Vol 6 Issue 1 April 2018-September 2018

Abstract: The overall objective of this study was to examine the effect of the implementation of TQM practices on operational performance of Food and Beverages manufacturing industries in Nairobi.  Both Explanatory and Cross sectional study designs were adopted to study the relationship between TQM practices implementation and operational performance. The target population comprised large food manufacturing firms in Nairobi which are subdivided into 7 subsectors. A Survey of all the 87 firms was used in the study. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire. The respondents were managers involved in the operations management of the organization. To summarize the data, descriptive statistics such as Mean and Standard deviation were used. Cross tabulation was used to bring out the actual response by the various firms. To examine the relationship between TQM implementation and Operational performance, Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis was used. To examine the effect of TQM implementation on operational performance; multiple regression analysis was used. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between TQM implementation and operational performance. The first, second and fourth null hypothesis were rejected, we fail to reject the third and the fifth null hypothesis. The findings also revealed that among all TQM practices, Top management commitment had the strongest relationship with operational performance. The results also showed that the joint effect of TQM practices operational performance was significant. The researcher recommends replication of the study in different sectors and countries to enhance understanding of the relationship between TQM implementation and operational performance. The study is significant as it will provide the management of Food and beverage firms with information on how to implement total quality management on operational performance.

Keywords: Total Quality Management, Operations Performance, Customer focus, Top Management commitment, Supplier Quality Management, Continuous Innovation and Employee Involvement.

Title: EFFECT OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF FOOD MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA

Author: WANGUI OBADIAH WAGARA, IRENE RIUNGU, DR. RICHARD BITANGE NYAOGA

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Every project creates a unique product, service, or result. Although repetitive elements may be present in some project deliverables, this repetition does not change the fundamental uniqueness of the project work. Effectiveness of project implementation can be thought of as incorporating four basic facets: time criterion, budget criterion, effectiveness criterion, and client satisfaction criterion, it is successful. Implementing a project typically includes identifying requirements, addressing the various needs, concerns, and expectations of the stakeholders as the project is planned and carried out, and balancing the competing project constraints which include, but are not limited to scope, quality, schedule, budget, resources, and risk. The general objective of this study was to determine the influence of project schedule control on performance of project implementation during implementation of NALEP project in Rwanda, but more specifically, the study investigated the influence the following project schedule control variables play in implementation of projects; communication; planning; financing; monitoring and controlling. This study was conducted against a backdrop of various studies and theories that have previously been done and which support our assumptions regarding the independent variables and dependent variables. Highlights of these studies included; the magic triangle of project management that visualizes the three objectives that the project manager should monitor all the time. If one is jeopardized, it affected the two other objectives. These were performance, cost, and time. The study adopted descriptive survey research. The data were sampled from a population of one hundred and fifty employees in NALEP project. Primary data was collected through a survey questionnaire. Findings were represented in tables and analyzed through frequencies, percentages, mean scores, and standard deviations. The five-point Likert Scale were used to undertake the various analyses of implementation of NALEP projects, and the magnitude of their impact and usage. Given all the predictor variables constant at zero (0), project implementation will be 3.783. The regression coefficient for communication is 0.739. The study found that poor communication minimizes chances of creating an understanding, an approval of the implementation and sharing information between the project team and communicating to the whole organization thus resulting in ineffective project implementation. The study found that NALEP has a plan for implementation stages that helps in assessing keenness of an organization for change as well as the efficacy of the proposed change targets. The study found that there was enough financial support for project implementation at NALEP thus effective project implementation since finances are essential in the running of a project initiative in terms of facilitating execution of implementation tasks. It found that making allowances for adequate monitoring and evaluation gives the project manager and field officials the ability to anticipate problems, to oversee corrective measures, and to ensure that no deficiencies are overlooked thus resulting in effective project implementation. The study recommends that NALEP should improve integrated communications plan to improve project implementation. The organization should allocate sufficient funds to projects and ensure there is independency in utilization of the funds.

Keywords: Communication, Project implementation, NALEP projects.

