Vol 4 Issue 1 April 2016-September 2016

Abstract: Supply chain resilience is a relatively unexplored area in supply chain research in Kenya and it focuses on the firms’ ability to absorb disruptions. Supply chain resilience can enable manufacturing firms to overcome disruptions and continually transform them to meet the changing needs and expectations of its customers, shareholders and other stakeholders. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of supply chain re-engineering on supply chain resilience in manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study adopted cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population was 613 manufacturing firms in Nairobi and its surroundings, who were members of Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM) in 2015. The study used stratified random sampling to pick a sample size of 62 manufacturing firms which represented 14 industrial sectors in manufacturing firms. Data was collected using questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used aided by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 to compute percentages of respondents’ answers. Also, analysis was conducted using quantitative approach. The study found out that supply chain re-engineering was significant predictor of supply chain resilience. The study recommends that management of manufacturing firms to adopt and embrace supply chain re-engineering as a proactive way of creating resilience in manufacturing firms. Keywords: Supply chain re-engineering, supply chain resilience, manufacturing firms. Title: INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN RE-ENGINEERING ON SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA Author: Wycliffe Arani, Elegwa Mukulu, Esther Waiganjo, Julius Wambua International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Software companies have focused on effective incentive for outstanding salespeople. Research and make scientific incentives policies to evoke salespeople’s aggressiveness, significance to dig out salespeople’s potential which is also main method of attracting salespeople, stabilizing salespeople and developing salespeople. This research paper explores the factors of effective incentive based on MedEx Company, and hope to discover the key factors of effective incentive for salespeople in the software company. The relativity between effective incentive factors and individual characteristics so that help with exploring effective incentive scheme, whereby software companies can improve the existing incentives, improve overall performance, and improve the competitiveness of software company. Accordingly, this paper is divided into two levels to investigate for the incentives to salespeople. One is to realize incentive demand characteristics of high-tech company salespeople; the other is gaining variety of incentives and exploring the elements/relationship of the incentive by gender, age, length of service, education, job level and other individual characteristics through the analysis of survey data. This paper combines with business phenomena and problems which are preliminary analyzed and summarized. Next, explore various related theories which includes motivation theory (Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, Herzberg’s two-factor theory and McClelland's need for achievement theory), the process theory of motivation (expectancy theory, equity theory and goal setting theory), comprehensive theory of motivation (Potter - Lawler motivation model) based on them. Then, based on various theoretical research combines with the thesis focuses assays on incentive theory and process theory of motivation, and compared comprehensive motivation theory with incentives effectiveness. Meantime, investigate some scholars’ conclusions from all over the world and provide the different opinion or evaluation for abstract Western theories and Chinese scholars’ research. Finally, get the inspiration, ideas and framework to this investigation by analyzing and summarizing to the problems of incentives for the case of the company, and then explore the case company by empirical investigation. Keywords: Software Company, salespeople and incentive. Title: MEDICAL SOFTWARE COMPANY SALES INCENTIVE STUDY Author: Haiyan Zhang, Dr. Qiao-Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research investigates the impact of external debt on economic growth in Nigeria from 1980-2014 using the Vector Error Correction model. The empirical findings through the impulse response analysis and variance decomposition have revealed that external debt service payment negatively impacts real GDP per capital growth in Nigeria significantly, signaling the existence of the debt overhang impact on economic growth. Furthermore, the Granger Causality/Wald test revealed a unidirectional causation from real GDP to external debt stock and from external debt service payment to real GDP. It is recommended that external debt should be discouraged for it cannot be relied on by government for the promotion of economic growth because of its retarding influence on growth. Other sources of revenue, such as taxation, and exports promotion should be strengthened and focused on in order to generate the needed funds for the Nigeria’s indispensable expenditures to bring about the desired growth. Keywords: External Debt, Economic Growth, Impulse Response, Variance Decomposition, Wald Causality test. Title: EXTERNAL DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: A Vector Auto-Regression (VAR) Approach Author: Adeniran, Abraham Oluwapelumi, Azeez, Muhyideen Iyiola, Aremu, John Abiodun International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The current research provides an insight into product features preferences and decision-making style of Chinese and Thai students in online