Vol 8 Issue 2 October 2020-March 2021

Abstract: Performance measurement is important to determine the extent to which the effectiveness of implementing a strategy within a certain period of time so that it can be used as a basis for the company to make improvements and determine the steps to be taken at the next stage. Traditional performance measurement that focuses on financial performance is unable to describe the overall performance. Company management requires an integrated performance measurement system capable of measuring performance in a balanced manner both from a financial and non-financial perspective, namely the balanced scorecard. This study aims to determine and analyze the performance of the Pasar Srinadi Cooperative as measured by using the four balanced scorecard perspectives. The research was conducted at the Srinadi Market Cooperative, located in Klungkung Regency. The research sample consisted of 99 customers and 74 employees with the simple random sampling method. Data collection is done by documenting and distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique uses four balanced scorecard perspectives. The results of the analysis show that the performance of the Pasar Srinadi Cooperative after being measured using the four balanced scorecard perspectives is in the moderate category with an average score of 0.3.

Keywords: Performance, balanced scorecard.

Title: Performance Analysis based on Balanced Scorecard at the Srinadi Klungkung Market Cooperative

Author: Putu Adhisty Prajna Putri, I Ketut Yadyana, I Dewa Nyoman Badera, Ketut Alit Suardana

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: Return and risk are two important characteristics of every investment. Investment in the equity is very volatile and investors feel it is a very risky market. The fast moving consumer goods stocks are considered as the safe best because they hardly get influenced by the market movement. But, there are instances fast moving consumer goods stock price also has fallen down even though their financial performance is satisfactory. The present study is an attempt to find out the best buy opportunity in FMCG stocks in Indian stock market. The study aims to identify the most promising FMCG stocks available for long-term investors, an comparative analysis of the selected FMCG stocks and to find the relation between FMCG stock price and FMCG index. The study adopted technical analysis to derive the conclusions. The study mainly depends on secondary data collected from the data base of National stock exchange for the period of 5 years starting from September 2015 to August 2020 (monthly basis). The scope of the study has been limited to the select of 5 FMCG stocks - Britannia, Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) and Indian Tobacco Company (ITC), Nestle India and Marico. The study uses descriptive and exploratory research method. The data collected was analysed with the help of return, beta, alpha, standard deviation and variance and CAPM model. The study found that the Nestle India and Britannia stocks have performed well compared to Marico and HUL whereas ITC performing negatively during the study period. It is suggestable for the investors to invest more in the stocks of Nestle India, HUL Ltd, Britannia and Marico as the stocks of these companies are under-priced which is an indication of profitability of stocks.

Keywords: CAPM, FMCG Index, HUL, ITC, Marico, Britannia, Nestle India.

Title: A Comparative Analysis of Selective FMCG Companies in Indian Stock Market Using CAPM

Author: Kunj Balar, Juli Senjaliya, Yash Kothari

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: This study finds the perception of people regarding impact of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) on social development in Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). For the said purpose ICT was measured through mobile, internet, CTV, newspaper, radio. The independent sample t-test and ANOVA used to examine the perception of ICT on social development. Results show that mobile phone, internet, CTV and newspapers are statistically significant factors having impact on social development. While radio has no significant relation with social development. People also perceived that mobile, internet and CTV have negative impact on our society.

Keywords: Information & Communication Technology, Social development.

Title: The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Social Development: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Author: Qaiser Aman, Dr. Sultan Altass

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: The globalization process, the complexity of government transactions and the increase in fraudulent activities have recently prompted scholars and experts, and authorities to divert their attention to internal control systems and adoption of technology in the public sector. Public financial management professionals are focused on having improvements in the management and budgeting, in line with changes in financial reporting. However, despite the internal control systems put in place, the public sector of Kenya has been characterized by misuse of resources and funds and poor service delivery. There has been in issues public financial management among various government institutions which cut across ministries and state corporations which has brought about poor performances, corporate failures, depletion of wealth, corruption and fraud. Studies on internal controls systems are characterized by various research gaps. The study sought to carry pout a critical review of literature on internal control systems and public financial management among Government Ministries in Kenya.

Keywords: Internal Control Systems, Public Financial Management, Information and Communication, Control Environment, Risk Assessment and Control Activities.

Title: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERTURE ON INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AMONG GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES IN KENYA

Author: David Gerishom Otiato, Ambrose Jagongo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: Firms around the world cannot survive without creating alliances that bring together vital skills, resources and capabilities, that otherwise will be time and cost consuming to obtain. The current paper reviews literature on how industry structure influences the relationship between strategic alliances and performance aspect. The study is anchored on Dynamic Capabilities Theory, The Institutional Theory and the Resource Dependence Theory. Structure poses a challenge to implementation of strategic alliance because it involves restructuring of firm and work processes. Structure of alliances reflects the vision and intentions of the partners. Choosing the appropriate structure from joint ventures, equity bilateral, equity unilateral or contracts structure involves creating a fit between the structure and alliance strategy.  The review of literature shows that strategic alliance challenges affects firm performance. Despite the popularity of strategic alliances in business, a considerable proportion of strategic alliances face many challenges and are unstable or performed unsatisfactorily. Further, the rates of instability and unsatisfactory performance are relatively higher in developing countries than in developed countries. The paper concludes that the underlying structure of an industry is reflected by the strength of his Five Forces model which describes the firm as facing buyers, suppliers, substitute products, potential entrants and rivalry from established players. The strength of each if the five competitive forces is a function of industry structure. The results of this study are important in influencing the government policy. This is especially because of the intervening effect of industry environment. The government should put measures to ensure that firms have favorable business environment. The Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprises Development in liaison with other ministries should ensure that there is appropriate legal framework that enhances the business environment. This is important because the government formulates and implement appropriate policies based on empirical data, the firms in strategic alliances will have more conducive environment to be competitive locally and globally.

Keywords: Strategic alliances, Industry structure, performance.

Title: STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF INDUSTRY STRUCTURE: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Author: Dr. Nyaberi, Justry P. Lumumba

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: There has been growing concern amongst strategic management researchers and practitioners alike to attempt to understand why some firms achieve higher levels of performance than others albeit operating in the same or similar business environments. With the emergence of knowledge-based economy, knowledge is considered as the essential way to create wealth and prosperity and it is the important driving force for business success. The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between knowledge management and performance of media firms in Kenya. The hypotheses was developed and tested based on study objective. The research was anchored on Knowledge-Based View theory. A review of extant literature was carried out where hypothesis was derived from the literature. The study applied positivism philosophy and descriptive research design. Systematic sampling method was applied. The population of the study was all licensed media firms in Kenya. The study sample comprised all the licensed media firms in Kenya. There are 90 licensed television stations, 184 radio stations and 76 print media firms. Primary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the study showed that knowledge management significantly influences firm performance. The findings in the study concur with theoretical argument from dynamic capabilities theory which presented knowledge management as a fundamental strategic initiative that guarantees firms competitive edge and performance. The study will enable stakeholders and owners of the media firms to develop policies that facilitate knowledge management process in their firms and having processes for applying knowledge learned from experience.

Keywords: Knowledge Management, Firm Performance, Media Firms.

Title: KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF MEDIA FIRMS: THE KENYAN PERSPECTIVE

Author: Nyaberi, Justry P. Lumumba

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Abstract: This study aims to explore the impact of HRIS of human resource information systems on the decisions of top management in a company. Many researches have studied the HRIS and organizational Behavior and how to prepare and issue senior management decisions in companies in the past decade, some researchers have concluded that there is a positive relationship between HRIS and organizational Behavior (i.e. Ngai and Wat, 2006; Targowski and Deshpande, 2001); While others have argued that HRIS causes a number of ineffective outcomes for organizations and individuals (eg Stone, Stone-Romero, Lukaszewski, 2003).

However; Almost all previous studies visualize HRIS as a single variable without measuring the HRIS sub-applications (recruitment applications, selection applications, Behavior management applications, payroll and compensation applications, training applications, development applications, administrative applications, and employee self-service applications). This study contributes to the literature by visualizing and measuring individual applications of the human resource information system, analyzing their impact on organizational Behavior and making important decisions by top management in an organization.

The results of the analysis provide the following recommendations to ensure the impact of the human resource information system on the methods of decision-making by senior management in the organization and its organizational Behavior: Implementing an HRIS requires participation and commitment from all areas of the company; Starting with the executive management of the company - the sponsors of the project.

The executive management of the organizations should appoint a steering committee; This group should contain members who can ensure that their line managers have the directives and responsibilities needed to operate an HRIS. Ensure that managers understand the impact of the human resource information system on organizational Behavior and how this system helps top management make the most important decisions.

It is highly recommended to hire a project manager or project management team, in addition to ensuring that the project is staffed with the right personnel.

Managers need to review and possibly redefine the roles before, during and after HRIS implementation. New job descriptions may need to be prepared and managers must keep employees informed of any additional changes and responsibilities.

Technical and non-technical training must be identified and implemented; Training going beyond screen printing and mouse click sequences needs an explanation of how the new process fits into the organization, its relationship to other processes, and the implementation steps in the process.

Formalization of functional support teams is essential to the steady operation of the HRIS. A formal, on-site team of HR and IT analysts would be more effective.

Keywords: HRIS, organizational Behavior, companies.

Title: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON TOP MANAGEMENT DECISIONS, EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATIONS

Author: MOHAMAD AKRAM RADWAN ALSAMMAN, Asst. Prof. Dr. Mazen Mohammed Farea

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: This study highlights the importance of modern online English training for students and trainee. It aimed to keep up with the global variables circumstances that changes fast and support training. It also rise up the type of trainee who might prefer the modern online training and what benefit will they get in their future career life. This great transformation of modern English training moves the educational methods to a very different new level. That level show us also the importance of English training for new graduates in their practical life to get their dream job, and how much benefit they can get of having trainers and experts from all over the world to their place no matter where they are. Facing the fact that the only way to improve any social community globally is by how their students being well prepared before they are employed. Moreover, as the fact that Education and training are an ongoing process, it can be apply through distanced teaching methods especially during the variables circumstances. Meanwhile, online teaching and training reveals many advantages and disadvantages in comparing with ordinary education and this leads to make a comparison between them. A final established questionnaire for the social targeted segment to analyze and improve the needs. It consist of 10 questions supports the educational methods and techniques for basic students, to determine their needs and whether the programs are meeting the after graduation requirements.

The conclusion of this study is to focus on the role of e learning, what is the beneficiary effect on the tertiary institution sectors and students, and how the new modern educational wave does had affected the students in a positive way.

Keywords: Training Graduates, Employment Market, Online training, e-learn.

Title: The Significance and Methods of Online Training for Tertiary Institution Students Graduates based on the Market Needs and Global Variables Circumstances

Author: Rodaina Faisal Al-Zamel

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Abstract: This study examines the direct empirical relationship between transformational leadership and economic development among 377 managers in private and public sectors in the Eastern Area. Moreover, the research identifies the significance of financial control as a plausible mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership and economic development.  In this study, financial control and transformational leadership, are posited as influencing economic development in the Eastern Area.  For data analysis and hypothesis testing, Structural Equation Modelling, and several statistical methods such as the maximum likelihood estimate and regression technique were utilized to understand the dimensionality of the variables. This study adopted a systematic random sampling to select managers who work in private and public sectors to conduct the study by using a quantitative method. The managers were selected to answer these questions because of their knowledge and experience which involves in this area. The results show that that transformational leadership (Idealized Influence) positively influenced economic development, while (motivation) was found to have a negative effect on economic development. Also, they show that (Idealized Influence and motivation) positively influenced financial control.  Moreover, financial control was found to be a significant mediating factor in the relationship between transformational leadership and economic development in the private and public sectors of the Eastern Area. Transformational leadership was were found to be negative mediating factors in the relationship between financial control and economic development in the private and public sectors of the Eastern Area. This study also contributes to the body of knowledge in regards to providing tools and concepts for educating current and future managers about effective methods to improve their perspective probability or chances of achieving economic development.  Based on the study’s findings, transformational leadership and financial control significantly affect economic development, and it is recommended that organizations provide the necessary training to their leaders and managers, and recruiter managers who have skills leadership and management that will contribute to effective leadership, extra effort, satisfaction and achieve economic development, which can lead organizations to acquire and maintaining consistently high economic performances and successfully.

Keywords: Impacts; Financial Control; Transformational Leadership; Economic Development; Saudi Arabia.

Title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH FINANCIAL CONTROL IN SAUDI ARABIA

Author: Fahad Bin Saad Alharbi, Mazen Mohammed Farea, Humam Bin Mohamed

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: Changes in the technological era have an impact on changing the mindset of students in determining their work. Students have the choice to determine their job by working with other people or working independently (entrepreneurship). Entrepreneurs are people who are able to see opportunities and then create an organization to take advantage of these opportunities. There are many factors that support students in making decisions about entrepreneurship, namely self-efficacy, e-commerce and entrepreneurship education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy, e-commerce and entrepreneurship education in making entrepreneurial decisions.

This research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University. The data collection method is a survey method with a questionnaire technique. The population in this study were students majoring in accounting, class 2017, Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University who have the status of active students. The data used in this study are primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires directly using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis.

The results of the analysis show that self-efficacy, e-commerce and entrepreneurship education have a positive effect on decision-making for entrepreneurship. This study supports contingency theory which has been able to explain models of self-efficacy, e-commerce and entrepreneurship education in influencing decision making for entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Self Efficacy, E-commerce, Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurship.

Title: The Influence of Self Efficacy, E-Commerce and Entrepreneurial Education in Decision Making for Entrepreneurs (Case Study of Accounting Major Students Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University)

Author: Made Kumara Dewi, Ni Luh Sari Widhiyani

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Abstract: People are becoming more conscious about over all wellness. Caring about the state of health body and mind. With this, Nurture Wellness Village is an establishment that specializes in this area. It is a hotel, resort and spa that can be found in Tagaytay. It boasts a Filipino spa and pampering that provides local and foreign way of massaging, venue for all occasions, alternative medicines for chronic disease, wide span of landscape where friends and family can pay and bond, pools, bonfire places, a delightful restaurant and various hotel accommodation fit for a traveller’s budget and taste.

This study is about determining the push and pull factors of visiting the establishment as to create a management plan. The information gathered by the researcher is obtained via the website of Tripadvisor. Tripadvisor was chosen as it has been used for other studies and the most prominent site in the sector of travel. The data used in the study is from 2018-2019 and the respondents were gathered through random sampling as we rely on the site and is limited to the information given to the public. The visitors of the establishment were satisfied with the resort and found it over-all relaxing. In contrast with this, there were still challenges in each sector. The output was in line with the researcher’s objective as to pave way for improvement and enhance customer experience.

Keywords: Nurture Wellness Village, delightful restaurant, hotel, resort, customer experience.

Title: TOURISM EXPERIENCE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NURTURE WELLNESS VILLAGE

Author: Embradura, Kris Joan M., Ms. Irene Gueco

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Abstract: Partnership collaboration is the joint activity by two or more parties working together with an aim of improving organizational performance, and also increases public value. In the private sector and non-profit sector, the need for inter-organization collaboration has increased significantly as a result of the growing complexity of social and economic problems. Growing significance of inter organizational collaboration in operations of enterprises and institutions mostly results from uncertainty of the environment, quest for competitive or cooperative advantage, and from the fact that today they are unlikely to act on their own. This study sought to examine the factors influencing the performance of strategic partnerships projects at World Vision in Kenya. Specifically, the study looked at project monitoring and evaluation, stakeholders’ management, organization characteristics, and project funding and how they influence performance of Strategic partnership projects at World Vision Kenya. The target population comprised of 80 employees at World Vision Kenya and five (5) representing project partners, where census method was adapted. The study employed a descriptive research design. Data for this study was collected from the head offices of the organization by use of a questionnaire and interview for the partnership representative. The data was analyzed using a multiple regression model in order to test the effect of the independent variables factors affecting performance and the dependent variable performance of projects. To aid in analysis the researcher employed the use of SPSS version 22. The study found that project monitoring and evaluation, stakeholders’ management, organization characteristics, and project funding significantly influence performance of Strategic partnership projects at World Vision Kenya. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were in agreement. The study also found significant positive correlation between project monitoring and evaluation, stakeholders’ management, organization characteristics, and project funding and performance of Strategic partnership projects at World Vision Kenya. Finally, project monitoring and evaluation, stakeholders’ management, organization characteristics, and project funding explained 66.7% influence performance of Strategic partnership projects at World Vision Kenya. The study further recommends a similar study to be done to affirm or critique the findings from this study.

Keywords: Strategic Partnerships Projects, Performance of Projects, Project funding, stakeholders’ management.

Title: FACTORS INFLUENCING PERFORMANCE OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS: A CASE OF WORLD VISION KENYA

Author: Susan Wangui Gichigo, Dr. Muchelule Yusuf

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Abstract: The research aims to examine the effect of career motivation and perceptions cost of education on student interest in taking master’s degree Accounting. The population in this study were all 289 students of regular accounting students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method and method collecting data used a survey with a number of samples determined was 168 samples. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that career motivation has a positive effect on student interest in taking Master’s Degree in Accounting education, while perceptions of cost of education have a negative effect on student interest in attending Master’s Degree of Accounting education at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University.

Keywords: Career Motivation, Perceived cost of education, Student Interest.

Title: Influence of Career Motivation and Perceptions Cost of Education on Students' Interest in Taking Master’s Degree in Accounting

Author: I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dananjaya, Ni Ketut Rasmini, I Gde Ary Wirajaya, I Gusti Ayu Eka Damayanthi

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Abstract: The study sought to examine how government support services as issuance of subsidies, marketing support, diversification and extension services, influence the sustainability of small holder irrigation projects in Kisumu County. The study was underpinned by Contingency Theory, Resource Based Theory and stake-holders theory. Descriptive research design was employed. The target population in the small scale irrigation farming projects in Kisumu county was 4,000 farmers which included project officials that is, the chairman of water users association, project secretary and block leaders from Nyachoda, Awach, Gem-Rae , Nyakalewa, Kasiru-Kolal, Sisso,Anyuro,Arombo, Siamy and kotieno small scale irrigation projects, located in  Nyando  Sub-county since a large population of most small-scale irrigation farmers are located in this Sub-county. The study adopted simple random sampling to select sample size of 102 respondents. The study utilized primary data which was collected using questionnaire.  An overall Cronbach alpha of 0.8088 was obtained which indicated that the research instrument was reliable. The analysis of research data was based on multiple regression analysis. The research results indicated that a unit increase in government subsidies leads to a significant and positive increase in sustainability of small holder irrigation projects by 0.779 times with a p value of 0.003. One unit increase in marketing support holding other factors constant leads to a significant increase in the sustainability of small scale irrigation projects by 1.041 times; p value of 0.000. Further, diversification has a significant increase in the sustainability of small scale irrigation projects by 0.330 times; p value is 0.034.  Lastly, one unit change in extension services has a significant decrease in small scale irrigation projects by 0.572; p value is 0.026. The study concluded that government support services are important in enhancing small scale irrigation projects sustainability in Kisumu county Kenya. The study recommended that government support services should be continuously provided to small scale irrigation project farmers’ in Kisumu county in order to boost irrigation projects’ sustainability.

Keywords: Government Support Services, Marketing Support, Diversification, Extension Services and Sustainability.

Title: GOVERNMENT SUPPORT SERVICES AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL SCALE IRRIGATION FARMING PROJECTS IN KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA

Author: CHARLOTTE ACHIENG OORO, PERRIS WAMBUI CHEGE

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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Abstract: The Kenyan SACCO business plays a key role in contributing to the country’s savings that has boosted social development and the economy. Co-operative societies in Kenya may be traced to the pre-independence times with initiation of development in the time immediately after the country gained independence. Most SACCOs in Kakamega begin and fail to reach the breakeven point and thus end up closing down. It is against this backdrop, that this study sought to interrogate the effects of internal factors as far as growth of SACCOs in Kenya is concerned, particularly those within Kakamega County. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of loan portfolio management on Sacco performance. Descriptive research design was applied in the study whereby census was used for the whole chosen population. The 52 active SACCOs found in Kakamega County formed the target population; focusing on 156 respondents. Stratified random sampling was applied to select 111 respondents comprising of CEOs/Top managers, finance officers and Sacco accountants. Questionnaires having closed ended questions relating to the objective were used to collect primary data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in the study to analyze data from the questionnaires. SPSS version 23 software was used to code and analyze data. Tables were used in data presentation. The study established that loan portfolio management positively affected the on performance of Sacco in Kakamega County. The study recommends that SACCOs need to develop strict and strategic policy guidelines on loan portfolio management (Credit Policy) that would positively determine performance of the institutions (SACCOs) in their day to day operations. 

Keywords: Performance, Saccos, Loan Portfolio Management, Kakamega County.

Title: Influence of Loan Portfolio Management on Performance of Saving and Credits Organizations in Kenya, a Case Study of Saccos in Kakamega County

Author: Margaret Faith Wamalwa

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

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