Vol 7 Issue 2 October 2019-March 2020

Abstract: To ensure the need and sustainability of the delivery system, risk management is an important aspect of management in ensuring the continuity of public sector services, particularly the public safety and security sector. For National Public Sector, the Risk Management Master Plan, the policy that is the main reference is the General Circular Letter No. 6 Year 2005: Public Sector Information Security Risk Assessment Guidelines ^[1], YAB Prime Minister's Order No.1 of 2009: The Integrity Management System of the Malaysian Government's Management System ^[2] and the Malaysian Public Sector Management of Information & Communications Technology Security Handbook (MyMIS)^[3]. Therefore, the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) formulated and designed the RMP Risk Management Plan (RMPRMP) in line with the department's strategic direction to ensure an efficient, transparent and friendly delivery system. The aim of this paper is to review the risk management in RMP and subsequently making RMP continuously relevance in the digital era. Disruptive forces such as IR4.0 and new business models can pave the way for explosive growth or take down reputable giants. Having a strategy in place to identify, address and harnessing on these emerging and disruptive forces, analyze and prioritize their importance, understand their long-term implications, highlight and plan for action with enterprise risks management is imperative for RMP to thrive in the digital era. This paper will discuss on the business model options of the RMP-of-the-Future by utilizing the business model canvas (BMC) framework, together with its associate new risks and challenges. This BMC may facilitate and help RMP-of-the-Future in identifying the key assets, thus as an enabler for the formulation of an effective enterprise risk management system.

Keywords: Royal Malaysian Police Risk Management Plan (RMPRMP), Strategic Core, Risk Management Framework MS ISO 31000: 2010, IR4.0, Integrated Risk Management, Business Model Canvas.

Title: INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE ERA OF IR4.0: LEVERAGING ON BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS FOR THE “ROYAL MALAYSIAN POLICE OF THE FUTURE”

Author: Noor Azreen Hasni, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The impact of uncontrollable peaceful assembly in a nation may impact on the economic growth, nation’s reputation, as well as public order. A peaceful assembly is an assembly that has been approved by the authorities for individuals or group of people from Non-Government Bodies (NGO) or Political Party to demonstrate their perspective and emotions with respect to any issues. These assemblies are aimed at curbing activities of street protests that bring more damage or vandalism to property and sometimes endanger the safety and lives of the people surround. In conjunction with this matter, any nation including Malaysia ought to dependably be prepared for the national business continuity plan. In Malaysia, this peaceful assembly is a string of street protest BERSIH activities from year 2007 until 2016 that have brought many losses to the country's economy in terms of tourism sector, foreign investment and national security. Thus, this paper will outline and identify the risk mitigation to overcome or control any kind of the uncontrollable peaceful assembly event particularly in Malaysia.

Keywords: Peaceful Assembly, Act, Constitution, Business Continuity Plan, Risk Assessment, Risk Mitigation.

Title: A BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN: RISK ASSESMENT AND STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE RISK OF PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY IN MALAYSIA

Author: Noor Azreen Hasni, Jamaludin Ibrahim

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The Goverment of Denpasar City applies the “Sewakadarma Work Culture” as a basis in implementing change in the Bureaucracy Reform. The Goverment of Denpasar City realizes that successful policy implementation cannot be formed without adequate of State Civil Servant (ASN) attitudes and behavior. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of emotional intelligence moderation on the influence of interpersonal conflict and organizational injustice on Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB). This research uses quantitative data that are analyzed using an associative causality approach. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, with a total sample of 214 respondents from 461 populations. Data collection techniques in the form of distributing questionnaires to ASN employees from 10 sections in the Denpasar City Regional Secretariat, namely structural positions to functional positions with the status of civil servants (PNS) and Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK). The data analysis tool used is Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Path Least Square (PLS) version 3.0. The results of this study indicate that interpersonal conflict and organizational injustice have a significant positive effect on counterproductive work behavior. This study also found that emotional intelligence weakens the effect of interpersonal conflict and organizational injustice on counterproductive work behavior. The practical implication of this research is that this research can be used as a model that emotional intelligence can reduce the counterproductive work behavior of the State Civil Apparatus caused by interpersonal conflict and organizational injustice in the Regional Secretariat of Denpasar. Theoretical implications in this study are the results of this study can support the Integrative Theory of Counterproductive Work Behavior which explains that emotional intelligence can determine a person's involvement in counterproductive work behavior, when facing situational variables such as interpersonal conflict and organizational injustice.

Keywords: interpersonal conflict, organizational injustice, emotional intelligence, and counterproductive work behavior.

Title: THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN MODERATING THE EFFECT OF INTERPERSONAL CONFLICTS AND ORGANIZATIONAL INSTITUTIONS TOWARDS COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR (Study at the Denpasar City Regional Secretariat)

Author: Gusti Agung Ratih Hendrayani, I Gusti Ayu Manuati Dewi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Economic growth that occurs in each region varies. One area sometimes experiences slow economic growth and sometimes experiences rapid growth. Government spending, both Direct and Indirect Expenditures and it’s employee is very influential on the level of output in the economy. This study was conducted to determine the effect of local government spending and labor on economic growth in the Bali Provision for 2012 - 2016 This research is a quantitative study with secondary data obtained from BPS. Analysis of the data used is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the direct expenditure variable has a positive and significant effect on economic growth by 32.6%. The indirect expenditure variable has a positive and significant effect on economic growth of 23.1%. Labor variable has a positive and significant effect on economic growth of 14.8%. Simultaneously the variables of direct expenditure, indirect expenditure and labor have a significant effect on the economic growth of Bali Province by 47.6%.

Keywords: Direct Spending, Indirect Spending, labor, and Economic Growth.

Title: ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND LABOR ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PROVINCE OF BALI

Author: Ni Nyoman Noti Artini, Nyoman Djinar Setiawina

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Socially responsible investing follows standards to only invest in businesses that abide by good social values and work towards promoting positive outcomes for many social problems. Such goals can include promoting women and education, engaging in social justice and protection of environment. SRI will avoid allocating funds to companies that are seen as causing harm to the social wellbeing of humankind. As corporate social responsibility has been debated and practiced in one form or another for more than 4000 years. For example, the ancient Vedic and Sutra texts of Hinduism and the Jatakas of Buddhism include ethical admonitions on usury (the charging of excessive interest) and Islam has long advocated Zakat, or a wealth tax. The modern concept of CSR can be more clearly traced to the mid-to-late 1800s, with industrialists like John H. Patterson of National Cash Register seeding the industrial welfare movement and philanthropists like John D. Rockerfeller setting a charitable precedent that we see echoed more than a hundred years later with the likes of Bill Gates. Despite these early variations, CSR only entered the popular lexicon in the 1950s with R. Bowen’s landmark book, Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. The concept was challenged and strengthened in the 1960s with the birth of the environmental movement, following Rachel Carson’s critique of the chemicals industry in Silent Spring, and the consumer movement off the back of Ralph Nader’s social activism, most famously over General Motors safety record. The 1970s saw the first widely accepted definition of CSR emerge – Archie Carroll’s 4-part concept of economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities, later depicted as a CSR pyramid- as well as the first CSR code, the Sullivan Principles. The 1980s brought the application of quality management to occupational health and safety and the introduction of CSR codes like Responsible Care. In the 1990s, CSR was institutionalised with standards like ISO 14001 and SA 8000, guidelines like GRI and corporate governance codes like Cadbury and King. The 21st century has been mostly more of the same, spawning a plethora of CSR guidelines, codes and standards (there are more than 100 listed in The A to Z of Corporate Social Responsibility), with industry sector and climate change variations on the theme. Therefore this research paper has perspicuously discussed the functioning of CSR and acclimates in different business environment.

Keywords:  Corporate social responsibility, socially responsible investing.

Title: THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT AS AN OFFSHOOT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Author: ARSHDEEP KAUR

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Audit report lag is the time span of completion of an audit conducted by the auditor which is calculated from the close of the company's books to the date stated on the independent auditor's report. This study aims to examine the reputation of public accounting firm as a moderating effect of auditor switching and auditor industry specialization on audit report lag. Mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018 were chosen as the location or scope of the study, using 35 companies as samples determined through the purposive sampling method. The research data is secondary data and obtained by non-participant observation methods. The data analysis technique used is the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) test. The results showed that auditor industry specialization had a negative effect on audit report lag while auditor switching had no effect on audit report lag. Reputation of public accounting firm is able to strengthen the influence of auditor industry specialization so that audit report lag becomes shorter. Reputation of public accounting firm is not able to moderate the effect of auditor switching on audit report lag.

Keywords: audit report lag, auditor switching, auditor industry specialization, reputation of public accounting firm.

Title: Reputation of public accounting firm as a moderating effect of Auditor Switching and Auditor Industry Specialization on Audit Report Lag

Author: N.L.Ketut Sugi Lestari, I D.G. Dharma Suputra, I Made Mertha, Ketut Muliartha RM

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The risk of unexpected and harmful events haunted every business that will cost the company money or ultimately brings it to permanently close. Risk management allows organizations to get ready for the unforeseen events by minimizing and avoiding the risks before they happen. The implementation of a successful risk management plan will ensure an organization is saved from catastrophic consequences, thus protecting the company’s future. The aim of this paper is to review the risk management in a particular property developing company in Malaysia and subsequently making this type of company relevance in the digital era. Disruptive forces such as IR4.0 and new business models can pave the way for explosive growth or take down reputable giants. Having a strategy in place to identify, address and harnessing on these emerging and disruptive forces, analyze and prioritize their importance, understand their long-term implications, highlight and plan for action with enterprise risks management is imperative for thriving in the digital era. For the purpose of this paper, the name of the company will not be disclosed. This paper will discuss on the business model options of the Property-Development-of-the-Future (PDotF) by using the business model canvas (BMC) framework, together with its new risks and challenges. This business model may facilitate and help PDotF in identifying the key assets, thus as an enabler the formulation of an effective enterprise risk management system.

Keywords: Business Model Canvas, Risk Identification, Risk Analysis, Risk Evaluation Property Developer, Enterprise Risk Management, Integrated Risk Management, Standards, Malaysia.

Title: INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA: LEVERAGING ON BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS FOR A PROPERTY DEVELOPING COMPANY

Author: Muhammmad Khair Bin Mahmood Dean, Abdul Rahman Bin Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Banking, from the perspective of industry 4.0, calls for a greater level of digitalization. Just like autonomous cars promise to be the norm one day, “the bank of the future” will be mostly digital. However, this will bring with it many challenges. Cyber-threats have been targeting the financial sector worldwide. Downtime can cause widespread disruption and massive damage to an organization's bottom line and reputation. As organizations realize the size of potential exposure to uncontrol risk, insuring business continuity is becoming a vital task within all industrial especially financial sectors. This article will discuss on the threat and importance of business continuity plan in the banking institution, the response and recovery plan as well as the recommendation in maintaining the business continuity in financial institution in Malaysia.

Keywords: Business Continuity, System Disruption, Banking Sector, IR 4.0, Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD).

Title: Business Continuity Management in Information Technology and Systems for Banking Institution in Malaysia

Author: Nur Fadhilah Umar, Jamaludin Ibrahim

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The concept of training has been connected to many outcomes in research like performance, less wastage and less need for supervision. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of employee training on organizational commitment among public universities in the coast region. The specific objectives were to establish how access to training and social support for training affects organizational commitment. Descriptive research design was used for the study. The population consisted of non-academic staff of the three local universities in the coast region of Kenya. Stratified random sampling and purposive sampling was used to arrive at the sample from the population. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Regression analysis was computed to establish the overall effect of employee training on organizational commitment and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the research hypothesis. Data was presented descriptively using tables, charts and graphs. The findings of the research indicated that all the dependent variables except support for learning had a significant positive relationship with the dependent variable. Regression analysis showed that the independent variables had a significant effect on changes in the dependent variable. The study therefore concluded that employee training determined organizational commitment among public universities in the coast region of Kenya.

Keywords: employee training, organizational commitment. non-academic staff, public universities.

Title: EFFECTS OF EMPLOYEE TRAINING ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN COAST REGION

Author: Joan Cherotich, Kilungu Matata, Mary Ibua

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The importance of Business Continuity Management either in private or government sector is the vital indicator of their successful business survivability and service operation continuity, so much so that a few industries and sectors in Malaysia had recognized the need of establishing the Business Continuity Management as compulsory requirement for the business to be considered sustainable and survivable. The aim of this paper is to review the effects of law in Malaysia in guiding the Business Continuity Management practice. The result should assist in the approach of Business Management practice that complies with the legal requirements, regulations and standards that exists in Malaysia.

Keywords: Business Continuity Management; Laws; Legal Provisions; Standards; Regulatory; Malaysia.

Title: THE EFFECTS OF LAW IN MALAYSIA IN GUIDING BUSINESS CONTINUITY MANAGEMENT

Author: Muhammad Khair Bin Mahmood Dean, Jamaludin Bin Ibrahim

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The success of the government can be seen through financial performance. Local own revenues, balance funds, capital expenditure and audit findings will show how the local government's financial performance. This study aims to determine the effect of regional own-source revenue (PAD), balance funds, capital expenditure and audit findings on the financial performance of local governments. The sample used in this study was 8 districts and 1 city for five years 2014-2018 in the Province of Bali with saturated sampling method. Data collection is done by non-participant observation methods. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Based on the results of testing the region's original income and capital expenditure has a significant negative effect, the audit findings have a significant negative effect and the balance fund has no positive significant effect on the financial performance of the provincial government of Bali

Keywords: Local revenues, balance funds, capital expenditure, audit findings, financial performance.