purchase for smartphone to understand the cross-cultural difference of Chinese and Thai young generation’s online purchase logic behind decisions. This could be useful to promotion consultancy companies or entrepreneurs, that intend to attract young consumers to the online smartphone market. Empirical data were obtained from responses to a questionnaire distributed to Thai and Chinese college students in Bangkok and BeiJing. The findings show that Chinese students tend to be more quality conscious, more impulsive and more confused by over-choice than Thai students. Chinese college student online shoppers’ decision-making style is associated with their smartphone features. Future study should explore more advanced methods to classify and profile consumer style, and may explore the underlining reasons for these online shopping behaviors. Keywords: Product Features Preference, Decision-making Styles, University Student, Online Purchase for Smartphone. Title: Product Features Preferences and Decision-making Styles of Thai and Chinese University Student in the Online Purchase for Smartphone Author: FeiTao Luo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The leisure industry has become a milestone and opportunity in the world industry. Under the active promotion and guidance from the Government, leisure industry has started to rise and plays and important role in the world industry. It also constitutes a crucial part in the community. Leisure industry is developing toward the diversified directions. The industry actively makes good use of its environmental resources and designs activities of novelty and variety to meet different customers’ preferences and demands. The shortage of industry resources, activity items, management style and service quality will directly affect customers’ preferences and feeling as well as hinder interest generating. Based on the above-mentioned situation, the main purpose of this paper is to explore how the leisure industry innovation affects consumers’ preferences and acceptance. Take theme parks as example, this paper aims to provide the management level with some objective and reasonable recommendations and future directions. This paper explores the future development trend of movie-based theme parks that are tourist-oriented. Tourists of today are widely exposed under the prevalence of virtual and multimedia technology. To enhance the interaction between the theme park and tourists, theme park brand recognition and customers’ loyalty become urgent issues needed to be addressed. With the arrival of experiential-play, the park that combined show business and theme park takes advantage of the distinct environment and verified activities as the attractive factors and hopes to provide joyful and unforgettable experiences to tourists. Since it receives much popularity, the academia starts to pay more attention on the development. This research takes people aged 14-35 years old as participants in the survey. By applying convenience sampling method, tourists who visited the theme park and experienced the leisure industry are chosen as subjects to the survey (Likert scale questionnaire). There are 200 questionnaires distributed and 172 valid questionnaires are returned. Questionnaires are analyzed through SPSS statistical software, t test, ANOVA variance analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis. The research aims to explore the correlation among tourists’ characteristics, leisure preferences and innovation factors. Keywords: leisure industry, consumer preferences, factors, theme park, Disneyland, Universal Studios, creative elements, animation, movies, technology. Title: Analysis of innovative factors and customer preferences in leisure industry-Use Disneyland and Universal Studios as examples Author: Ling Yu Yue, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: With the economic development and the improvement of people's living standards and people's lifestyles, the consumption levels have changed dramatically. Beverage necessities and its increasing demand of consumer goods have become very important, which helped the development of the beverage industry. As the beverage industry matured, the market competition becomes increasingly rapid. How to develop more effective marketing, expand the product's market share have become priority issues of enterprise development. Coca-Cola's group was founded in 1892, after a long period of development, has now become a big company producing soda, juice drinks, herbal beverages, tea beverages, purified drinking water, mineral water, vitamin drinks and other beverages. The global market share of Coca Cola company is 48%, enterprise marketing strategy also faces many challenges. The current study is focused on Coca-Cola's Fanta beverage- ‘vitamin water’ drink. Based on marketing theory and actual situation and development of the drinks market, the SPSS statistical software on consumers ' buying behavior is utilized on regression analysis of brand, marketing strategy, corporate image, price and product attributes on consumers ' purchasing behavior for resolutions. Keywords: brand awareness, promotion strategies, corporate image, prices, properties, consumer purchase behaviour. Title: Research of Influence of Consumer Behavioral Momentum and Human Factors on Functional Beverage - based on the Coca-Cola Company Author: Jie Zhang, Dr. Qiao-Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: By using the data of A-share listed companies from 2009-2014 which reveal continuous R&D investment, this paper studies the relationship among the managerial power, internal control and R&D investment. It is found that: 1. The managerial power has a significant positive correlation with R&D investment. Especially, the ratio of executives’ ownership has an inverse U-correlation