Vol 4 Issue 1 April 2016-September 2016

Abstract: The fast growing hospitality companies have been increasingly linked to the service sectors (Metcalfe et al, 1999) and the service sector is among the most vibrant in economic growth. As a result, it has become necessary for companies to match-up by continuously looking for ways and processes of improving quality and reputation through the involvement of employees in concept development. Most hotel companies believed that by counting on their human resource and improving efficiency among the services and the products which are offered, could meet the needs and expectations of employees and this aspect needed to be given attention. The bone of contention is the extent to which employees could be empowered and given the opportunity to perform within their working environment. The purpose of this study is to understand the stages at which employees are involved in innovation processes in 5 & 4 star hotels in London. It is clear that there is the need for more research in to employees’ involvement in innovative processes in hospitality companies in general. 5 & 4 star hotels in central London will be selected and focus on. The 5 star hotels have been selected in London because firstly, it in an area that attracts a large number of personalities ranging from stakeholders managers, customers and employees alike and emerging from different market segments. And secondly, the nature of 5 star hotels attracts diverse categories of employees with different levels of experience, skills, innovative ideas and commitment to work. The aim of this chapter is to review how hospitality innovation processes are carried out in various hospitality companies. How the various companies applied the 15 stage innovation model. It will discuss how the various companies used the stages whiles identifying the role played by employees in each case. Case study design of qualitative research was employed in carrying out this study. The employees of five star hotels in London central have been interviewed and sampled using purposive judgment sampling. The notion of employees’ involvement in innovation process is about 90% comparatively to managers of just about 10%. Initially, the taut of management being involved more than 10% was very high. But the research has shown that the opposite is rather true. The findings has also shown that, firms do not have formal research and development departments instead they turn to rely on creative entrepreneur and living innovation personnel or generating innovation culture, in which new ideas are encourage. It is therefore, not unusual for the hotels studied, to exist within a research department. While both characteristics of the cases studied in the hotels revealed that about 90% of the stages involved team work with employees inclusive, the idea generation still rests in the hands of line management Keywords: hospitality companies, service sectors economic growth, market segments, creative entrepreneur. Title: Innovation Processes in Hospitality Companies (A Case Study of E –Zone at Four Seasons Hotel) Author: Faustina Mary Aku Otsyina, Victor Dedume International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Educational Institutions have an overall goal or vision that they are established to achieve and must ensure that its departments work towards that common goal. Since the performance of the various departments will be interrelated in many ways, each head of department must know not only his/her own role but also how it interacts with the rest of the institution. A budget was one of the most critical tools of resource management, which ensures rationality in spending of the available yet limited resources. The budgeting process of an institution affects public financial management and it is important therefore that an institution adopt efficient budgeting processes that will be able to provide more accurate results of the institutional financial management. The research study aimed to evaluate the effects of budget process on public financial management: a survey of public universities in Kenya. The research aimed to identify the stage of budget process and the effects of the budget process on public financial management. The targeted population totalling 328 from Technical university of Mombasa, Pwani University, University of Nairobi and Moi University involved management and parties involved in the budget process. A sample of 30% of each strata population was taken totalling to 99.Data collection was done using questionnaires. This research used descriptive statistics, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The findings from the study drew conclusions that public sectors should consider to use during budge processes to ensure prudent financial management. Keywords: Effects, Budget, Process, Public, Financial, Management. Title: Effects of Budget Process on Public Financial Management: A Survey of Public Universities in Kenya Author: Rita Mongina Monda, Francis Kerongo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Indian Retail sector developed as one of the largest retail market in the universe, it also contributes employment opportunity and revenue generation. By 2015, the total retail market size estimated to be around US$ 600 billion, retail sector expected to grow to US$ 1.3 trillion by 2020, registering a CAGR of 9.7% 2000-2020. Organized retailing was not so successful in India; it was only 8% growth till 2015, during the financial year 2009 -2013 achieved growth of 19-20%. India ranked second most effective market for the investors; new policy introduced by the Government of India in foreign direct investment policy in retail industry will boost up the Organic retail market. This research paper provides you consumer preference on Organic retailers and their products. Keywords: Universe, revenue generation, CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate), Investors, Foreign direct investment. Title: Consumer Preferences on Organized Retailing with Special Reference to Chennai City Author: Dr. A. IRIN SUTHA, Mr. J.SOLOMON THANGADURAI International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the existing Student Information System of Kalinga State University Rizal campus. To attain this objective, an assessment of the existing system was done through observation