Title: INFLUENCE OF PROJECT SCHEDULE CONTROL ON PERFORMANCE OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION IN RWANDA: A CASE OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK EXTENSION PROJECT IN KICUKIRO DISTRICT

Author: MICHAEL NGERA GITAU, Dr. PATRICK MULYUNGI, Dr. YUSUF MUCHELULE

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study is about to establish the transition effect from cash based to cashless system on financial performance of commercial banks. A case study of bank of Cogebanque. Cashless system is described in economy whereby financial transactions are not conducted with money in the form of notes or coins. This concept has been discussed worldwide as the world is experiencing rapid use of digital exchanging of money especially in e- commerce, investment and daily life. On the other side cash based economy is a setting where retail and commercial payments are primarily made in cash. Cashless system is an indispensable system which makes life easy but at the end the most important thing is its impact on the overall development and transformation of the economy in general. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of cashless system on financial performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. Specific objectives are to determine the effect of mobile wallet on profitability of commercial banks, to assess the effect of plastic money on performance of commercial banks in Rwanda, to investigate the relationship between net banking and performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. The researcher will use descriptive research design of study based on qualitative and quantitative approach in order to get better analysis of the study. She will use both primary and secondary data collection with their relevant tools like questionnaire and documentary analysis in order to come up with required data. The target population will be 100 staff involved in decision making and customers. The researcher will use descriptive method of study based on qualitative and quantitative approach in order to get better analysis of the study. She will use stratified sampling technique and Pearson coefficient of correlation to measure the statistical relationship that exists between independent and dependent variable.

Title: EFFECT OF CASHLESS SYSTEM ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RWANDA: A CASE STUDY OF COGEBANQUE

Author: Liliane Uwineza, Dr. Patrick Mulyungi, Dr. Oluoch Omach

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of project team skills on performance of Rural Sector Support Project in Rwanda. This study used descriptive research design involving explaining the relationship between variables. The population of the study was 57 project team members since the target population of the study was a small number, the researcher preferred to use a census by considering the total population as sample. The researcher collected primary data using questionnaires and data were analysed using percentages and frequencies. Based on the information drawn from findings the researcher concluded that the effect of Project team planning skills on performance of Rural Sector Support Project is significant. It was found out that, the project could not succeed without planning skills of their managing teams that the increase of one unit in terms of team planning skills increases the project performance by .934 units if other variables remain constant. The study found out that Project team monitoring and evaluation skills has a great effect on Performance of Rural Sector Support Project. This study demonstrated that there is a strong and positive relationship between Project team communication skills and Performance of Rural Sector Support Project. The researcher recommended the Project owners and managers to recruit the project planners based on their technical skills in project and program planning and enhance the technical capacity of the project team by providing adequate trainings to them.Project managers must pay attention to monitoring and evaluation skills and working experience in the similar positions when recruiting the monitoring and evaluation specialists and officers.Given the fact that communication is a very important factor for any project performance and as the study findings revealed that that there is a strong and positive relationship between Project team communication skills and Performance of Rural Sector Support Project.

Title: EFFECT OF PROJECT TEAM SKILLS ON PERFORMANCE OF IFAD FUNDED PROJECTS IN RWANDA: A CASE OF RURAL SECTOR SUPPORT PROJECT

Author: John Murinzi, Dr. Patrick Mulyungi, Dr. Yosuf Muchelule

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study intended to establish the influence of planning on the performance of small and medium enterprises in rice growing societies in Kenya. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The target population for this study was147 registered SMEs in Mwea Rice Cooperative Societies in Kirinyaga County. Simple random sampling was be used. A sample of 107 entrepreneurs was selected. The researcher used questionnaires as the primary data collection instrument. Data collected was coded, cleaned and processed by use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. The data was then analyzed using frequency distribution tables and percentages. Finally, multiple linear regression model was employed to establish the significance of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The study concluded that strategic planning practices like scanning and assessing the environment, formulating mission statement and objectives, monitoring and controlling the progress as well as allocating resources were adopted by the SMEs.

Keywords: Planning, Performance, Monitoring, Controlling.

Title: INFLUENCE OF PLANNING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN RICE GROWING SOCIETIES IN KENYA

Author: John Wambugu Kihonge, Samson Nyang’au Paul

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: This paper aims to describe the quality of organization management based on Job Description. Every organization requires decision-making, coordinating activities, human handling, division of tasks and authority, evaluation of achievements leading to group goals, all of which are management activities. Job description (job description) is a collection of information positions and arranged systematically obtained through job analysis (job analysis). Target Description Job description (job description) is a description of the duties and responsibilities of each personal or employee to indulge in organizing and knowing exactly what is done through the process of planning, organizing, mobilizing, and supervision in order to achieve the goals set. While the core of management is leadership, namely the ability to move people to follow leaders.

Keywords: Organization, Quality, Management, Job Description.

Title: THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT BASED ON JOB DESCRIPTION OF UPBJJ-UT MAKASSAR STUDENTS SERVICES

Author: KARTINI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: This research intended to assess the contribution of managerial succession planning on project performance and was carried out in RDDP projects located in Kacyiru sector- Gasabo district with the following objectives; to assess the contribution of professional development on performance of RDD project, to examine the influence of replacement planning on project performance in RDD project and to assess the effect of succession planning on the performance of RDDP project. The researcher reviewed literature related to managerial succession planning and project performance, both theoretical and empirical literature was reviewed, a critical review of existing literature was done to find the gap that needs to be filled by the research as well as the conceptual framework showing the relationship between the two variables. The research design used was descriptive and analytical while the population was 85 employees of RDDP project while the sample size was 70 respondents from the total population selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data collection tools were questionnaires and interviews. The collected was presented using tables and analyzed based on percentages and frequencies. The researcher found out that RDDP project carries out managerial succession planning through professional development that is contribution to performance of the project. Therefore there is no doubt that RDDP project is performing as a result of managerial succession planning. The researcher concluded that with no doubt project performance is related to managerial succession planning due the benefits that accrue from the project being prepared to replace employees when they go through replacement planning in the project. RDDP project is performing as indicated by availability of resources; project reputation, satisfied beneficiaries, project sustainability and committed staff. Managerial succession planning has had an impact on project performance through facilitating attainment of project objectives, it equipped staff with managerial skills, increase in satisfaction of employees, it improves project sustainability. The researcher recommended that the government of the Republic of Rwanda should help projects by providing them with trainings on the benefits of managerial succession planning in projects.

Keywords: Project, Planning, Succession planning, Managerial succession planning & Performance.

Title: THE CONTRIBUTION OF MANAGERIAL SUCCESSION PLANNING AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN RWANDA: A CASE STUDY OF RDD PROJECT

Author: ALICE MANIRAHO, Dr. Patrick MULYUNGI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Monitoring and evaluation are very important for effective and efficient project management and implementation. It allows for project activities to be measured and analysed. It is therefore imperative that this very important aspect of project management be carried out effectively. This study seeks to establish the factors influencing Monitoring and evaluation in the Telecommunication Industry with focus on project implementation at Safaricom Limited. Specifically, the study will seek to investigate the correlation between Stakeholder Participation; Budgetary Allocation; Training Level of the Evaluation Team; Monitoring and Evaluation Culture; and effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation in the Telecommunication Industry. The study will adopt a descriptive research design that will utilize both secondary and primary data. Primary data will be collected by use of a structured questionnaire. The target population will include senior management and PMO staff from Safaricom Limited. Data collected will be analysed using SPSS V-20 software and tested for correlation of the variables.

Title: FACTORS AFFECTING MONITORING AND EVALUATION IN TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY WITH FOCUS ON PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AT SAFARICOM LIMITED

Author: Linda Watiti

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Commercial banks play a vital role in economic development for many developing countries, by providing a wide range of products and services to households, business firms and the government. The study reviewed literature on the selected factors that have influenced financial innovation in commercial banks in Kenya. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics aided by statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) and findings were presented on tables and charts. The study found customer needs, competition, economic environment and technology affects financial innovation. Based on the findings it can be concluded that dynamic customer needs, concentrated market, fluctuating interest and inflation rate, easy access to the products and services are the highest factors ranked by respondents that influenced financial innovation in commercial banks in Kenya. It is therefore recommended to the management of commercial banks and the government to explore sustainable businesses linkages and collaboration that will facilitate financial innovation in Kenya.

Keywords: Financial Innovation, Commercial Banks, Technology, Competition, Regulatory, Customer.

