Vol 8 Issue 1 April 2020-September 2020

Abstract: Loan performance has over the years been a critical issue for banks as well as regulators. High/significant financial costs and economic costs are associated with non-performing loans. Banks’ long term sustainability is threatened by its failure to earnings from various loans as well as recovering principal. Empirical works in past were however largely based on other countries, similarly, these works focused largely on multiple regression technique. This study investigated the effect of firm characteristics on commercial banks’ loan performances in Kenya. Specifically, the study examined the effect of capital adequacy, bank size and liquidity on loan performances of commercial banks in Kenya. The study’s target population of the study consists of all commercial banks in Kenya from 2013 to 2017, these are forty in number. The enquiry was based on census approach and focused Kenyan commercial banks. The analysis of data was done using descriptive and inferential analyses. The regression technique with a threshold of 5% level of significance was used. The study concluded that capital adequacy strongly influences the loan performances of commercial banks in Kenya. The study also found that bank size had significant effect on loan performance of commercial banks. The study concluded that liquidity to be a key predictor of loan performances. Banks should ensure putting in place sufficient capital buffer before focusing on lending activities. The study recommends that put up effective risk assessment and monitoring structures in place so as to eliminate the bureaucracies associated with large banks. This will in turn lead to decreasing no performing loans and in turn improve loan performances of commercial banks. The study is of the recommendation that banks increase their investment options, so as to diversify, thus, reduce poor loan performances.

Keywords: Capital Adequacy, Bank Size, Liquidity, Loan Performance and Commercial Banks.

Title: BANK CHARACTERISTICS AND LOAN PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

Author: ESTHER MAKENA JOTHAM, JOSEPH THEURI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Social Media plays an important role in higher education. Social media and technological devices put more impact on student life in higher education and in public life also. Peoples search information through websites and share information through different electronic devices such as Television, Mobile phones, Pager, Personal computer and Desktop by using internet through Face book, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Google+, Flipchart, Vine, Tumbler, Whatsapp etc. Circulate information by using electronic devices and it is need to analyze impact of social media in higher education. The earlier research focused on using social media teaching and learning of mathematics and improves skill to solve mathematical problems and it is helpful to learning, gathering and sharing the information. The present study focused on effects of social media on students life and as well as public social life. Open-ended questionnaire are frame for survey and chi-square statistical tool Convenience sample techniques are used for analysis.  The uses of social media can prove to be a very useful source of learning, sharing and healthy activities.

Keywords: Social Media, ICT, Electronic Device, Internet etc, Social Devices.

Title: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON IMPACTOF SOCIAL MEDIA ON HIGHER EDUCATION

Author: PRASHANTH KUMAR C.P., SANTHOSH V.

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Patient satisfaction is a measure of the extent to which a patient is content with the healthcare they received from their healthcare provider. Patient satisfaction is one of the most important factors to determine the success of a healthcare facility. The findings of the study are gleaned by using regression to explore patient satisfaction with the healthcare services, and whether or not the physician’s behavior moderates the link of patient satisfaction and healthcare services. The main results of the regression analysis validate that healthcare services have a significant and positive effect on patient satisfaction. Specifically, the study suggests that the physician’s behavior significantly moderates the effect of healthcare services on the satisfaction of patients. The overall opinions about the satisfaction level of patients for the availability of health services in the hospitals were good.

Keywords: patient satisfaction; healthcare services; physician’s behavior; Takeo Province, Cambodia.

Title: Customer Satisfaction and Perception of Healthcare Service: A case study in Takeo Referral Hospital

Author: Mr. Seng Raksmey, Mr. Xu Huaifu

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: In General, Electronic commerce (EC) became possible in 1991 when the internet was opened to commercial use. E-commerce is like any commercial project on fact (commerce). However, e-commerce is easier, which means no need to go out to buy goods, no need for an actual place to display the product. In other words, the net offers all resources free of charge (marketing, market, and product). Electronic commerce began in the Arab countries in the year 2000. In Libya, the matter is still relatively limited. E-commerce has been affected positively and negatively worldwide, Libya as well. This paper will present several aspects of Covid19 impact globally and locally on e-commerce.

Keywords: impact covid19 on Libya, e-marketing, e-commerce, Negative Effects of Corona, positive effects of Corona, covid19 on the world.

Title: Impact covid19 on E-commerce globally and locally (Libya)

Author: Rahma Mostafa Alsharif, Noor Azizh bt Mohamadali

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to establish the influence of organizational competence on the performance of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Organizational competence is the ability of an organization to cope with  modern environmental dynamics and effectively perform its mandate to meet its goals and steer performance and continuity. While the firms listed at NSE have been at the forefront of steering economic growth and development in Kenya, most of the firms have unsustainable performance characterized by declining profit margins, losses and shrinking market capitalization which poses a threat to investors and shareholders. This study therefore sought to assess the role played by organizational competence in enhancing firm performance of the listed firms at NSE.  Descriptive research design was employed and the target population was the listed firms at NSE. Purposive sampling and census were applied where all the listed firms were surveyed (census) while purposive sampling was used to pick four senior managers from each of the companies. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data which was analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that organizational competence was a key aspect in steering the performance of the listed firms. It was concluded that the listed firms with more competent management recorded better performance thus recommending that the listed firms ought to embrace organizational competence as a key driver to enhancing organizational performance.

Keywords: Organizational Competence, firm performance, listed firms, Nairobi Securities Exchange.

Title: INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETENCE ON PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE

Author: Ndungu Samuel Machiri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The textile and apparel industry has the potential to move an economy into middle income status by providing gainful employment to many people. Kenya, like other developing countries, has the capacity to use its textile and apparel industry to move its economy forward. But this has not been possible given the influx of secondhand clothing (SHC) from US and Europe and other related factors. This SHC market also known as “mitumba” has created employment for some while stagnating the domestic textile and apparel industry in Kenya. Although Kenya and other East African Community (EAC) countries threatened to stop the importation of SHC, threats from the US government to suspend them from African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) free trade pact made Kenya and others to retreat. Rwanda was more determined and went ahead to gradually and eventually ban the sale of the SHC. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to outline lessons from Rwanda’s textile industry that can help boost Kenya’s textile and apparel industry. Following its 2015 policy against SHC, Rwanda increased tariffs on these clothes, gradually withdrew them, and eventually banned their importation in 2019. Despite Rwanda losing AGOA benefits of duty-free US market, the launch of “Made in Rwanda” brand made the industry to thrive. Exports have grown, the textiles industry has expanded and created employment. Additionally, the rise of the global interest in contemporary African designs clothing has seen Rwanda fashion entrepreneurs access international markets. Similarly, Kenya can learn from Rwanda and boost its own domestic textile and apparel industry.

Keywords: Kenya, Rwanda, Secondhand clothing, AGOA, textiles and apparel industry.

Title: EXPANDING KENYA’S DOMESTIC TEXTILES AND APPAREL INDUSTRY: LESSONS FROM RWANDA’S SECONDHAND CLOTHING MARKET

Author: Jane Opiri, George M. Andayi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Poverty is impacting the lives of millions of people worldwide. Poor households are large, are less probable to have an educated head of the household, have very few skills, own no and very little land, and depend on often seasonal wage labor. Poverty becomes primarily a rural problem – 4 out of 5 poor people live throughout remote regions and poverty is higher in rural areas than in urban regions (38% and 28% respectively) extreme poverty is present in both rural and urban areas. This paper provides validated Malaysian UotF conceptual business model based on foreign community engagement initiatives. The value proposition of the conceptual business model is to enhance the wellbeing of B40 youth in Afghanistan through humanizing entrepreneurship education, and at same time harnessing on the digital/IR4.0 capability and platform. This paper adapted the design thinking and system thinking approach to solve the wellbeing issues of B40 youth in Afghanistan through understanding their needs by building conceptual business models using modelling tools, i.e. Business model canvas (BMC) and Value proposition design canvas (VPC). The approach includes conducting literature review and interviews for understanding the key problems; formulating and ideating initial business model options in solving the problems; and validation of the initial business model by interviewing the customer segments. This paper focusses on Malaysian UotF international community engagement programmers in supporting and enhancing the wellbeing of B40 youth in Afghanistan - holistic success in education, health, economic opportunity, and citizenship.

