Vol 5 Issue 2 October 2017-March 2018

Abstract: Strategic management practices involves strategic planning; strategy implementation and strategy evaluation and control, which have in the past studies been seen to influence the competitive positioning of the firm in the industry, thus determine the performance. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of strategic management practices on the performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa County. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the effect of cost leadership on performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa county, to establish the effect of planning on performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa county, to determine the effect of innovation on performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa county and effect of product diversification on performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa county. The study employed competitive advantage and resource based as theories for the study. The metrics for measuring the company’s performance were the quality of product and customer satisfaction. The descriptive research design was used in the formulation of knowledge on the effect of strategic management practices on the performance of oil sector firms in Mombasa County and provided solutions to areas that needed improvement. Structured questionnaires and oral interviews research techniques were used to get primary data from selected oil sector firms in Mombasa County. Both quantitative and qualitative research techniques was used during data presentation using inferential statistics to draw conclusions from the nominal measurement scale. Purposive sampling technique was used to identify and select eligible participants for the study sampling since it allowed the researcher to choose subjects who are in the best position to provide information required.  Reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha. Inferential statistics such as Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis was used for further analysis. Data was analyzed using statistical packaging social sciences software (SPSS) version 23 to find the relationships and averages of the data in addition to tabular presentations for understandable presentation. From the finding results strategic cost leadership is driven by company efficiency, size, scale, scope and cumulative experience. Cost leadership aims to exploit scale production, well defined scope and other economies.  Strategic planning plays a vibrant role of organization process of defining its strategy, or direction and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy. From the findings the study concluded that strategic cost leadership, strategic planning, strategic innovation and strategic product diversification have a positive significant effect on the performance of firm’s oils in Mombasa County. It is recommended that leaders in oil firms need to motivate, support, and communicate, innovate the organization in building up shared behavior, vision, mission, norms and values formation among the employees for strategy management practices. The study also revealed that a part from leadership and planning, innovation and product diversification also posed challenges in strategy management practices. It is therefore recommended that the oil firms adopts policies and procedures that support strategic management practices. It is recommended that firm oils organization corporate managers and other key stakeholders have to invest in robust innovation and technological systems that enhances performance which plays a critical part to the economy growth and development. It is also recommended that key players and corporate leaders in oil firms’ entities to diverge their efforts and intelligence minds in formulating viable decisions and policies that cultivates the culture of performance totality for the organization.

Keywords: Cost Leadership, Planning, Innovation & Product Diversification.

Title: EFFECTS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF OIL FIRMS IN KENYA. A SURVEY OF MOMBASA OIL FIRMS IN MOMBASA COUNTY

Author: Lilian Chepkorir Langat, Dr. Eric Lewa

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The general objective of this study was to examine the Leadership style determinants performance of federal government of Somalia. Specifically, this study explored the effects of Autocratic leadership, Democratic leadership, and Laissez-faire leadership on performance of the federal government of Somalia. The study engaged a survey research design in data collection. This research employed quantitative data collection method whereby data was gathered by the use of closed ended questionnaires which were self-administered. Dynamic analysis was used to assess the validity and Cronbach’s alpha to assess reliability of the questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis (standard and step wise) were conducted to determine the relationship between the leadership style and performance of the federal government of Somalia. Results confirm the one leadership style associated with performance of the federal government of Somalia. In general, Democratic leadership has significant and positive effects on performance of the federal government of Somalia, while Autocratic leadership and laissez-faire leadership have insignificant effects on performance of the federal government of Somalia. The study recommends that using Democratic leadership will improve performance of the federal government of Somalia.

Keywords: Leadership style, Democratic leadership, federal government of Somalia.

Title: EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON PERFORMANCE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF SOMALIA

Author: Aisha Ibrahim Habibullah, Aaron Mudenyo Mukhongo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The capital market plays a crucial role in the social economic system of a country by providing the necessary revenue required by the public and private sectors. The other important role is maintaining equilibrium in the general financial system by promoting a savings culture thus reducing unemployment and provides alternative sources of capital to reduce reliance on banks for loans. The year ended 2016 was not very good for the Kenyan stock market which was dubbed the worst performing market globally topping Nigeria stock exchange which closed 2015 as the worst performing stock market with investors boycotting the bourse altogether. The last quarter of 2017 saw the equity markets performance of NSE decline further compared to a similar period in 2017 with equity turnover decreasing to KSHS.25.39 billion in 2016 compared to KSH 46.10 billion in 2016.Market capitalization declined by 4.46% to KES 1,961.92 billion in Quarter 4.2016. The study will examine the effect of systematic risk and investor sentiment on share performance of listed firms in NSE Kenya. The study will examine the effect of exchange rate, inflation rate, money supply and investor sentiment on share performance. The moderating role of GDP on the relationship between systematic risk and investor sentiment on share performance will also be evaluated. The target population will be the 67 listed firms in NSE Kenya as at 2017.

Keywords: Systematic risk factors, Investor sentiment, performance, Nairobi Securities Exchange.

Title: SYSTEMATIC RISK FACTORS, INVESTOR SENTIMENT AND STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE IN KENYA

Author: Musembi Michael Makau, Dr. Jagongo Ambrose

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the satisfaction and performance of employees in five retail supermarkets in Windhoek. The major problem facing its management was that some employees did not work together as a team. This study took on a quantitative research approach undertaken by means of descriptive statistics. A target population of 600 respondents was chosen from the 5 Retail Supermarkets, which employed 120 employees per supermarket. A random sampling of 112 employees were taken, 22 employees from each of the four supermarkets and 24 from one supermarket. A modified existing research instrument called Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) was used to analyse the data. From the data analysis, the study concluded that the satisfaction and employee performance were low because employees were not motivated and recognised for their efforts in the achievement of the company they worked for. The finding from the study will influence and inform policy makers and managers in matters pertaining to the improvement of team satisfaction and performance in order to create effective teamwork in the shops. . Furthermore, the study identifies strategies for making improvements in existing team satisfaction and performance of employees, as well as various mechanisms to overcome the effects of poor teamwork. 

Keywords: employee satisfaction, performance, teamwork, motivation.

Title: EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AND PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF RETAIL SUPERMARKETS, WINDHOEK, NAMIBIA

Author: Albert J. Isaacs, Diana T. P. Ekandjo, Tangeni CTK IIyambo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study examined the causal relationship between Aggregated Imports and Economic Growth of Botswana for the period 1979 to 2014. In this study we use the Granger Causality to estimate the regression equation. The first step is to make the data stationary to avoid spurious regression. Based on the stationarity test results, cointegration tests were conducted to test for the existence of long-run relationship between Aggregated Imports and Economic Growth. The Error Correction Model (ECM) was employed to establish the short-run dynamics and speed of adjustment to the long-run. The estimation results for both the short-run and joint period revealed that there is no relationship between Aggregated Imports and Economic Growth. However, in the long-run period, there was evidence of causality, with Economic Growth granger causing Aggregated Imports.

Keywords: Economic growth, Aggregated Imports, Error Correction, Granger Causality, Cointegration.

Title: An Empirical Analysis on the Causality Effect between Aggregated Imports and Economic Growth for Botswana

Author: Shame Mukoka

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Small businesses in entertainment and hospitality play a significant role in the economy. They contribute to job creation, and have become another primary urban activity just like commerce and culture. They attract permanent residents, sustainable businesses and tourists to cities. The enterprises are notoriously known for having short lifespans, and this is due to 1) the inability and/or lack of tracking ever-changing market needs; and 2) the lack of evidence-based decision making by owners and/or managers. Big data analytics has been praised by many business leaders for elucidating insightful business information and providing evidence necessary for decision making. However, it has only been successfully used by big enterprises. This paper examines the importance of big data analytics to small businesses in entertainment and hospitality.

Keywords: Night-time economy, big data analytics, small businesses, entertainment and hospitality.