and interview methods from the Acting Registrar, Campus Secretary, Faculty Members and students. Results reveal that the existing student information system met the five requirements: reusability, maintainability, security, usefulness and functionaity and evaluation on the system appeal of a quality software only to a “moderate extent”. Moreover, reliability of the existing system was given a “low extent” rating. Based on the assessment results, the existing student information system was refined to include suggestions such as the inclusion of online query access, online accessiblity of student information, and a role-based security in the system. During the try-out of the developed student information system, it was assessed with “high extent” of effectiveness in terms of all system components except for its usability and efficiency which is rated as “moderate extent”. The developed Student Information System provided greater satisfaction to the users compared with the existing system for an efficient querying of student information records, keeping the student records in a more secured manner, and it gives more reliable information records of students in Kalinga State University Rizal campus. Keywords: Student Information, Student Information System, Information System, Kalinga State University, System Analysis and Design. Title: Student Information System for Kalinga State University-Rizal Campus Author: Eileen Bayangan-Cosidon International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study focused on the tricycle industry in Cabanatuan City located within the heart of the Province of Nueva Ecija, also known as the “Tricycle Capital of the Philippines”. More particularly, it delved on describing the demographic profile of the tricycle sector including its internal and external environments, and the viability of owning one. Descriptive research method was used and randomized block design was employed in getting the sample that involved 412 respondents in 89 barangays of the city. Findings revealed that tricycle driver-operators were males, in their productive age, married, mostly high school graduates, and that tricycle driving was the only means of livelihood. Limited job opportunities and educational background were the reasons for choosing this occupation. Owning a unit requires only a very small capitalization where investment can be recouped in so short a time. Tricycle units were usually financed. Organization and management was very simple. Majority used 4-stroke motor engine which was more environment-friendly than two-stroke. Tricycle sidecar was undersized and risky for passengers. Abuses were rampant as to the fares charged to passengers, and often contracted to as high as three-hundred percent or more. Many of them disliked tricycle driving because of long hours of waiting and physical fatigue. Majority were not ready yet for a change in the mode of transportation like the use of e-trike. Environmental concerns include used lube oil was stockpiled in the backyard and tricycle driver-operator urinated in public places. Income derived from this insufficient to the needs of their family. Keywords: Tricycle; Driver-Operator; Occupation; Livelihood; Income. Title: Cabanatuan City: Tricycle Capital of the Philippines Author: Felipe E. Balaria International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to test the relationship between GDR Conversion in the Egyptian Stock Market and the USD Exchange Rate, Our study is mainly motivated by the paucity of similar studies in context of MENA capital markets and in most other emerging markets. Lately a problem aroused in the availability of the foreign currencies in the Egyptian Market which made difficulties to foreign investors to repatriate their investment proceeds to their home country, so it became a common tool nowadays that foreign investors to purchase one of the stocks from the Egyptian Exchange that can be converted to GDRs traded in London Exchange, then sell them in London Exchange for US Dollars, so they can repatriate their funds more quickly than stacking in a very long queue in banks due to the lack of foreign currency. This mechanism increased the demand of these stocks in the Egyptian Stock Market (pushing their prices up) in the same time increased the supply of the GDRs corresponding to those shares in London Stock Exchange (pulling their prices down) which created a gap between the two prices leading to increase the USD Exchange Rate in these transaction (spread around 26% above the official Exchange Rate). There are 14 stocks in the Egyptian Market that can be converted to GDRs, we selected one of them “ Edita Food Industries “ and tested the relation between Local Share price and USD Exchange Rate which resulted in a strong direct relationship, also we tested the relation between GDR price USD Exchange Rate which resulted in a moderate negative relationship. Keywords: GDR Conversion, Exchange Rate, Arbitrage, Repatriation, Egyptian Stock Exchange, Market Efficiency. Title: The Relationship between Global Depositary Receipt (GDR) Conversion and Exchange Rate “Case Study from Egyptian Stock Exchange” Author: Mohamed Tarek Wagdy, Mostafa Farag Senger, Ahmed Mohamed Ali Bassuni, Saeed Rashed Al Muqbaly International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Every organization and business wants to be successful and have desire to get constant progress. Now a day’s highly competitive and organizations regardless of size, technology and market focus are facing employee motivation challenges. The purpose of study to analyze the influence of the motivational factors on employees at Anna University trichy to find the association between the difference variables of the motivational factors the data has been collected from faculty members at Anna university trichy using structured questionnaire. The analysis of the results showed that job satisfaction is the most matched. Keywords: Motivational factors, employees, Motivation, Anna University. Title: A Study on Motivational Factors at Anna University Trichirapalli Author: Dr.V.M.ANITHA RAJATHI, U.JAYAPRITHA International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Journals