Keywords: Well-being, Poverty, B40 Youth, Afghanistan, Digital era, SDG, BMC, VPC, University-of-the-Future, Humanizing entrepreneurship education, International community engagement Programme

Title: The role of Malaysian University-of-the-Future in the Digital Age: Strengthening the International Community Engagement Activities for Improving the Wellbeing of B40 Youth in Afghanistan Through Humanizing Entrepreneurship Programme with Digital Platform

Author: Naser Yaqubi, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Zutho tourism is a unique dimension of cultural tourism. Although Nagaland is famous for its unique Tribal Culture & Traditions, however development of Zutho tourism likewise beer tourism with contribution of its unique brewing techniques and use of good quality raw materials earmarked for sale in Nagaland Territory. A thorough analysis is presented that How Zutho, the traditional rice beer can be used as a trend of Beer tourism or locally Zutho Tourism. It is also argued that the famous Hornbill festival of Nagaland which enjoy colorful performances,crafts,sports,food fairs, ceremonies and games can also be utilized as a platform to promote the traditionally important Zutho Beer on a Global Level as Zutho Tourism.

The need of tourism is to make outline for the food/Beer Tourist to visit Nagaland like done in Germany Oktober festival. It would help to analyses and evaluate the impact of Zutho tourism in improvising the overall tourism of Nagaland/Northeast and hence economical growth on ground level.

Keywords: Zutho, Rice Beer, Beer Tourism, Hornbill Festival.

Title: ZUTHO TOURISM

Author: Veenit Sinha

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The ability of the organization to adjust itself to fit customer needs is one of the requirement for them to remain competitive in the market. In absence of marketing mix customer relations suffer in terms of customer loyalty, retention and acquisition. The current study sought to assess the effects of marketing mix on customer relations in soapstone carving business in Kisii County, Kenya. Specific objectives were: to assess the effect of product on customer relations, to find out the effect of price on customer relations, to determine the effect of place on customer relations and to evaluate the effect of promotion on customer relations. The study helps the County Government and the entrepreneurs in decision making concerning enterprise planning. The study was based on equity, assimilation and contrast theories. The study used descriptive research design. The target population of the study was 857 employees of the 53 enterprises in Tabaka town majorly dealing in soapstone carving business. Purposive and stratified sampling techniques were used. A sample size of 86 respondents was selected for the study, which comprised of 10% in each category. The study found that: product, place, price and promotion had a positive relationship with customer relation. The study concluded that product, place and promotion significantly affected customer relations while price had insignificant but positive influence on customer relation. The study recommended that curving businesses should embrace market mix to enhance customer relation.

Keywords: Marketing Mix, Product, Price, Place, Promotion and Customer Relations.