with the R&D investment; 2. Compared to the non-state-owned enterprises, state-owned corporate executives has stronger affect to R&D investment; 3. The quality of company’s internal control will affect the correlation between managerial power and R&D investment; This article puts eyes inside the enterprise environment, especially the factor of "man", it provides technical support and scientific basis for enhancing the core competitiveness of Chinese listed companies, accelerating enterprise technological innovation and promoting industrial upgrading and transformation. Keywords: Managerial Power, Internal Control, R&D Investment of Enterprises. Title: Research on Managerial Power, Internal Control and Enterprise’s R&D Investment Author: Guan Yunxin International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In the era of 21st century the global market of the corporate business world is coming across together and competative to each other. In this scenario the role of entrepreneurs are most vital for the economic development of the country. On the other hand it encompasses in gearing employment generation, social needs, lifestyle and financial stability of people as well as in nations. From the Hindu mythology study it is seen that women’s role are very cream like Draupadi, Sakuni, Kaikei and so on. In Entrepreneurship world women are also very energetic and dynamic in innovative, creative and risk taking activities as per need of the organizations. Keywords: Hindu mythology, Entrepreneurship, Women. Title: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON POTENTIALITY OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN ODISHA CHAPTER Author: Mr. Sanjaya Kumar Nayak, Dr. Artta Bandhu Jena International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In recent years, with the popularity of computers and the improvement of the Internet's functions, the choice of people on the Internet is increasing. According to 15 years of statistics, Ali trading volume exceeded 3 trillion yuan, the Jingdong trading volume exceeded 400 billion yuan, online shopping has become a mainstream way of shopping. Never leave home can buy goods from all over the world, and as a result of eliminating the need for the store rent, twists and turns of the channel of replenish onr's stock, a lot of artificial cost expenditure, and from time to time will have "spike", "buy" and other activities, network commodity prices than the store has very big advantage. But store the biggest feature is the commodity experience, can give consumers a the most intuitive feeling, also returns is also more convenient. So, for consumers, the shop and the store has a different degree of risk, thus, the shop and store operators can be for their own advantages and disadvantages to take some effective measures. Keywords: physical store shopping online shopping risk perception. Title: A comparative Study of Online and offline Consumer Shopping Perceived Risk in Clothing Purchasing Author: Li Na You, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: NBA has basically completed the early cultivation for the Chinese market through a series of effective marketing strategies since it entered in China more than twenty years ago, which made the Chinese market become the largest overseas market of NBA. Any domestic professional sports league cannot be a rival to its brand influence in China. Currently with more Chinese companies cooperating with NBA, it not only makes the NBA has got huge benefits, but also contributes these enterprises to realize the internationalization through the platform of NBA. Thus it can be seen that NBA marketing model has a strong demonstration effect for the development of Chinese sports industry. The successful hosting of the NBA professional league is a pioneer power for the development of world basketball career. Meanwhile, it also led to the rapid development of sports industry. It has certain use value and significance to explore its integrated marketing communication mode in Chinese market. Using the methods such as literature material law, questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics, as well as combining with relevant theories, this paper analyzes integrated marketing communication model of NBA in Chinese market. Besides, it also explores the marketing strategies adopted by NBA in the Chinese market and analyzes the inspiration of its success in the Chinese marketing to Chinese basketball through the SWOT analysis of NBA operating in Chinese market, hoping to be a reference for the development of Chinese sports industry, especially the Chinese professional basketball league. Keywords: NBA China; integrated marketing of the market; communication model. Title: NBA Chinese Marketing Strategic Analysis Author: Xiao Li, Qiao Ming Li International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Social media is exploding worldwide, and China is leading the way. A new McKinsey survey of 5,700 Internet users in China has found that 95 percent of them who live in Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 cities are registered on a social-media site, with 91 percent of respondents saying they visited a social-media site in the previous six months, compared with 30 percent in Japan, 67 percent in the United States, and 70 percent in South Korea. The survey, which explores the behavior of Chinese consumers on social networks, is the first of its kind in China. (Read the full eport, on McKinsey’s Greater China Web site.) The latest research undertaken by Synovate shows that Weibo is the most popular social networking tool amongst Chinese citizens, with a user age ranging from 15 to 44. Whatsmore, the number of users has been steadily rising, with up to 24% of the population in China’s major cities of Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai having an account.China have the most population in the world . since came into 21 century , China has by far the world’s most active social media population, It also pointed out that social media has a greater influence people life in China, Chinese people gain access to the Internet primarily through personal computers; however, they are moving quickly to mobile devices. About 50 percent of mobile-phone users in our survey said they were planning to buy a smartphone in the next six months, 35 percent said they have used a tablet computer, now in china ,there are have main big internet giant ,like Alibaba, Baiduand Tencent,especially, SinaWeibo is one of the channels for the online users to share and express their personal thoughts towards any specific topics, but at the same time, it has also changed and impacted many Chinese people’s lives since it was launchede by Sina company. In china the government was forbid Facebook as one of the most popular social media sites in China, environmental and social issues that would affect their , Chinese people have a new platform to express their personal thoughts .here is no doubt that the social media world has such a great influence in our daily lives. A post or a blog can already create a great debate to the public. Especially in China, Weibo has changed the Chinese’s attitudes towards the society. It has brought the people all together. As we observe the characteristics of the Chinese online users compared to the past, any recent issues about the environment or society, would arouse the concerns of the people and huge disputes would then occur. Consequently, Weibo is definitely influencing China, and the local people’s behaviors towards the country. Sina executives invited and persuaded many Chinese celebrities to join the platform. The users of Sina Weibo include Asian celebrities, movie stars, singers, famous business and media figures, athletes, scholars, artists, organizations, religious figures, government departments, and officials from mainland china, HongKong Malaysia, Singapore Taiwan, and Macau, as well as some famous foreign individuals and organizations people, they can use weibo to express their attitudes towards the society. From the research, we can know that customers with different occupations, different time of using Weibo, different original reasons to choose it and different frequency of using it have different level of satisfaction with Weibo. While the factors of gender, age, education background, salary (after tax) and marriage have no effect on that. For the main Weibo function, there are voting and tagging friends function, forwarding function, visibility function, format message function, meta –voice function, comment function As to the occupation groups, the student group has a moderate level of satisfaction while other groups such as customer who work in state-owned enterprise / institution / government agency, private enterprise and foreign/joint enterprise have a high level of satisfaction. Who looking to expand their profile in China can benefit a lot from Weibo. It seems its influence not only limited to online activity, focusing on the power of Weibo to sell products, over 46% people are likely to follow sponsorship messages placed on Weibo and will visit the product's page Keywords: Social media, Weibopopulation, userfunction. Title: Customer’s Satisfaction With WeiBo Author: Honglian Wei, Nipat Jitphrasong International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study examines different experiences international business students at Siam University get while studying in Thailand. Since Globalization has become more widespread, businesses are aware of the increasing impact of it in their customers’ base and their need for new graduates who are comfortable interacting with people from different backgrounds. This is therefore an interesting topic for employers, educators, researchers as well as students. The paper presents the results of a survey study of factors influencing study abroad experience of 154 international students. Taking the UNESCO global movement Education For All (EFA) into account, four distinct factor configurations are identified; perceptions, motivations, degree of integrity and expectations. A focus group of 8 students assigned for the in-depth interview reveals many benefits in their study abroad program. It concluded that they may have improved their abilities to ingeniously solve problems by applying well-known concepts to different situations, look at a project from different perspectives, maintain self-confidence while listening and learning from people whose value systems may be different, be flexible and adaptable to rapidly changing situations and new environments, visualize, forecast, analyze and address business situations from a different cultural, develop an understanding of global issues in their industry of interest. This final part empirically examined and compared result which related to the study of what really make the difference in study abroad experience. Investigated the why and how of decision making by students, as well as the what, where, and when. Accordingly, smaller but focused samples were more needed than large samples. The results show that there is a relationship between students’ demographics and students’ perception of studying abroad experience. Keywords: Globalization; International students; Study abroad; Different backgrounds; Experiences; Factor configurations. Title: STUDY ABROAD EXPERIENCE: WHAT REALLY MAKE DIFFERENCE FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDENTS AT SIAM UNIVERSITY? Author: Dr. Vijit Supinit, Alex Serge Ntsah International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Winning the trust of consumers for enterprises has profound meaning in such competitive