model that was used was significant at 95% confidence level. It was further found out that negative influences such as internal inhibitors sap out the power of positive forces on implementation of sustainable CSR practices. It was recommended that the selection, adoption and implementation of CSR projects should be guided by the need to implement highly impactful projects through consideration of how the various factors influence their implementation. Future research should extend the findings of this study and provide more pointed, practical advice to managers on how to implement sustainable CSR practices, given its vital importance to the welfare of both business and society in other comparitive studies on organizations in the same industry as well as other industries. Keywords: Sustainable practices, Corporate Social Responsibility, decision drivers, foundational enablers, inhibitors, external influences. Title: Factors Influencing Implementation of Sustainable Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in the Energy Sector in Kenya: A Case Study of Kenya Electricity Generating Company Author: Dorcas A. Gekonge, Dr. Mary Kamaara International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper intends to find out both the positives and negatives of the functioning of employment exchanges, currently operating in National Capital Territory of Delhi. In order to carry out an in-depth analysis, these employment exchanges were personally visited and the official website of this department under GNCT, Delhi was also brought under user interface analysis, in order to check its relevance and appropriateness for the end user. In all 3 employment exchanges were visited for this study (exact locations can't be specified due to confidentiality issues) and complete official website was analyzed for its ease of usability. Keywords: GNCT, Employment Exchanges. Title: Detailed Analysis of Employment Exchanges in New Delhi Author: Rajat Kumar Sharma International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Training is process of developing skills, habits, knowledge and attitude in employees for the purpose of increasing the effectiveness of employees. Development is long-term educational process utilizing systematic and organized procedure. It is career oriented. Keywords: Skills, Knowledge, Attitude, Effectiveness, Organized, Career Oriented. Title: Training and Development Author: P.S.SUDHA RANI International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research paper reviews determinants of Retention of Diverse Generational Cohorts in today’s organizations both private and public sectors. The study specifically seeks to determine effects of variables Rewards, Training, Leadership styles and Work environment and how they influence retention of diverse generational cohorts in the County Government of Mombasa. The literature review includes past literature relevant to this study. The purpose of this study is to examine the outlined variables as a measure of retention strategies in the County Government of Mombasa and how they contribute to overall performance of employees in this County. The literature review explains three relevant Motivational theories, Maslow’s Theory of Needs Herzberg Two-Factor Theory and Expectancy Theory. Empirical review explained the challenges other organizations face while trying to retain their employees, the review outlined among others factors that varied employees indicated as determinants of retention. Keywords: Determinant, Retention, Generational, Cohorts and County Government. Title: DETERMINANTS OF RETENTION OF DIVERSE GENERATIONAL COHORTS IN THE COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF MOMBASA, KENYA Author: Joan Ruth Monah, Dr.William Kingi, Dr.Karim Omido International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Welfare measures in India, which are designed to bring about an all-round improvement in the workers’ standard of life, cannot be over-emphasized. There can be no doubt with regard to the beneficial effects of welfare activities. Welfare activities such as educational facilities, sports, entertainments and the like influence the sentimental atmosphere in the factory. The development of the feeling of friendly relationship between the two groups of industry paves way for industrial peace. The social advantages of welfare activities are also considerable. Provision of canteens, where cheap, clean and balanced food is available to workers, must improve their physique, entertainments must reduce the incidence of vices, medical aid and maternity and child welfare must improve the health of workers and their families; and educational facilities must increase their mental efficiency and economic productivity. Keywords: Labour Welfare. Title: A Study on Respondents’ Level of Satisfaction towards Statutory Labour Welfare Measures in Steel Plants at Salem Distict Author: Dr. D. Suthamathi International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Huawei is a leading company of providing information and correspondence technology (ICT) in the world, its sales strategy a focus on ICT field. By regarding table sales strategy, persisting innovation and open corporation, the company achieve strong competitive advantages in Correspondence Carriers, enterprises and cloud computing; moreover, Huawei also provide advanced ICT solutions, products and service to the carriers and customers, and it is also aim at building future information society and connecting the world by information technology. Nowadays, Huawei has one hundred and seventy hundred thousand employees in 170 countries and areas, which serves for one third of people in the world. The management system which Huawei adopts is advanced and efficient. This research paper is focus on analyze and search Huawei’s management model, business management and human resource management. Keywords: Huawei, Management Model, Human Resource Management, Business Management. Title: The Research and Analysis of Huawei's Integrated Management Model Author: Yu Bai, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The leaders based on their roles, power, such as cognitive differences, formed the different leadership styles. The leadership in a group is not using the same way to create their leader role. Leaders usually use different leadership styles and these have various impacts on job performance and job satisfaction. Enterprise managers’ personality and leadership styles also alleviate employees’ emotions, arouse the enthusiasm of employees, and motivate employees to work hard. Leadership style is a gradually formed and consistent thought, style, and artistic characteristics in the process of the implementation of the long-term leadership which includes leadership thinking, the methods to solve the problem and attitudes towards people, things, and life. In other words, it is interpersonal ways. The study aimed at the correlation on leadership styles and job satisfaction. Questionnaires and interviews of small and medium enterprises are utilized, and 3 main scales are used to collect the data. Reliability and validity analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis are also used in exploring the interaction and correlation of leadership styles and job satisfaction. The last part of the thesis is conclusions and suggestions. In general，from the average analysis of employees’ satisfaction, the job satisfaction of employees is high and the average value is the highest in the satisfaction of the managers and colleagues. Employees get more satisfaction on the decision-making ability and the relationship between colleagues. But there is less satisfaction in salary structure. The suggestions are to enhance leading of respecting people’s values, needs and humanistic management; to complete the leading communication skills; to vary the control abilities in different situations; to use various leadership styles flexibly. Keywords: leadership styles, employees, satisfaction, impact. Title: Effects of Different Leadership Styles on Employee Satisfaction Author: Yunpeng Zhang, Quao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Consumarketing is a combination of two different but related concepts, ‘Consumer and marketing’ combining to form or introduce a new concept in marketing management. Consumarketing is seen simply as the act of identifying loyal and seriuos consumers and using them indirectly as promotional agents for the produt of the organization. Some companies’ practice relate to consumarketing in some ways, these have failed to yield all encompasing results because the idea they practice is not conceptualized and also directed towards wrong set of people i.e customers instead of consumers. It is on this premise that this concept of consumarketing is conceived, this discussions review submissions of authorities (secondary data) on explanation of Consumer and marketing. This paper also provides hypothetical analysis of how this concept can be practiced economically and how this can increase the market or potential market of companies. On the basis of this discourse, it becomes clearer how Consumarketing can be used to achieve marketing objectives of a business organization. Keywords: Consumer, Marketing, Consumarketing, Customer. Title: CONCEPTUALIZATION OF CONSUMARKETING: AN ANALYTICAL DISCOURSE Author: Akinbode SANGODAPO International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals