Vol 3 Issue 2 October 2015-March 2016

Abstract: Purity of air is most important from the public health point of view, because every individual person breathes approximately 22000 times per day, inhaling about 15 to 22 Kg of air daily. Polluted air causes physical ill effect decides undesirable aesthetic and physiological effects. Air pollution can be defined as addition to our atmosphere of any material, which will have a deleterious effect on life upon our planet. The main pollutants contribute by automobiles are carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), oxides of nitrogen (Nox) and Lead. Automobiles are not only source of air pollution, other sources such as electric power generating stations, industrial and domestic fuel consumption, refuse burning, industrial processing etc. also contribute heavily to contamination of our environment so it is imperative that serious attempts should be made to conserve earth’s environment from degradation. A twin filter silencer is an attempt in this direction; it is mainly dealing with control of emission and noise. A twin filter silencer is fitted to the exhaust pipe of engine. Sound produced under water is less hear able than it produced in atmosphere. This mainly because of small sprockets in water molecules, which lowers its amplitude thus, lowers the sound level. Because of this property, water is used in this silencer and hence its name as “Twin Filter Silencer”. Due to this we reduce the noise and emissions from the exhaust. Keywords: Twin Filter Silencer; Unburned Hydrocarbon; Air Pollution; Carbon Monoxide; Water Molecules. Title: Fabrication and Testing of Portable Twin Filter Aqua Silencer Author: SARATH RAJ, AJBIN K ANIYAN, AKSHAY AJI, ANANDHU RAJ, ANANDU MOHAN, SHARON T.R International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Aim of this project is to remove the oily effluent from waste water of sugar factory. A free floating endless belt oil skimmer was developed as means of recovering spilled oil from surface water. The skimmer utilizes a unique high efficiency belt which is driven by motor. By removing oil we can preprocess water for other use. A free floating endless belt oil skimmer was developed as means of recovering spilled oil from surface water. The skimmer utilizes a unique high efficiency belt which is driven by motor. By removing oil we can preprocess water for other use. The contamination of oil is 80% is removed by means of belt. Keywords: Oil Recovery, Oil Pollution, Oleophilic Skimmer, Operational Planning. Title: Oil Skimmer Mechanism in Sugar Factory Author: Suraj Burungale, Manoj Kamble, Avinash Deokar, Sumit kamble, Prof.Kuber K.H International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Electricity is a worldwide know source of made light. Electricity is a form of energy that is produced by the movement of electrons. Another way of receiving electricity would be solar electricity. Only recently, in the last two decades, have many people taken advantage of the sun's light and energy to build or install solar products. Solar products are more beneficial to the earth and can save you money in the long run. Solar products include a variety of options like solar panels, photovoltaic systems, solar water heaters, etc.

In Manila, Philippines, electricity and solar was both put to use in making a solar bottle bulb. These solar bottle bulbs are starting to become a popular installation. Since the houses in places in the Philippines are located so close together, “they have no windows or natural light.” We wanted to do a project on solar and compare the difference between solar and regular electricity. In this project, we are going to be testing a regular light bulb and a solar bottle bulb that we will be creating. We are going compare and see whether a regular light bulb or a solar bottle bulb is brighter, at the different times of day. We will be finding the average brightness of the solar bottle bulb and compare the results to the regular light bulb. We wanted compare the two because solar energy can be very useful and can save people a lot of money. Branching off this project, we would like to do a project in the future also on the comparing of brightness. We would like to apply what we have learned and try to experiment the difference and effect of different colors of rooms. By doing this experiment, we have learned much about brightness and we are hopefully able to direct a better experiment in the future.

Keywords: Solar products, Bottle Bulb & Mobile Charger, Electricity.

Title: Design & Development of Solar Bottle Bulb & Mobile Charger

Author: Mr. Bhawar Tushar Suresh, Prof. K. L. Paval

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract:  The goal of this article is to review the state of the art in the technology for Stair-Climbing Power Wheelchair for people with disabilities, without help of any other person. The disabled person climb staircase with the help of wheelchair.  a particular focus on the technology that is loosely referred to as assistive devices. In the process, we review research that has been done by different groups on Stair-Climbing Power Wheelchair for manipulation and locomotion.

We will be less interested in examples of devices that simply perform the mechanical function of a person's limb further therapeutic applications are beyond the scope of this article. Main goal is to provide the reader with an understanding of how the technology and science can be used to develop assistive devices for people with manipulative and locomotive disabilities. Also the analytical work carried out so far in this context is reviewed and discussed.

The main conceptual element’s that has been proposed to improvise on this idea is mainly to simplify the mechanism and make it work using human effort. The conceptual design, preliminary design, are being done and explained in the report. The usage of electronically operated motions is made in necessary parts (only if necessary). The report also contains about materials to be used and design aspects and constraints that we had to keep in mind while designing. Some of the drawings relating to our project are drawn. The models of wheelchair which helped us in getting an idea of this project are shown in the project.

Keywords: Staircase Climbing Wheelchair, Impaired Mobility, Low Cost Design.

Title: Stair Climbing Wheelchair for Disabled Person

Author: N.N. SORATE, M.B.SUL, N.B. MALGUNDE, A.N.KALE

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: This study is concerned with design and construction of a portable circular multi-blade rotary power cutting tool in which rotation of the circular blade is provided by a 3 horse power AC electric motor and the fitting of each blade through the line shaft is done through the use of specialized shims. The test and evaluation were done by the comparative test method. The portable circular multi-blade rotary power cutting tool is consists of two pulleys with a belt and line shaft with two bolt pillow blocks that are used to transmit rotation from the motor to the blade. The motor is powered by electricity using a push button switch. Its body is made of steel to withstand heavy loading. It has two carter wheels located at the lower back for mobility.  It is provided with a clamp, wheel guard, belt and pulley cover is provided for safety purposes. The use of single tool performing cutting of material in any type is beneficial not only for the operator but also, to the manufacturing that uses mainly cutting tools.

Keywords: Cutting Tool, Circular Cutting Tool, Portable Multi-blade Cutting Tool, and Rotary Power cutting Tool.

Title: Design and Construction of a Portable Circular Multi-Blade Rotary Power Cutting Tool

Author: Eduardo M. Manzano, Luisito M. Abgao Jr, Sarah Jean A. Pangilinan, Christian Mar S. Santiago

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The combustion chamber of engine cylinder of motor cycle is subjected to a high temperature and thermal stresses, on which fins are, mounted in order to cool the cylinder, fins are provided on the cylinder to increase the heat transfer rate. In this report thermal analysis of engine block with fins were analyzed. By doing thermal analysis on cylinder block fins, it is helpful to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. The principle behind the cooling of the cylinder block is to extend the fins over the cylinder block by which the heat transfer rate will be increased. The parametric model of engine block fins has been developed in 3D software Solidworks and thermal analysis is done on the fins and the block to determine temperature variation in transient state and in steady state that is, with and without consider over time. The Thermal analysis is done by using ANSYS software. Analysis is conducted with varying material also. In this thesis report two model were created in software and modified design of the same model were analyzed, and comparison of two models according to geometry and material wise analyzed. The new material was chosen as aluminium alloy 1050 for this analysis.

Keywords: Engine Cylinder Fins, Geometry, Material, Thermal Analysis.

Title: Thermal Analysis of IC Engine Cylinder Block with Fins Perpendicular to the Axis of Piston Movement

Author: Shubham Shrivastava, Shikar Upadhyay

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

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Abstract: The 3-cylinder engine consist of three cylinders, two cylinder of same volume called HIGH-PRESSURE CYLINDERS (fired cylinders) both connected to third cylinder called LOW-PRESSURE CYLINDER of about twice the volume than the volume of each of the fired cylinders. The fired cylinder uses both fuel and steam for producing work output. It uses the heat of exhaust gases to generate steam from water which is further used as a working fluid for additional Power stroke. And hence both the fired cylinders work in a six stroke cycle.   Furthermore  the exhaust of both fired cylinders at every exhaust stroke is not rejected to atmosphere rather it is passed to LOW-PRESSURE cylinder where the additional expansion of exhaust products take place thereby giving extra power strokes. The above-described property of 3-cylinder engine causes the expansion ratio of medium in the engine is two times greater than the compression ratio. There is increased in Specific power and specific torque generated and also increased in fuel efficiency .It results in less fuel consumption. It uses the heat of exhaust gases which is usually lost in a engine. Around 30-40 % of energy is lost along the exhaust gases and 30-40 % is lost in cooling the engine. This 3-cylinder engine also reduce the heat use for cooling the system as water injected decrease the peak temperature of the cylinder walls.