environment. It is helpful to build a solid customer relationship, to maintain the market share, and improve customer loyalty. In the conditions of uncertainty, high risks, and lack of contracts and guaranty, the trust of customers is crucially important. The current study is focused on the factors that affect consumer trust mechanism and the effects of various mechanisms on consuming trust. The domestic academic researches of consumer trust mechanism is not plenty. The studies focused on specific industry are also limited. The current study is focused on household appliance industry, combine the mechanism analysis of consumer trust and antecedent analysis, build the consumer trust mechanism, construct the model of consumer trust mechanism, and related hypotheses is proposed. Two mechanisms which are trusted by consumers are made after group interview: process mechanism and transfer mechanism. By small sample survey, the main elements of each mechanism are explored. By empirical investigation, latest data are collected. And also by using scientific statistical method, the mechanisms which are trusted by consumers (process mechanism, transfer mechanism) and consumer trust (cognition trust, affection trust) are analyzed by regression analysis. In this study: 1. Process mechanism did great influence on consumer trust, especially the ability of salesperson and after-sales service quality have significant influence on two elements of consumer trust. technical level also had effect on consumer trust. 2. Transfer mechanism had effect on building consumer trust, especially the recommendation of relatives and friends. The popularity of the brand also affects consumer trust. The contribution of this study is the combination of consumer trust mechanism theory and antecedent empirical analysis, and finds the variables of each mechanism. Found the relationship between these variables and consumer trust, and the relationship of process mechanism and transfer mechanism and consumer trust by empirical research. The Model of household appliance industry consumer trust mechanism is testified which has great theoretical and practical contributions to the industry Keywords: Cognition Trust, affection trust, process mechanism, Transfer mechanism. Title: Empirical Research of Consumer Trust Mechanism - Based On Household Appliances Industry in China Author: Ying Zhou, Dr. Qiao-Ming Lee International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: By developing of economy, more and more Chinese students choose to study abroad. Furthermore, the competition among schools all over the world in Chinese market is more intensive. Meanwhile, MBA courses of Thailand has entered Chinese market recent years and gets its well-known performance by the policy of Chinese “one belt one road” and its specialties of itself. However, it faces the huge challenges from traditional famous western countries which provide enriched experience and reputation, budding countries such as Philippines and Malaysia which approach the market actively and Chinese local MBA courses develop aggressively as well. The author will analyses the MBA courses of Thailand by adopting literature review, survey and logistic analysis and establish the strategies to enhance the benefits in Chinese market in order to solve the problems of developments at present. This paper is based on literature review to develop the SWOT Model of the MBA course in Thailand to make sure the direction and content of the survey, then analyzing the main factors and intension of impacting on Chinese competitive market by Logistic regression and analyzing the survey data. Finally, provide the suggestions about how to manage the MBA course of Thailand in Chinese market by combining Porter's Five Forces Model, 4P's theory and Undifferentiated Marketing theory. Keywords: Thailand, MBA, Studying Abroad, Chinese Market and Marketing. Title: MARKETING RESEARCH: STUDYING ON MBA COURSE OF THAILAND IN CHINESE MARKET Author: Tong Wei International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) serve a strategic role in national economic development. So, it is necessary to do any strategic efforts and breakthrough to promote product innovation to reach the competitive advantage. This study aims to test and describe on the role of product innovation based on the entrepreneurial marketing and customer relationship marketing, to improve competitiveness. This study is done in export-oriented SMEs in Bali based on the Exporter Data in 2014 from the Trade and Industry Office Bali Province. The study sample is set up to be 85 business units, and selected using disproportionate sampling method. The data is obtained by survey and overall feasible to be used and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling with software Smart-PLS. The study results show that the entrepreneurial marketing and customer relationship marketing are the important basics to create product innovation. Success in improving competitive advantage is determined directly by the entrepreneurial marketing and indirectly through product innovation. Entrepreneurial marketing turns out indirect effect found order competitive advantage through the mediation of product innovation. The results of this study provide evidence, entrepreneurial marketing and strategic role in customer relationship marketing strengthens product innovation, so that ultimately result in increased competitive advantage for SMEs Keywords: Entrepreneurial marketing, customer relationship, product innovation, competitive advantage. Title: Strategic Role of Entrepreneurial Marketing and Customer Relation Marketing To Improve Competitive Advantage in Small and Medium Enterprises in Bali Indonesia Author: I Nengah Suardhika, Ni Kadek Suryani International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals