Vol 6 Issue 2 October 2018-March 2019

Abstract: The study soughtto examine the effects of working capital management on financial performance of commercial and services firms listed in the NSE. Specifically, the study seeks to evaluate the relationship between accounts payable, accounts receivable, cash management, inventory management and financial performance of commercial and services firms.  The study employed correlational research design. The study utilized secondary panel data collected using data collection sheets. The data covered a period of 7 years i.e. from 2010-2016. The target population consisted of 11 firms listed under commercial and services category in the NSE as at 31st December 2017. Panel data model was used for data processing and analysis. The collected panel data was analyzed using STATA 14. The study employed descriptive statistics to come up with mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Under quantitative analysis, Karl’s Pearson correlation, regression and Anova analysis were used. The study findings established a positive relationship between average payables period and financial performance, a negative relationship between average collection period and financial performance, negative relationship between inventory conversion period and financial performance, and a statistically significant effect of cash management denoted by cash conversion cycle on financial performance measured by ROA. The study recommended that the management of commercial and services companies to delay payment of creditors in as much as possible reduce accounts receivables period as much as possible, minimize the inventory conversion period by coming up with relevant policies and reduce cash conversion cycle period as possible.

Keywords: Deposit taking Savings and credit cooperatives, financial performance and Investment Portfolio.

Title: Effects of Working Capital Management on Financial Performance of Listed Commercial and Services Firms at Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

Author: Nicholas Murigi Ngigi, Dr. Peter Wang’ombe Kariuki

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This article aims to explain about strategic planning and improving the performance of the State civil apparatus (Civil Servants, hereinafter abbreviated as PNS, is an Indonesian citizen who fulfills certain conditions, is appointed as a permanent ASN employee by an official civil servant to occupy a government position. work (performance) is defined as an ability expression based on knowledge, attitudes, skills and motivation in producing something Work performance is defined as an achievement of certain job requirements which can ultimately be directly reflected in the output produced in both quantity and quality. The strategy was initially a tradition developed by private sector organizations facing changes in winning competition, but in the last few decades the tradition has begun to shift to the public sector. Strategic seems to have become something that must be done by all organizations including public organizations.

Keywords: Performance, Planning, Strategic, Employees, Government.

Title: STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF STATE CIVIL APARATURE (ASN)

Author: ISHAK RUNI

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Abstract: Although, the number of educated children has in the past 20 years in some countries increased, boys have proportionally fared much better than girls. In 1990, 130 million children had no access to primary school; of these 81 million were girls. Two-thirds (65 per cent) of the world’s 176 million illiterates are women. This can be attributed to such customary practices as child labour, early marriages, lack of funds and inadequate school facilities, teenage pregnancies as well as cultural and traditional practices. Bugesera district has its own share of this problem and as a result, many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are concerned and are in the district working hard to bridge the gender educational gap between the boy and the girl-child. It is in this regard that this study was designed to examine the impact of the NGOs in bridging the gender educational gap between the boy and the girl-child in the Bugesera district. The study examined the service delivery approach of the NGOs, nature of service of the NGOs, the level of coverage of the services of the NGOs, whether the services of the NGOs meet the appropriate needs of the girl-child, and finally, the areas the NGOs need to improve upon in the delivery of their services to the girl-child. This study adopted a quantitative approach of both descriptive and correlation designs. The study employed the secondary source of data in which the efforts of several studies on the history, causes and effects of discrimination, perceptions, traditions and negative cultural practices that deepened the gender educational gap. It employed the primary source of data in which questionnaires were used to make the finding scientific. Also included in this social survey which has a sample size of 270 respondents was participant observation to gather data directly from the local people in the district. The study revealed that the activities of the NGOs within the district have an impact in minimizing the gender educational gap between the boy and the girl-child. The study also revealed some of the challenges such as personnel, financial and logistical constrains that the NGOs face in the delivery of their services in the district. The study concludes that even though the NGOs normally deliver their assistance to their beneficiaries at different times within the academic year, beneficiaries still consider it useful irrespective of the time they get it but were also of the views that since individual families have different financial problems, their views should have been sought as to the time within the academic year they will wish the assistance be delivered to their wards. The issue of girls' education has been approached from various angles, and the key in moving towards a better standard of girls' education is to have a clear understanding of all the constraints that prevent girls from attending school and to tackle them individually. The researcher believe that it would be important to take a closer look at the chores that girls are laden with at the house and see how this impact their ability to access education; whether they are simply physically demanding or time consuming.

Keywords: interventions of INGOs, Sustainability of the services, NGO roles, Bugesera district.

Title: EXAMINING INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS (INGOs) ROLES IN ENHANCING GIRL’ EDUCATION IN RWANDA: A CASE STUDY OF BUGESERA DISTRICT

Author: HATARI PATRICK, Dr. PATRICK MULYUNGI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: The purpose of this study therefore was to establish the effect of portfolio diversification on financial performance of NSE listed commercial banks in Kenya. The study was anchored in the modern portfolio theory, capital asset pricing model, arbitrage pricing theory and information asymmetry theory. The study used a descriptive research design and targets commercial banks listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A census of all the 11 banks was conducted. The study used secondary data sourced from participating banks financial statements, NSE statements and CBK annual supervision reports. Descriptive methods such as frequency distribution, percentages mean, and standard deviation were used to analyze data. Regression analysis was employed to find out the relationship between variables. The Statistical Package for Statistical sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used to analyze data with the aid of a computer. Presentation of the findings will be done through tables and graphs. The study found that there was a strong positive correlation (r=0.872) between investment portfolios and financial performance of commercial banks. According to the findings, 76% of financial performance of commercial banks could be attributed to the investment portfolios. Analysis of variances showed that invest portfolios were significant (f (4,6) =4.760, p=0.045) signifying a significant relationship between investment portfolios and financial performance of commercial banks. Investment in government securities (p=0.018), investment in real estate (p=0.048) and investment in loans (p=0.039) were all significant at 95% confidence level. Beta values showed that investment in loans (β =1.085) was the most affecting followed by investment in real estate (β =0.867), investment in securities (β =0.712) and investment in stock (β =-0.169). The study concluded that portfolio diversification enhances bank performance. Investments in government securities, real estate and loans lead to increased bank performance. However investment in stocks negatively affects bank performance. The study recommended that banks should vigorously pursue portfolio diversification. The study recommended that banks should increase investments in government securities, real estate and loans. However, investments in stocks should be re-evaluated as they were found to negatively affect bank performance.

Keywords: Portfolio, Portfolio Diversification and Financial Performance.

Title: Effect of Portfolio Diversification on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks Listed At NSE, Kenya

Author: Juliet Kathoni Muthui, Dr. Matanda Wepukhulu

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Abstract: The modern business environment is turbulent and characterized by a number of highly mutating factors. Both internal and external business environment can potentially affect survival, profitability and growth of businesses. This is due to existence of risks and therefore it is important for risks to be identified and controlled in order to eliminate them or lower their severity. In Kenya, Commercial banks have been reporting shrinking profits and a few have been put under receivership. In realization of the fact, this study aimed at assessing risks facing commercial banks in Kenya. The general objective of this study was to determine the influence of financial risk management practice on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objective was to determine the influence of interest rate risk management practice on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. This study adopted a descriptive research design and a panel data analysis. The target population was all 9 commercial banks that are licensed and allowed to carry out business of banking in Kakamega County. The study was adopted census sampling method because the target population is small. This study proposes to use both primary data and secondary data from the financial statements of the banks. Primary data was collected through issuance of questionnaires. Primary data analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0 and the panel data was analyzed using STATA version 12.0. Data was presented in tables and charts. The study revealed that capital risk management had a significant influence on financial performance of commercial banks in Kakamega. The study recommended that it is important for banks to have a robust framework that effectively management financial risks because they affect financial performance of commercial banks. 

Keywords: Financial Risk management, Capital Risk, Performance, Commercial Banks.

Title: Influence of Financial Risk Management Practices on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya: A Case of Banks in Kakamega County

Author: Margaret Faith Wamalwa, Dr. Clive Mukanzi

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Abstract: The study analyzed the Profitability of Rice Production in Kuje Local Government Area of Abuja. Primary data was used for the study. Multistage sampling technique was used to obtain 50 small-scale rice farmers used in the study. The dataset was analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results from the study show that Majority (76%) of the Rice farmers were male, Majority (86%) were married. 50% of the Rice farmers in the study were educated. The mean age was calculated to be about 44 years.  The mean Household size was calculated to be about 6 persons and majority of the respondent had about 10 years of experience in rice farming. Gross margin analysis per hectare of rice production revealed that total revenue was N172,949.88, the total cost was N138, 009.58. The net farm income was calculated to be N34, 940.296. The benefit cost ratio was calculated to be 1.25 which implies for every ₦1 spent the farmer will expect a benefit of ₦1.25. Total labor cost was calculated to be 61.08% of the total costs. The linear regression result shows that coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 71.8 percent, The F-stat was 22.423 and significant at one percent. Farm experience, sex, household size and marital status were statistically significant at one percent while education was statistically significant at five percent. The study recommends that adequate capacity building through training on rice value chain should be organize and conducted for the farmers in the study area since education had positive relationship with profitability of rice production. Also, policy that will motivated and encouraged women to participate in rice production should be implemented as a possible means of complementing their income and hence ensure sustained livelihood. Also, consistent policy support by government to transform the rice farmers’ mindset from seeing rice as only a food to a cash crop through the provision of farmer education on rice cultivation systems, extension service delivery, credit facilities available and the minimization of risk associated with high level of price fluctuation especially during bumper harvests.

Keywords: Profit, Profitability Ratio, Small Scale Rice Farmers.

Title: PROFITABILITY OF RICE PRODUCTION IN KUJE AREA COUNCIL, FCT. ABUJA

Author: Professor P. O. Idisi, Dr. (Mrs.) I . J Ogwu, Okoli, O. A

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Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether Succession planning practices have influence on employee performance in Kakamega County Government. Specifically the study assessed the influence of organization culture practice on employee performance. The study was carried out in Kakamega County which is one of the 47 Counties   in the republic of Kenya. The study specifically focused on influence of succession planning practices on employee performance in all the 10 devolved departments/ ministries in Kakamega County. This study was guided by Theory of organizational excellence. The research design employed in the study was descriptive survey design carried out in the 10 devolved departments and considered a target population of 267 employees at the County Government of Kakamega. The sampling frame for this study was a list of all employees in County Government of Kakamega. Head office provided by the Human Resource Department. The sample size of this study was 160 employees. The study purposively sampled out all cadres which play key roles in the County.  Random sampling technique also used to select respondents. Questionnaires were used as research instruments.  Structured and semi structured questionnaires were used as data collection instrument. The data collected was analyzed using quantitative methods. The Pearson correlation results revealed that organizational cultural practices had significant and positive relationship with employee performance (R=0.592, P=0.000). Simple linear regression revealed that 535.0% variation in employee performance is significantly accounted for by organizational culture practices (R2=0.350). Therefore, the study concluded that organization culture is useful predicator of employee performance. The study therefore recommends that County Government should consider cultural diversity when making succession plan decisions.

Keywords: Employee Performance, Succession Planning Practices, Organizational Culture, Kakamega County.

Title: Influence of Succession Planning Practices on Employee Performance of Kakamega County Government

Author: Sakwa Pharis Ndombi, Dr. Josphat Kwasira

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Abstract: The purpose of this research is to determine the influence credit management practices on the financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County. The objective that guided the study was to determine the impact of credit appraisal on the financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County.  The study employed descriptive research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 99 SACCOs from a target of 132 SACCOs in Kakamega County. The sampling frame consisted of credit managers and credit officers of the sampled SACCOs. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Validity of the instrument was achieved using content validity while reliability through Cronbach alpha with a value of 0.900. Data was analyzed with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and presented in form of tables and models. The findings indicate that credit appraisal has significant relationship with financial performance (R=0.702, P=0.000).  Regression results revealed that up to 49.3% of the variance in financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County is significantly accounted for by credit appraisal (R2=0.493, P=0.000). Some SACCOs do not have credit evaluation committee and this affected their loan portfolio quality. The study concluded that credit appraisal practices has significant positive outcome on the financial performance of SACCOs in Kakamega County. The study recommended that that SACCOs management should constitute credit evaluation committee which is composed of competent personnel to carry out credit appraisal.  Management should put into consideration the process and procedures in regard to credit appraisal.

Keywords: Credit Appraisal, Credit Management Practices, Financial Performance, SACCOs.

Title: Influence of Credit Management Practices on Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies in Kakamega County

Author: Lavinah Vugudza Chikamai, Dr. Mbithi Mutua

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Abstract: Technology advancement has played an important role in improving service delivery standards in the Banking industry in Kenya and the entire world. E-banking, also known as internet banking, virtual banking or online banking is an electronic payment system that enables customers of a bank or other financial institution to carry out a range of financial transactions through the financial institution’s website. The objectives of this study was to assess the influence of mobile banking services on performance of commercial banks in Kakamega County; ascertain the influence of online banking on performance of commercial banks in Kakamega County. The research design adopted is explanatory design which predicts the likelihood of a phenomena occurring given the presence of an event. The sampling technique used is stratified purposive random sampling. Data was collected from primary sources. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. The instrument was be administered by the researcher on the selected respondents. Content validity, construct validity was established. Data was edited, coded and then analyzed using SPSS version 20. The findings indicated that Mobile banking R=0.616, P=0.000 has significant influence on the performance of commercial banks in Kakamega County. Mobile banking significantly accounts up to 38.0% variation in the performance of commercial banks. The study recommended that commercial bank management need to decrease electronic banking bill payment services in commercial bank so as to enable customers to undertake transaction through electronic banking. The banks should also enhance customer security and privacy to reduce fraud and cyber-crime associated with electronic banking.

Keywords: Electronic Banking, Mobile Banking, Performance, Commercial Banks.

Title: INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC BANKING ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY

Author: Lydiah Kebedi Olindo, Dr. Maniagi Musiega

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: This study investigated the impact of project abandonment on Nigerian Economy with a study of the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) Enugu. Nigeria has in recent times witnessed an unprecedented level of project abandonment which has negatively affected its economic growth and development. Gigantic projects are abandoned at both the federal and state levels due to inability of regulatory authorities to monitor and evaluate the progression of awarded project contracts. Corruption, financial irregularities, political considerations etc. were adjudged to be the main reasons why laudable projects were abandoned. The Railway transport in Nigeria, just like the Ajaokuta Steel Industry and many other government projects has been in comatose, neglected and more glaringly abandoned in spite of its potentials to contribute to the nation’s economic growth and development. The specific objectives of the study were to assess the causes of project abandonment in Nigeria, evaluate the extent to which project abandonment affects Nigerian economy and to identify ways of controlling incessant cases of project abandonment in Nigeria. The study employed the survey research design. Both primary and secondary sources of data were applied. The population comprises of staffs selected from the NRC and Ministry of Works and Transport in Enugu all totaling 160. Due to the small nature of the population, the total population of the 160 was used as sample size of the study. Data were presented in tables and since the study seeks to evaluate the cause and effect relationship between the predicator variables and the criterion variables, the researcher used Friedman’s Chi-square statistical tool (X²) in analyzing the data at 5% significant level with the aid of SPSS. Findings from the study revealed that projects are abandoned as a result of government’s non-challant attitude to projects, corruption and financial misappropriation X²_c (42.105) > X²_t (9.488); Abandonment of projects hinders economic growth and development of Nigeria through waste of scarce resources, technological backwardness, and low per capita income X²_c (50.435) > X²_t (9.488); and the best way to control incessant project abandonment is by project monitoring, evaluation and ensuring completion of old projects before awarding new ones since X²_c (76.571) > X²_t (9.488). Based on these findings, it is recommended that efforts should be made to reduce corruption, tribal political patronage and use of mediocre contractors in the railways business. Again, the colossal waste of resources is detrimental to the economic growth and development of the country, government should ensure the acceleration and completion of all ongoing projects, or at least focus on high priority ones. Finally, that the National Assembly should come up with a legislation to compel successive government to continue with programmers’ and projects initiated by their predecessors. 

Keywords: Project Management, Project Abandonment, Economic Growth and Development.

Title: APPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF PROJECT ABANDONMENT ON NIGERIAN ECONOMY: WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM THE NIGERIAN RAILWAY CORPORATION ENUGU

Author: Igwesi, Chika.G., Kalu, Agwu. U, Onyejiaku, Chinyere C., Ghasi, Nwanneka.C.

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: National Government Constituency Development Fund is a devolved fund that was established by the Kenyan government to eradicate poverty at the constituency level, share national resources and create employment opportunities at the constituencies. There is an emerging need for NG-CDF in Kenya to improve their performance .This has been demonstrated by the many complaints from stakeholders such as constituents who have complained that there is misuse of the funds that have been allocated for certain projects. The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of corporate governance principles on the performance of NG-CDF, in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County. The specific objective of the study was to assess the effect of accountability on the performance of NG-CDF in Shinyalu Constituency Kakamega County. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The survey population was drawn from the 530 education PMCS, and security PMCS within Shinyalu Constituency. The preferred data collection instrument for primary data was a questionnaire. The findings indicated that there is significant positive relationship between accountability (R=0.639, P=0.000) and performance of Shinyalu NG-CDF.  The study concluded that accountability has significant effect on the performance of NG-CDF Shinyalu Constituency. Therefore, the study recommended that there is need for strict conformity with corporate governance principles in the management of public finance. Particular attention should be directed to transparency and accountability as well as financial reporting system.

Keywords: Corporate Governance Principles, NG-CDF, Accountability, Performance, Kakamega County.

Title: Effect of Corporate Governance Principles on Performance of NG-CDF in Shinyalu Constituency, Kakamega County, Kenya

Author: Jastan Iminyi, Dr. Julius Miroga

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: Leadership has been suggested to be an important factor affecting innovation. A number of studies have shown that transformational leadership positively influences organizational innovation. However, there is lack of studies examining the contextual conditions under which this effect occurs or is augmented. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on organizational innovativeness in the mobile telecommunication firms in Kakamega County. Organizational innovativeness is how organizations develop new or improved products or services and its success in bringing those products or services to the market. Transformational leadership was hypothesized to have a positive influence on organizational innovation. Inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation and idealized influence have been found to be major influence of organizational innovativeness. The target population of study for this research comprised of the top managers, middle level managers and support staff of Safaricom, Airtel and Telkom firms within the Kakamega County. A sample size of 289 employees was used. Semi-structured questionnaires were used for collecting information from the telecommunication firms. Data was collected using questionnaires and was analyzed by use descriptive (mean, standard deviation, Frequency & percentage) and inferential (Correlation and Regression) with significance level of 0.05. The research instrument was found to be reliable 0.811>0.7. The findings revealed that inspirational motivation had significant effect on organizational innovativeness (R=0.674). Up to 45.4% of the variance in organizational innovativeness is significantly accounted for by Inspirational motivation. The research findings were found that the β1=.667, P value=.000 of inspirational motivation which means it influences organizational innovativeness positively. Transformational leadership is recommended to be embraced by other firms in the government and nongovernmental organizations for innovativeness.

Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Mobile Telecommunication Firms, Organizational Innovativeness, inspirational motivation.

Title: Influence of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Innovativeness in Mobile Telecommunication Firms in Kakamega County, Kenya

Author: Lung’atso Auka Modesta, Mr. Barack Okello

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: Public awareness is one of the cardinal requirements for public participation. Under the County Governments Act, 2011, counties are required to use effective communication tools to create awareness on devolution and governance, promote citizens understanding for purposes of peace and national cohesion, and undertake advocacy on core development issues such as agriculture, education, health, security, economics, and sustainable environment among others. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of public awareness strategies on public participation in the implementation of devolved projects in Kakamega County. The specific objective was to investigate how governance administrative structure administration influences citizens’ participation in the implementation of devolved projects in Kakamega County. The study used Descriptive method, which enabled collection of quantitative data. The study population comprised residents of Kakamega County, with a representative sample broken down into 600 participants from six sub counties. Validity of the instrument was measured using factor analysis while test-retest was used to measure reliability. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze quantitative data. The study results indicated that participants felt that there was no proper governance structures put in place to help them participate in devolved government projects. To ensure effective public participation in devolved projects, Kakamega County should set up a desk at every sub county, ward, and village offices with people who can engage the public and keep them informed of all the planned projects. Therefore, the ineffectiveness of the current public awareness strategies calls for the adoption of strategic public awareness techniques to increase public participation in devolved projects.

Keywords: Public Awareness Strategies, Public Participation, Implementation of Devolved Projects, governance administrative structure, Kakamega County.

Title: Effectiveness of Public Awareness Strategies on Public Participation in Implementation of Devolved Projects in Kakamega County

Author: Joseph Juma Sumba, Dr. Julius Miroga, Joyce Amuhaya

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Abstract: The study analysed income inequalities and welfare of farmers in Enugu state Nigeria, where the occupation of majority is farming. Specifically, the study accessed the income inequalities of the farmers; determine the factors that influence welfare among the farmers in the study area; and made recommendations based on the findings. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted for this study. First, two Local Government Areas were selected from each of the three agricultural zones. From these Local Government Areas, three communities were chosen. Finally, a random selection of twenty farmers was selected each from the three communities, bringing total of one hundred and eighty (180) farmers/respondents. Primary source of data was used for the study. This was actualized with questionnaire administered to the already selected respondents. The study employed Gini-coefficient and multiple regression in the analysis of the data collected. The Gini coefficient value was 0.67, showing that there was high income inequality in the study area. The regression result that determined the factors influencing farmer’s welfare showed that marital status, farm size, access to credit, value of access, cost of labour, farming experience and household size were major determinants of farmers’ welfare. The study recommended that government policies targeted at farmers should be strengthened, cost saving technologies should be introduced and farmer educated to adopt such measures, amongst others.

Keywords: income inequalities, farmers, Local Government Areas, Multi-stage sampling technique.

Title: INCOME INEQUALITY AND WELFARE AMONG FARMERS IN ENUGU STATE NIGERIA

Author: Prof Idisi P.O., Dr Ogwu I.J., Ogbobe .I.E

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Abstract: Most of the people perceive retirement as limitations, losses, financial fears, and worries about how to stay healthy and leave family members unburdened. However, other people perceive retirement as an opportunity to experience freedom from work pressures, responsibilities and time constraints. The study investigated the influence of knowledge of pension fund schemes on retirement planning among primary school teachers in Burundi. The study was cross-sectional in design covering a sample of 107 respondents out of a target population of 1610 teachers. Interviews, questionnaire and documentary review were used in data collection. The study used a mix of data analysis techniques as informed by the nature of the data collected; quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS while qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis based on themes as guided by the research objectives. According to the study findings, the overall knowledge of pension schemes scored a mean of 4.1184 and S.D. of .61473; implying that the majority of primary teachers in Burundi do not have enough knowledge of pension schemes. Results indicate that knowledge of the pension schemes has a positive and significant correlation with retirement planning [r₍₁₀₇₎ =.273, ρ=.004]. Further analysis showed that demographic variables such as age (β=.11, t= 2.05, p < .05), educational level (β=.06, p < .05), income level (β=.15, t= 2.46, p < .05) and financial literacy (β=.09, t= 2.32, ρ< .05) had significant influence on the relationship between knowledge of the pension schemes and retirement planning. The study concludes that knowledge on various pension schemes are key to retirement planning among teachers in Burundi; when teachers are aware and more informed about various pension schemes, they are able to decide and plan for best retirement options. Therefore, for workers to better plan for retirement they should possess adequate knowledge of their pension schemes. It is therefore essential for employers to organize workshops or seminars to educate their employees on their pension schemes, identify the prospects and challenges associated with the schemes early enough to assist workers to make informed decisions about their retirement.

Keywords: Knowledge of pension schemes, demographic factors, retirement planning, primary school teachers.

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE OF PENSION FUND SCHEMES ON RETIREMENT PLANNING AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BUJUMBURA, BURUNDI

Author: Ninette Uwizeye, Dr. Hosea Mpogole

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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