Title: EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS ON FINANCIAL INNOVATION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

Author: MR. BRIAN ELIJAH OBARA MANYARA, MRs. MONICAH MUIRU, MR. HUSBORN O. KENYANYA

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Tourism in Ethiopia accounted for 5.5% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2006, having barely increased 2% over the previous year. The government is proving its commitment and willingness to develop tourism through a number of initiatives. Tourism is a featured component of Ethiopia's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), which aims to combat poverty and encourage economic development.

The Ethiopian Ministry of Culture and Tourism is the ministry of the Government of Ethiopia responsible for researching, preserving, developing, and promoting the culture and tourist attractions of Ethiopia and its peoples, both inside the country and internationally. In doing so the Ministry closely works together with different national and international stakeholders.

Subordinate bodies include the Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage (ARCCH), Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA), National Archives and Library Agency, and Ethiopian National Theatre.

The Ministry publicizes the country's resources of tourist attractions and encourages the development of tourist facilities. It also licenses and supervises establishments of tourist facilities such as hotels and tour operators, and sets the standards for them. Ethiopia is blessed with abundant natural tourist attractions, including nine World Heritage Sites, but the Ministry of Culture and Tourism still struggles to attract tourists in decent numbers owing to poor investment, security, and does not have any cohesive tourism development or promotion strategy. The aim of ‘ARCCH’ Tourism Services is to enable tourists to find spots that only the locals know, giving the tourists opportunity to the tourists to explore new areas of the place like never before. This paper proposes find the scope for a personalized service for tourist “Special Interest Tourism” recommendation for tourists who travel within arbaminch & for the benefit of Foreign Nationals who visit the city. The major focus of the study is to understand the demand for such a service being integrated into the conventional tour package. The major findings made during the course of the show that the market for “Special Interest Tourism” based services stands at approximately 62.8%.

Title: AN EXPLORING STUDY OF THE SCOPE FOR SPECIAL INTEREST TOURISM BASED SERVICES IN ETHIOPIA WITH REFERENCE TO KONSA VILLEGE IN ARBAMINCH

Author: Dr. Kannan, Ms. Azeb Tamiret

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The study seeks to examine the role of the central bank on the economic development of Somalia: a case study of central bank of Somalia, Mogadishu. The study objectives will be; to ascertain how central bank as a regulation affects economic development of Somalia, to determine whether financial market development affects economic development of Somalia, to assess how central bank as a government banker affects economic development in Somalia and to examine whether the monetary and fiscal policies affects economic development in Somalia. The study will be carried out with a purpose of identifying the roles of the Central Bank towards the economic development of Somalia, the level of economic development in Somalia and the extent to which the Central Bank has contributed to economic development in Somalia. The study will follow a cross sectional research design. The qualitative and quan-titative approaches will be employed based on central bank of Somalia, Mogadishu. The quantitative technique will be used to collect and analyze data on the role of central bank and economic development in Somalia. The target population of 140 will be selected and it comprises of 20 top authorities of Central Bank, 45 other employees of the bank, 55 Offi-cials from the Ministry of Finance, Somalia and 120 Local community members. The sample size of the study consists of 150 respondents of the target population. The sample will be purposively and randomly selected. The top authorities of CBS will be purposely selected because they head the bank and thus will have knowledge about the role of central bank on economic development in Somalia. The local community members will be randomly selected to give each an equal chance of representation. All respondents will be assumed to have vital information on the subject matter of the research. Respondents who will be willing to partic-ipate will be approached. The study will involve use of interviews and questions to gather data on the study variables. He conclusions were based on the objectives of the study that role of central banks drivers had a significant influence on economic development of Soma-lia. The results established that central banks drivers were found to significantly and posi-tively influence economic development of Somalia. When all the stated variables were tested in the regression model they were found to have a significant relationship between them-selves and economic development of Somalia. Government banker was the driver which had the highest influence on economic development followed by regulation and monetary poli-cies. The findings of the study established that role of central bank of Somalia were operat-ing under a highly competitive environment between them. However, this moderate result revealed that there were all variables which were influencing the economic development of Somalia. It was concluded that economic development of Somalia needed to embrace role of Central bank of Somalia drivers in order to achieve sustainable development advantage. The results obtained from this study were important in terms of reflecting the situation on the usage and role levels of central bank drivers of economic development of Somalia in com-mercial banks. The results further revealed a positive relationship between the individual role of central bank drivers and economic development. The results provide an insight to banks managers on the importance of role of Central bank with all commercial banks areas.

Title: INFLUENCE OF CENTRAL BANK GOVERNANCE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MOGADISHU SOMALIA

Author: Awil Aden Mohamud, Aaron Mukhongo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Growth is the most an important objective of each organization running, especially for a business making profit. Despite the efforts by organizations in Rwanda to be successful through exhibiting growth overtime they are still faced by a myriad of challenges which to some extent has slowed down their growth potential in terms of rate of expansion. As much as IAKIB has managed to grow overtime the rate of growth is still not impressive an indication that there could be some operational strategies challenges faced by the organization.  The purpose of this study was therefore to establish the effect of operational strategies on organizational growth, case study of IAKIB Cooperative. Specifically, the study assessed the effect of marketing strategies, communication strategies and human resources development strategies on organization growth. The study used a descriptive survey design where quantitative and qualitative approaches to data collection were used based on a target population of 121 from IAKIB Cooperative. A sample size of 92 respondents was calculated using Yamane’s formula. Stratified simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the sample. Data was collected using questionnaires as the principal data collection instrument. Data was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 for windows with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The finds were presented in form of graphs and tables. The findings indicated a significant positive effect of operational strategies on organizational growth. The study recommended that IAKIB should organize training seminars, provide study leaves to the members, increase their advertisement on social media and ensure that the top management holds the highest academic qualifications. The findings of this study will be important to IAKIB Cooperative Management in strategic decisions making towards achieving cooperative growth, to the Government through expansion of cooperatives hence employment creation and to the academician through knowledge addition in the field of organization growth.

Keywords: operational strategies, Organizational growth, marketing strategies, Human Resource development strategies, communication strategies, IAKIB.

Title: EFFECT OF OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES ON ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF IAKIB COOPERATIVE

Author: Uwera Beate, Dr. Patrick Mulyungi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Ethical sourcing is one of the very many simple concepts that make a lot of sense to any well-meaning organization. Unfortunately, implementing the concept is not very simple, and over the years, companies have crumbled due to failure to master the best practices in ethical sourcing. The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of ethical sourcing on procurement performance, with specific reference devolved systems of governance in Nairobi County. Specifically, it seeks to determine whether supplier selection ethics, ethical policies and codes, procedural justice ethics and supplier diversity influence the procurement performance in Nairobi County. The study employed descriptive research design, and the study population was the procurement department in Nairobi county government. The target population of the study is 187 staffs, and the sample size is 65 staffs. Data were collected using questionnaires with both open and closed questions, and they were administered by the researcher through a drop and pick technique through simple random sampling technique. A pilot study was undertaken for the study to determine validity and reliability of the study instruments. The collected data was then analyzed by SPSS Version 23.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Supplier Selection Ethics have a positive and significant effect on procurement performance, β1 = 0.232, p = 0.036, Ethical Policies and Codes have a positive and significant effect on procurement performance, β2 = 0.309, p = 0.005, Procedural Justice Ethics have a positive and significant effect on procurement performance, β3= 0.243, p = 0.026 while Supplier Diversity Ethics have a positive and significant effect on procurement performance, β4 = 0.347, p = 0.002. Based on these findings, priority needs to be given to suppliers who can effectively meet specifications and code of conduct needs to be developed to enhance effectiveness and reduce costs. There is a need for regular assessment of whether the suppliers use forced labor is not carried out, prohibition of selection of suppliers who collude to fix or hike market prices, and carrying out a regular assessment of suppliers’ health and safety practices to ensure ethical sourcing. There is need to put in measures to address any conflict of interest in the procurement process to reduce internal and external derived fraud; there is a need to have a policy on gifts and hospitality offered to ensure ethical and fair procurement processes. Also, transparency to the criteria used when offering/bidding needs to be defined to encourage open and fair competition. The procurement department needs to put in measures in the creation of awareness of the preference (supplier diversity) for public benefit, develop and implement a preferential policy and ensure that the management or administration is encouraged to be committed to strengthening strategic partnerships with minority-owned businesses.

Keywords: Public Procurement, Ethical Codes, and Policies, Public entities, Supply Chain Management.

Title: Influence of Ethical Sourcing Practices on Procurement Performance: A Case of Nairobi City County

Author: Jackline Tuntera Nyakundi, Dr. Muchelule Yusuf Wanjala

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: The paper aims to investigate the factors influencing the state of improved performance in the education sector of decentralised service: The case study of Regional Councils in Namibia. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the factors that influences the state of performance in the educational sector of decentralised services in the Regional Councils. The paper used a descriptive case study approach to analyse the decentralisation policy on performance in the education sector; hence qualitative research design was adopted. The researcher used face to face interviews, observation and desk documents analysis to collect data. The target research population for this study consisted of about 4,000 permanent staff members of Regional Councils (including the Directorate of Education). A purposeful sample of 30 respondents were selected from all Regional Councils, including the Directorate of Education. The findings revealed that there is a little understanding of decentralization policy among participants. The findings from the paper revealed that planning of activities in the regions is done completely separately by two different offices such as Directorate of Education and Regional Council.  The result of the findings further revealed the dual reporting lines and communication among staff members are both found to be problematic areas during the delegation phase. The findings revealed that education services delivered through different means of communications. Various issues were revealed which considered as the main contributing factors and major challenges that impacting the effectiveness of service delivery in the regions. The study is significant because it serves as a guiding tool to future researches who would wish to conduct research on decentralisation and service delivery. It is expected to inform educators of the factors, benefits and challenges that affect decentralised education and exploring ways of addressing them to enhance efficiency in education service delivery.

Keywords: Decentralization, Education, Regional Councils, Apartheid, Bantu education.   

Title: Evaluating performance in the Educational Sector of Decentralised services: A case study of Regional Councils in Namibia

Author: Albert J. Isaacs, Sitali Brian Lwendo, CollinsKazondovi

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Abstract: The cost of travelling to a bank was often higher than the cost of making a transaction in a brick and motor institution. Since 2010, the banking sector has been making strides towards greater financial inclusion through the introduction of agency banking. Rather than using bank branches and their own field officers, they offer banking and payment services through retail outlets, including grocery stores, pharmacies, retail shops, gas stations among others. This study was carried out to examine the contribution of agency banking to the improvement in financial inclusion in Bugesera district, as this is a key pillar for Rwanda Vision 2020. The study adopted descriptive research design and focused on the activities of banks offering agency services within Bugesera district. The target population for the study was agents of commercial banks operating in Bugesera District. Simple random sampling was used and both primary and secondary data collected. The data was central-edited to account for analytical utility and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) used for analysis while Microsoft Excel was used for the listing and ranking of variables. Tools of classification of data was statistical tables, histograms, line charts and bar charts. For the qualitative data, simple listing of suggestions, factors and other itemized variables was adopted. After exploration and organization of the data, descriptive statistics was used. This study is expected to highlight the winning points from agency banking, which can further be exploited as Rwanda seeks to achieve its goal of financial inclusion for all, under the Vision 2020. Data collected was analyzed through SPSS version 21 and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. Descriptive statistical tools such as frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation helped the researcher to describe the data. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the data on financial performance. The study revealed that financial services accessibility by customers through baking agencies had a positive impact on financial performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. The study found that increased market share had a positive effect on the financial performance of commercial banks with many banking institutions indicating that increased market share allowed a company to achieve greater scale in its operations which generally improved its profitability. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the data on financial performance. The ANOVA results for regression coefficient indicate that the significance of the F is 0.00 which is less than 0.05. This implies that there is a positive significant relationship the effect of agency banking and performance of commercial banks in Rwanda and that the model is a good fit for the data.

Keywords: Financial services accessibility, customers, financial inclusion, commercial banks Bugesera district, Rwanda.

Title: CONTRIBUTION OF AGENCY BANKING TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN RWANDA: A CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN BUGESERA DISTRICT, RWANDA

Author: MAGGY BIZIMANA, Dr. PATRICK MULYUNGI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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