Title: MARKETING MIX AND CUSTOMER RELATIONS IN SOAPSTONE CARVING BUSINESSES IN TABAKA, KISII COUNTY, KENYA

Author: ALBERT MOGITA OYUNGE, KIPKORIR SITIENE CHRIS SIMON

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The performance of listed firms is critical to economic growth and development. This however has not been the case to some of the listed firms at Nairobi Security Exchange (NSE) where firms have been recording losses and declined profit margins. This is alarming to both investors and the economy at large where declining firm performance signifies loss in revenues for the investors, job losses for employees, reduced foreign direct investments (FDI) and reduced tax collections for the government. While tough economic conditions and volatile operating environment have been blamed for the poor performance of firms, it raises questions on why some of the listed firms are still doing better hence the need to understand the underlying internal factors. Organizational learning has been termed as a key aspect in determining the performance of firms in the modern business World. Organizational learning is the process of aligning the right skills, competencies, knowledge and capabilities to enable the organizations to cope with the modern dynamics and steer performance. This study sought to establish the relationship between organizational learning and performance of listed firms at NSE. Descriptive research design was used while the 64 listed firms at NSE were targeted. A census was applied where all the firms were surveyed while 4 employees at management level were purposively selected from every listed firm. The main data collection instrument for primary data was a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics where frequencies, percentages mean and standard deviation were computed based on the research questions. The findings revealed that organizational learning significantly and positively influenced firm performance. The study concluded that organizational learning through group level, individual level and organizational level played a critical role in steering the performance of the listed firms. The study recommended that firm managers should take effectively embrace organizational learning through employee training and encouraging teamwork as a firm performance strategy.

Keywords: Organizational learning, organizational performance, listed firms, Nairobi Securities Exchange.

Title: INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING ON PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE

Author: Ndungu Samuel Machiri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Performance of any project is deemed as a source of concern to both the private and public sector clientele. Delays in implementation of a project are dangerous which quite often result in cost overrun, time overrun, disputes and in some cases total abandonment of projects. The key objective of this research study was to establish institutional factors affecting project performance of Postal Corporation. The specific objectives of the research study were to assess the effects of organizational resources, institutional policies, organizational culture and procurement procedure on project performance in the Postal Corporation of Kenya. Descriptive design was used. The target population of this study was 215 postal headquarters staff. Using stratified sampling technique, the study used a sample of size 132 respondents. Based on the findings from the multiple regression analyses, the study concluded that organizational culture, procurement procedure, institutional policies and organizational resource had a significant influence on project performance in Postal Corporation, Kenya. The study recommends that Postal Corporation management should introduce frequent training sessions aimed at improving human capital skills. The study also recommends that there is a need for implementation of the projects that are in line with an organisations strategy review that creates more focus on customers, provide room for creative autonomy, and promote entrepreneurial culture and adaptive performance among employees.

Keywords: Institutional Factors, Organizational Resource, Organizational Culture, Institutional Policies, Procurement Procedure and Project Performance.

Title: INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN POSTAL CORPORATION, KENYA

Author: MAUREEN WAMUYU, LUCY NGUGI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of professional accountants’ education, experience, and professional ethics on the perception of creative accounting. The study used the theory of planned behavior developed by Icek Ajzen (1991) as a theoretical foundation. The population was 405 Chartered Accountants of the Institute of Indonesian Chartered Accountants in Bali, Indonesia. Samples were a non-probability and selected by using total sampling technique since it was difficult to determine the domicile of accountants, as well as to anticipate dropped samples and low response rates. The study used multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that experience did not affect the perception of creative accounting, while education and professional ethics influenced the perception of creative accounting significantly. Thus, good professional ethics has become a strong consideration for rational and ethical or unethical action to maintain a good quality of the profession.

Keywords: ethics, perception, creative accounting, chartered accountants, professional.

Title: The Effect of Professional Accountants’ Education, Experience, and Professional Ethics on Creative Accounting Perspective in Bali

Author: Badia Gunawan Manurung, Ni Ketut Rasmini, Gayatri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Acquiring an education is an integral part of the Islamic faith. In fact, the first verse revealed to the Mohamed (Pbuh) was; "Read! In the Name of your Lord, who has created (all that exists), Has created man from a clot (a piece of thick coagulated blood). Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous" (al- ‘Alaq 96:1-3). Also, the prophet said, "Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim". (Sunan Ibn Mājah,224). Above verse and hadith clearly state the essentiality of education and knowledge acquisition to the Muslims. Also, in Islam, humankind is seen as Allah's vicegerent on earth. Subsequently, without proper education, Muslims would not be able to fulfil their mission as Allah's vicegerent. Being Allah's vicegerent means "being concerned with the wellbeing of other humans" (Kazmi, p.14). In other, creating a more humane world and just; where protecting people's rights and dignity is a priority (SDG16). Executing this mission requires effectively deep knowledge of Allah (S.W), understand the nature of the world we inhabit and deep understanding of the mission at hand. And this is where holistic and quality education place role. This paper offers a validated conceptual Malaysian UotF business model with a focus on international community engagement programmes. The value proposition of the conceptual business model is to enhance the wellbeing of B40 young women in Libya through humanizing digital entrepreneurship education activities and harnessing on digital capability. The design and system thinking approach has been adopted in this paper to address the wellbeing issues of the Libyan B40 young women through understanding their need, and then followed by building conceptual business models using modelling tools, i.e. Business model canvas (BMC) and Value proposition design canvas (VPC). The approach includes conducting a literature review and interviews for understanding the needs, challenges and key problems; formulating and ideating initial business model options in solving the problems; and validation of the initial business model by interviewing the various customer segments. The objective is to enhance the wellbeing of B40 young women with decent jobs and stimulate economic growth through a humanizing digital entrepreneurship programme. 

Keywords: Wellbeing, Education of Libya, University of the Future, SDG4, BMC, VPC, Humanizing of education, entrepreneurship, B40 young women, Development.

Title: Making University-of-the-Future Relevance in the Digital Age: Community engagement in enhancing the wellbeing of B40 Libyan young women through balanced digital entrepreneurship education and digital platform

Author: Rahma Mostafa Alsharif, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: User satisfaction is someone's feeling of being happy or not happy in receiving an information system of the overall expected benefits of a person, where the feeling is generated from interactions with the information system. The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence and to determine the effect of top management support, system quality, information quality, and perceived usefulness on user satisfaction. This research was conducted in 35 LPDs that registered with the LPLPD in Denpasar City. Samples taken as many as 102 questionnaires, with nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done through questionnaires and documentation. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis found that top management support, system quality, information quality, and perceived usefulness significantly influence user satisfaction. This means that the more top management support, system quality, information quality and perceived usefulness, the higher the user satisfaction of an accounting information system.

Keywords: Top Management Support, System Quality, Information Quality, Perceived Usefulness, User Satisfaction.

Title: The Effect of Top Management Support, System Quality, Information Quality, and Perceived Usefulness on the User Satisfaction of Accounting Information Systems at Village Credit Institution (LPD) in Denpasar City

Author: Putu Agus Cahya Wira Putra, I Wayan Ramantha, Ni Ketut Rasmini, I Ketut Sujana

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: A progressive banking sector withstands negative economic shocks and helps in enhancing the stability of the financial system. The return on equity of commercial banks in Kenya has been experiencing a decline. The decline has brought concerns from different quarters of the financial sector and other stakeholders. The study aimed at establishing the impacts of bank specific characteristics on return on equity of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of bank size, management efficiency and asset quality on return on equity of commercial banks in Kenya. The study focused on 43 banks listed by CBK at 2017. The study was based on casual research design. The study focused the period 2014 to 2017, where panel regression analysis was used. The outcome from the examination was that bank size and management efficiency have significant positive effect on return on equity of commercial banks in Kenya. Asset quality has an insignificant negative effect on return on equity of commercial banks in Kenya. The study therefore recommends that banks should utilizing assets by investing in other ventures to maximize profits and by extension performance. The research suggests that focus should be placed on the banks’ operating income as this in turn raising the banks’ performance. Subsequent studies can replicate this in other segments of the financial sectors by focusing on SACCOs and Micro Finance Institutions.

Keywords: Bank Specific Characteristics, Bank Size, Management Efficiency, Asset Quality, Return on Equity.

Title: BANK SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS AND RETURN ON EQUITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

Author: ESBON KIUNJURI MWANGI, CHARITY NJOKA

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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