Title: The Effects of PAD, Balance Funds, Capital Expenditures, and Audit Findings on the Financial Performance of the Provincial Government of Bali

Author: Ni Made Cintya Devi Ari Adi, Ketut Alit Suardana

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The world is moving at a fast pace with the digital economy. A fourth industrial revolution has emerged, known as Industry Revolution 4.0. Just like autonomous cars promise to be the norm one day, the bank of the future will be mostly digital. However, together with the opportunity, this will also bring with it many new challenges such as cyber-threats. Cyber-threats have been targeting the financial sector worldwide. Downtime can cause widespread disruption and massive damage to an organization's services, bottom line and reputation. Banks are also exposed to market risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk. For any bank, the measurement and management of risk is of the utmost importance. This article will discuss on the business model of the Bank-of-the-Future (BotF), the risk and challenges, as well as the enterprise risk management by using business model canvas (BMC) framework to develop BotF business model options.

Keywords: Bank of the future, Digitalization, Technology, Banking Sector, Enterprise Risk Management, IR4.0, Business Model, Business Model Canvas.

Title: Enterprise Risk Management in The IR4.0 Era: Designing Business Model Options for Bank-of-the-Future

Author: Nur Fadhilah Binti Umar, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of firm characteristics on the completeness of the disclosure of annual reports of manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2015-2017. Firm characteristics used include liquidity, leverage, profitability, public public sharehildingas an independent variable and the completeness of annual report disclosure as the dependent variable. The population in this study were all manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2015-2017. The samples used in this study were 30 manufacturing firms in the three years that were selected using purposive sampling and that met the sample selection criteria. using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variable liquidity does not significantly influence the completeness of the firm's annual report disclosure while the variable leverage, profitability and public public sharehildinghave a significant influence on the completeness of the annual firm disclosure report.

Keywords: Completeness of Report Financial Disclosure, Liquidity, Leverage, Profitability and Public Shareholding.

Title: The Effect of Firm Characteristics of the Completion on Annual Reports of Manufacturing Firm Listed In the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Author: I Gusti Ngurah Agung Yudisth Surya Dananjaya, I Dewa Nyoman Wiratmaja

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The flood disaster is the most frequently reported disaster in Malaysia. It is also the most frequent and the highest percentage of natural disasters that occur around the world because of the climates change. Flood preparedness, flood mitigation, Emergency Response Plan (ERP) and flood recovery are the phases in the flood disaster management cycle that helped the federal government and states government to overcome the flood disaster. Flood disaster management is actually a systematic process and guidelines to the government to mitigate the impacts of the flood disaster, to response the disaster and to recover after the disaster impact. It also becomes a preparation to the nation and community to face the impact of flood disaster toward our economic, social and physical livelihood. Flood disaster mitigation is really important as it is possible to prepare or at least mitigate damage that is brought upon by flood disaster. The aims of this paper review are to explore the existing knowledge on flood mitigation and to identify methods of flood management currently applied. The paper review is based on secondary data to give comparison and recommendation in achieving the objective.

Keywords: Flood preparedness; flood mitigation; Emergency Response Plan (ERP); flood recovery; flood management.

Title: FLOOD DISASTER MITIGATION IN MALAYSIA

Author: Wan Abdullah Wan Abd Samad, Jamaludin Ibrahim

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The risk management becomes an important element in the organizations especially corporate organisation and it becomes a requirement to an organization if they want to expand their business to global. The risk management is important to the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) to show its readiness in facing up various risk. The RMAF responsibility is to safeguarding and protecting the dignity and sovereignty of Malaysian Airspace. In order to maintain airspace security, RMAF needs to identify the potential risk that can affect national security. The current risk management is good however, it still has a room for some improvement. The risk management is very important to help the RMAF to do preparation and mitigation according to the risks that have been identified. Every country has its own quality standard but mostly they are referring to the ISO concept. The aims of this study are to explore the knowledge on the risk management, to comparative study and to formulate a business model for The Future RMAF using Business Model Canvas (BMC) framework to assist identifying the strategic assets of the future RMAF. Thus, building a more effective and relevant Risk Management System. This review paper is based on secondary data in order to do the comparison and get the ideas to enhance RMAF Risk Management.

Keywords: Integrated risk management; industrial revolution 4.0; risk management; risk evaluation; risk mitigation; risk control; Business model; Business Model Canvas.

Title: An Integrated Risk Management using Business Model Canvas: Designing Business Model Options for The Royal Malaysian Air Force in The Digital Era

Author: Wan Abdullah bin Wan Abd Samad, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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