Abstract: This study sought to examine the role of employer branding in Rwandan labour market. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between career development programmes and employee attraction, examine how companies use remuneration packages to attract high quality employee, analyze the contribution of employee work environment and job description on employee attraction, and establish the relationship between employer’s organizational culture and employee attraction. The specific objectives of the study were used descriptive method on a survey of selected area to collect the data. This design was selected because the researcher intended to collect the data without changing or manipulating the environment. Quantitative methods of data collection were employed in order to obtain the data related to quality and information which included views, opinions, feelings, perceptions, intentions of different people. The study targeted all the employees working in the selected cases of study. These areas of study included Rwanda Development Board (RDB), MTN Rwanda and bank of Kigali. The choice for selecting the three organizations was because the majority of people in Rwanda would wish to be employed there because they consider them to have better brand than the rest of the organizations in Rwanda. This study was conducted in their head offices in Kigali city. In probability sampling, stratified sampling was applied whereby the department of the organizations was used to collect the data from the employees. This facilitated the researcher to collect information in the institutions in a holistic manner. Thereafter, simple random sampling was used to select the study participants. In non-probability, the researcher used purposive sampling technique. The study collected information from 69 respondents. The researcher only took sample from those units of the population that seemed vital to her area of study. Primary data was collected using interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative data analysis was done using narratives whereas quantitative data used frequencies and percentages descriptive statistics was also used to summarize quantitative data. The researcher used tables, frequency distribution and percentages. The findings show that MTN, Bank of Kigali and Rwanda Development Board have young, learned and experienced workforce which is dedicated to their work and are very proud to be part of the institution. Majority of the employees are attracted to the three companies because of the opportunities they offer for career development and for their employees to advance in their education not to mention their high and attractive remuneration package. The results also revealed that the respondents are in strong agreement that there is an attractive culture in the three institutions and that organization structures and management skills contributed heavily to creating the current brand of their companies followed closely by corporate social responsibility, working environment, career development training and remuneration. Bank of Kigali, Rwanda Development Board and MTN still remain the companies with the highest valued brand and they are the dream working place of most people of Rwanda. Keywords: Employer Branding, Employee attraction, Career development, Enumeration package, Organizational culture. Title: The Role of Employer Branding on Employee Attraction. A Survey of Selected Organizations in Rwanda(Mtn,Rdb & Bk) Author: Gisele Dusenge, Kule Julius Warren (Ph.D.), Dr Iravo Mike International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research is about five circumstances that are held in different places. These five situations are to be economically analyzed in terms of how they affect the environment which they are in. The first three are supply/ demand analyses which concentrate on the effect of the price of a product and the demand to it. The last two events are Equilibrium and two variable inputs production analysis. The former is similar to demand/ supply case but the analysis is done when the price and quantity of a product are at specific positions where the latter does an analysis on the production of a certain firm. Keywords: Economically analyzed, demand/ supply case, variable inputs production analysis. Title: Economy of the Firm Author: Alruwaili, Sultan International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The study on the supply chain management is selected with an objective to fine out the modern and traditional supply chains in the tomatoes and their way of the managing it. It is observed that the cost of cultivation is higher in cultivators registered to the modern chain than non-registered to modern chain. The procurement by the modern chain is highly efficient. The price paid by the consumer is lower and price received by the cultivator is higher in modern supply chain as compared to traditional supply chain. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, agricultural market. Title: Supply Chain Management in Tomatoes in Maharashtra Author: Dr. Sangita Vishnu Warade International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The review of the literature is a part of the research that tries to fill the gap in the area of research by exploding various variables that covers the in their study in reference to the prominence of training in CMM level V. Indian IT and ITeS industry. The network of the study contains variables such as trainee motivation, Management orientation, perceived needs, perceived training quality, scepticism and perceived benefits. The first three among them, which is trainee motivation, Management orientation and perceived needs are the independent variables and perceived benefits is the alone dependent variable for the study. The study also has to intervening variables which are perceived training quality and scepticism, where perceived training quality is a mediator variable and scepticism is a moderate variable. The scope of this chapter is to introduce to the various variables that have been selected as a part of the study and to examine the relationship between these variables from previous studies that already been conducted in the context of training and development. The initial session of this chapter would give an introduction to training and other development activities in an organisation specifically to software industry and second part of this chapter give a detail analysis of various studies conducted on the variables selected for the study. Title: Significant Literature on the Prominence of Training and Development in CMM Level 5 Indian IT/ ITES Industry Author: Ajith Sundaram International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The research looked at the relationship between Michael Porter’s generic strategies and performance of edible oil firms in Nairobi County and its environments. The objectives of the study were to determine the relationship between cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy and performance of edible Oil firms in this region. The research also established and recommended the combination of generic strategies which can be adopted by these firms. The independent variables were cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy. The study was undertaken in edible oil firms in Kenya and in particular those in Nairobi County and its environs. The research methodology entailed a descriptive research approach. The target population was managers, supervisors and heads of sections of the firms. A sample of 54 employees was drawn from the total population. The research used questionnaires as the data collection instruments. Data was analyzed with the help of statistical packages for social sciences. Correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the strategies and performance. Based on the findings of the study, there was a positive correlation between cost leadership and focus; and performance of vegetable oil firms and a negative correlation between differentiation and performance of vegetable oil firms. The study concluded that differentiation must be incorporated with other strategies in order to influence the performance of the firms. Keywords: Generic Strategies, Cost Leadership, Differentiation Strategy, Focus Strategy. Title: The Relationship between Michael Porter’s Generic Strategies and Performance of Edible Oil Firms in Kenya Author: Nancy Wangui Maina, Margaret Oloko International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Myanmar stands at a pivotal juncture amidst a slew of social, political and economic reforms Myanmar is rich in natural resources, arable land, forestry, and minerals, as well as freshwater and marine resources, gems and jade. Growth is expected to accelerate to an expected 7.3% per year over the next 5 years, which will be driven mainly by foreign investment in large projects, particularly in heavy industries such as oil and gas, power and infrastructure. This qualitative research focuses on Myanmar Investment and impact on economic growth of Myanmar. research explores Myanmar’s new beginning after a long period of economic stagnation and attention is paid to economic development interested investors are heartened to note that great strides have been made on the economic front. In this research the researcher used secondary method to collect the data. The data is gotten from articles, journals and online resources. The theory section looks at different concepts of quality as defined and viewed by various author. This research aims to explore the soundness of the economy and future investment opportunities, it’ll also look into the long term implications of conducting business in Myanmar for first mover advantage and FDI and Socio Economic development. The research findings Myanmar have lot of opportunities for foreign direct investment as we know that they have some political issue but now it’s better. This time elicitation changes the Myanmar situation. They have lot of opportunities now and also describe the future investment plan for Myanmar. Keywords: International Business Potential, FDI, economic outlook, future investments. Title: The Study of Exploring Myanmar’s Current International Business Potential for FDI Author: Mr. Min Kay Zin Tun, Dr. Vijit Supinit International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Stress at the workplace will be a major problem for the any size of the organization; most of the employees desire to be a best and to be competitive to the others. Management must know their ability and knowledge based on that management have to schedule their works; it reduces the employee work pressure. If an employee in pressure management or head should aware of it and know to help. Good management in simple terms – preventer of stress. Stress occurs in many range of circumstances, it will become more worse when an employee’s didn’t get a little support from management and colleagues. Most of the parents want their daughter to be teacher reason behind is Low stressful Job, present scenario teaching meant to be a most stressful profession. The Overall aim of the paper is to know the phenomenon of stress and stressors among academic faculty member. Keywords: Preventer, Circumstances, stressors. Title: Exploring Workplace Stress among Arts and Science College Professors Author: Dr. A. Irin Sutha, Mr. J. Solomon Thangadurai International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study established the impact of customer wellbeing on performance of Supermarkets in Kenya. Most of the studies which have been done on Performance of firms have not fully explained if at all Customer wellbeing is a factor affecting performance either in one way or another. However, this paper indicates the impact in which customer wellbeing contributes to the performance of supermarkets in Kenya. The key methodology for this study was primary research through the administration of Questionnaires which was the key mode of the Primary Research. The questionnaires were distributed among the Managers, employees and customers of Supermarkets in Kenya. Responses were analysed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Scientists and through Regression analysis. The study made the following recommendations that supermarkets should carry out extensive promotion of education of customers about products and their use. The study recommends that further studies should be carried out to analyse the impact of corporate social responsibility on economic growth in Kenya. Keywords: Customers, performance, Supermarkets, Customer wellbeing, Customer loyalty. Title: Impact of Customer Well Being on Performance of Supermarkets in Kenya Author: Cheptum Florence Jemutai, Dr. Tarus Benjamin K Dr. Otuya Robert Ingabo International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Research Publish Journals