Title: Big Data Analytics: Saving Small Businesses in Entertainment and Hospitality

Author: Maketele Khalo, Reabetswe Nkhumise

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

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Abstract: The study sought to examine how reverse transportation affects Imported Furniture Distributing Firms in Nairobi County. The Inventory theory and Theory of Constraints guided the study. This study adopted the descriptive Survey research design targeting 130 managers drawn from 26 Imported Furniture Distributing Firms in Nairobi County. Simple random sampling technique was used to obtain a sample size of 83 respondents to be used in this study. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by administering questionnaires to the respondents in the companies while secondary data was obtained from the firms’ inventory records. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. It was established that reverse transportation significantly affected the performance of imported furniture distributing firms in Nairobi County as most of the furniture distribution firms had forward-looking supply systems and as such did not anticipate back-flow of items. It is recommended that the management of the firms need to make provision for product retrievals in their distribution cycles.

Keyword: Reverse transportation, performance and Imported Furniture Distributing Firms.

Title: Relationship between Reverse Transportation and the Performance of Imported Furniture Distributing Firms in Nairobi County

Author: David Kiilu Samson, James Mwangi Gacuiri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to find out whether microfinance helps to reduce poverty and has impact on economic development at all. Microfinance has been established targeting the poor people who are screened out from getting loans from formal financial institutions due to lack of collateral and low creditworthiness. There has undergone a tremendous transformation in all aspects of microfinance, including outreach and portfolio size, proliferation of microfinance through a large number of microfinance institutions, diversification of services, new regulatory regime, contribution in rural development, recognition of microfinance as a major contributor in poverty reduction and so on. Even then some challenges concerning institutional efficiency, diversity of services, fallout from political and macroeconomic factor and replication of agricultural credit are faced. Microfinance is not a panacea at all but has limited impact on freeing the people from poverty and especially empowering the women in the society.

Keywords: Microfinance, Rural Development, Collateral, Poverty reduction, Non-financial services, Empowering women.

Title: Behind the Helping Hand of Microfinance: An Overview of Microfinance in Developing Countries

Author: Md. Monzur Hossain, Rashedul Islam, Sayeda Amin

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The automotive sector is a fast growing sector and competition is stiff. The sector players are seeking way of improving performance through green procurement. Both public and private sector organizations are implementing Green procurement practices that include environmental (and social) considerations so as to improve performance. This has been captured by scholars in empirical literature and they point at a possible relationship between green procurement and organizational performance. These studies show both positive and negative relationship. The general objective of the study was to study the influence of green procurement practices on performance of registered automotive in Kenya. The study design used was correlational research. The target population for the study was 305 heads of departments of the registered automotive firms in Kenya and a sample of 170 was arrived at using the Fischers’ model. Questionnaires and interview guide were used for collecting primary data. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish the coefficients of regression model in determining the effect of Energy efficiency management on performance of Automobile firms. Energy efficiency management had a moderate negative correlation (-.459) giving a significant relationship with performance (.000). The study concluded that that some green procurement practices like energy efficiency management had a significant effect on performance. The study also recommends enhancement and deployment of energy efficiency management for performance improvement. For further research, studies could be carried out on other elements of green procurement like waste disposal management, supplier screening for environmental management and green logistics management.

Keywords: Energy efficiency, Green procurement and Performance.

Title: Influence of Energy Efficiency Management on Performance of Registered Automotive the Firms in Kenya

Author: Aleri Odaya Chrisostom, Dr. Simeyo Otieno

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Herding is said to be present in a market where investors opt to imitate the trading practices of those they consider to be better informed, rather than acting upon their own beliefs and private information. Increase in security return dispersion as a function of the aggregate market return explains herding behaviour in a stock market. The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of herding behaviour on stock market reaction in Kenya. The target population was 67 listed companies at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A sample of 48 listed companies was used for analysis. Secondary data extracted from his Nairobi Securities Exchange historical data of listed companies for the period 2004 to 2016 was used for analysis. The study adopted quantitative research design.  The unit root results showed that all the variable were stationary. Panel data regression was used to analyse data. Unit root tests revealed the dependent and the dependent variable were both stationary at level. Hausman tests revealed that the random effect model revealed that the random effect was more appropriate that the fixed effect model. Panel data regression analysis model was used. Random effect model (EGLS) showed that herding behaviour had a positive statistically significant effect on stock market reaction. In conclusion, the null hypothesis was rejected for herding behaviour has significant effect of on stock market reactions in Kenya.  The results revealed that herding behaviour has a positive significant effect on stock market reaction in Kenya.

Keywords: Herding, Stock Market Reaction, Behavioral Finance and Stock Market Efficiency.

Title: Effect of Herding Behavior on Stock Market Reaction in Kenya

Author: Irene Cherono, Tabitha Nasieku, Tobias Olweny

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Loss aversion behavior indicates that people are more sensitive to losses than to gains. Loss aversion behavior can causes stock prices to deviate from its fundamental value leading to stock market reaction resulting from abnormal stock returns. The objective of the study was to determine the effect that loss aversion behavior has on stock market reaction in Kenya. The target population was 67 listed companies at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A sample of 48 listed companies was used for analysis. Secondary data extracted from Nairobi Stock Exchange historical data of listed companies for the period 2004 to 2016 was used for analysis. The study adopted quantitative research design.  Unit root results showed that all the variable were stationary. Panel data regression was used to analyze data. Panel Pooled Least Squares estimation model was used in the analysis. The results indicate that loss aversion behavior has a negative significant effect on stock market reaction in Kenya.

Keywords: Loss aversion behavior, Stock Market Reaction, Behavioral Finance and Efficient Market Hypothesis.

Title: Effect of Loss Aversion Behavior on Stock Market Reaction in Kenya

Author: Irene Cherono, Tabitha Nasieku, Tobias Olweny

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The main objective of this study was to Resilience and organization performance of indigenous third party logistic businesses in the transport sector in Kenya. The third party logistics industry has been constantly changing due to global industry consolidation, technology integration, industry specialization, and industry alliance networks. Literature presents resilience for creating organizational performance. This paper was to analyze from the retailers’ perspective, how resilience of third party logistics providers could meet the customers’ needs better and create organization Performance in the third party logistics market. The empirical data was collected through Questionnaires and interview schedules. In total 181 Logistic firms were to take part in the survey, Census enquiry was used to get the sample where operations managers in the indigenous third party logistic companies were respondents who were interviewed. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive research design an exploratory factor analysis, multi- collinerity test, inferential statistical analyses and linear regression tests was carried out for each variable in the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS to generate quantitative reports through tabulations, percentages, and measures of central tendency. Validity and reliability was tested using a pilot study.

Keywords: Resilience and organization performance, Transport Sector.

Title: Resilience and Organizational Performance of Indigenous Third Party Logistic Businesses in Transport Sector in Kenya

Author: Dr. Mary Mwanzia

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Prudential regulations have often been associated with financial behavior of banks. Efforts to revive ailing and collapsing banks have always focused on tightening prudential regulations in an effort to curb financial crises in the banking sector and promote financial stability in the whole financial system. It’s evident that prudential regulations are critical issue in dealing with bank failures that has been discussed in different concepts and perspectives. The main objective of this study is to examine the influence of prudential regulations on financial performance of banks in Kenya. The influence of capital requirement regulations on financial performance of banks in Kenya was the specific objectives of this study. The population was 43 banks for the period 2012 to 2016. Descriptive research design was used since it’s suitable for description and measurement of phenomena with high level of accuracy. Survey methodology was applied to all 43 banks since this enhances validity of data obtained by addition of relevant information and cases to the study. Secondary data obtained from CBK annual reports and banks end year financial statement was used since data obtained is valid. SPSS and excel spread sheet was used to analyze data and be presented using tables because this can easily communicate the findings to readers. The study findings showed a positive correlation between prudential regulations and financial performance (R= 0.547 with ROE and ROA). It was evident from results that prudential regulations have positively contributed to financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya and there was variation on financial performance due to changes in capital requirement regulations. This study recommended that banks should adhere to prudential regulations in order to withstand shocks and increase financial performance. The study further recommends that commercial banks should adhere to prudential regulations to ensure financial stability and increased financial performance coupled with increased volume of business. The study concluded that capital regulations influenced financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya.

Keywords: Prudential regulations, financial performance.

Title: Influence of Prudential Regulations on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Author: MUSABI ANTONY BARASA, Dr MBITHI MUTUA

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: For a long time, the Catholic Church, Nakuru Diocese has been facing the challenge of not achieving intended goals of their projects due to the over runs in time and budgets in most Catholic Churches’ projects, it become necessary to examine the influence of project management practices on project outcomes at catholic churches. The study was therefore carried out to establish the influence of stakeholders’ participation on project outcomes at Catholic Churches Nakuru diocese, Nakuru County, Kenya. This study employed descriptive survey design. The target population comprised three projects, that is; rehabilitation of street children project, (Mwangaza street children rehabilitation project), Rehabilitation of commercial sex workers project (Women of destiny) and Integrated programs for the handicapped with a total of 162 staff including project management staff, project non-management staff and Church project planning and Development office staff. The research utilized stratified random sampling to select a sample size of 115 respondents. Structured Questionnaires were used to collect information from the sampled respondents. Data collected was checked for completeness and thereafter coded and entered into SPSS version 22 for analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. For descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentages were employed while for inferential analysis bivariate Pearson correlation coefficient and Multi regression analysis were used. Correlation analysis showed that the stakeholder involvement was significant and positively correlated with project outcomes at at catholic churches in Nakuru county, Kenya. The positive correlations suggest that when management of projects improved stakeholder involvement, the project outcomes improved in terms of performance indicators beneficiary satisfaction. The study therefore concludes that project stakeholder involvement has a significant influence on project outcomes and if improved, the project outcomes should improve in a positive way. The study recommends that Management of church projects should ensure they provide an opportunity for different stakeholders to participate in the project. The stakeholders need to feel that their opinions are included in the final decisions making process. Stakeholders like project beneficiaries, project staff and local leadership are very important groups whose contribution is priceless in the efforts to ensure project performs as expected and achieves the set goals.

Keywords: Stakeholder Participation, Project Outcome, Project Management Practice.

Title: Stakeholders’ Participation and Project Outcomes of Selected Projects at Catholic Churches in Nakuru County, Kenya

Author: James Kagunya, Dr. Kirui Caleb

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of transformational leadership on organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of individualized consideration on organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa, to determine the effect of idealized influence on organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital, to identify the effect of inspirational motivation on organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa and to investigate the effect of intellectual stimulation on organization performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. The research hypotheses were derived from the literature review. The theoretical background of transformational leadership was analyzed to link it to the study. The conceptual framework was illustrated to discuss the research variables of the study after which an empirical review was undertaken to identify research gaps. A Case Survey approach was adopted for the study for a target population of 500 employees. Stratified random sampling technique was applied after which Slovin formula was uses to arrive at a sample size of 212 respondents. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was then organized and coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Spearman rank correlation coefficient test was used to measure the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The study found out that there existed an average positive relationship between individualized consideration and organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. Further, supervisors helped employees to grow and develop their strengths. There existed a strong positive relationship between idealized influence and organization performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. In addition, supervisors instilled pride in employees. The study found out that there existed an average positive relationship between intellectual stimulation and organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. Similarly, supervisors sought differing perspectives when solving problems. There existed a weak positive relationship between inspirational motivation and organizational performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital in Mombasa. Further, supervisors were optimistic about the future of the organization. The study recommends that managers and supervisors should look at problems from many angles and seek differing perspectives when solving them. Further studies should be undertaken to identify the effect of other leadership styles such as transactional and charismatic on organizational performance in Kenyan public hospitals.

Keywords: Individualized Consideration, Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, Organizational Performance.

Title: The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Performance at Coast General and Referral Hospital

Author: POLYCARP ALFWANI, DR. KILUNGU MATATA, DR. ANWAR AHMED

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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