Keywords: 3-cylinder engine, combined working, water injection, crankshaft and additional expansion.

Title: Concept of 3-Cylinder Engine

Author: RAJAN SINGH THAKUR

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: In a cryogenic engine thrust chamber, the fuel is passed through the regenerative channels in order to take care of high energy combustion. However cryogenic cooling results in wide range of temperature distribution in the cross section and along the axis of the thrust chamber with respect to time. In order to have an understanding of temperature distribution and stable combustion condition an accurate prediction of heat transfer characteristics for the complete spectrum of thrust chamber with respect to time is necessary. The objective of the paper includes the effects of regenerative cooling and the companion conjugate heat transfer. GAMBIT and FLUENT software programs are used as grid generator and solver respectively in the solution. Analysis is done three dimensionally and fluid flow is considered to be transient turbulent flow. The standard k-ε turbulence model is employed. Transient temperature prediction of coolant using CFD simulation is the main study related to this work. The study includes the analysis of regeneratively cooled thrust chamber with rectangular channels with aspect ratio 2:1.

Keywords: Cryogenic engine, Regenerative Cooling, k-ε turbulence model, GAMBIT and FLUENT, CFD, Aspect Ratio.

Title: Case Study of Regenerative Cooling in Rocket Combustors Using Rectangular Cooling Channels

Author: SARATH RAJ, SUJITH G

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The objective of this project work is to develop portable thermoelectric refrigeration system capable of maintaining vaccine temperatures between 8 °C and 13 °C. The main system consisted of thermoelectric module as cooling generator along with insulated cabin, battery and charging unit. Thermoelectric elements perform the same cooling function as Freon-based vapor compression or absorption refrigerators. To ensure the success of this project several criteria’s are to be satisfied such as portability, size and cost of the system. The design of the preservator is based on the principles of thermoelectric module (i.e., Peltier effect) to create a hot side and a cold side. The cold side of the thermoelectric module is used for refrigeration purposes; provide cooling to the vaccine chamber. On the other hand, the heat from the hot side of the module is rejected to the surroundings with the help of heat sinks and fans. After gathering experimental data’s and necessary guidelines from research papers on the thermoelectric refrigeration systems, the initial design of the model was made. Based on the heat load calculations, the thermoelectric module is selected. The system was fabricated and was experimentally tested for the cooling purpose. The capability of the system to maintain the required temperature and the time for reaching the same were analyzed. The results showed that the system can maintain the vaccine storage temperature at 8°C and 13 °C under ambient temperature up to 30 °C with minimum power consumption of 34 Watt. The proposed thermoelectric module, to maintain the vaccine storage temperature, satisfied the design criteria. Coefficient of performance of the vaccine preservation (COPR) was calculated and found to be about 0.106.

Keywords: Thermoelectric module, Seebeck Effect, Peltier Effect.

Title: Experimental Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Portable Thermoelectric Vaccine Preservator

Author: SARATH RAJ

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The applications of artificially roughened duct or surfaces are being used by researchers to enhance heat transfer rate from heat transferring surface to working fluid. There are different techniques to analyze the heat transfer mechanism those are explained in this literature. The present work was undertaken with the objectives of extensive investigation on the 900 shaped ribs as artificial roughness on the surface of duct.  Experimental setup for heat transfer and pressure lose have been design and developed. Data were collected for local heat transfer and pressure loss of these artificially roughened ducts. Results of artificially roughened duct have been compared with those of a smooth duct under similar flow condition to determine heat transfer and friction factor.

Keywords: Heat Transfer, Friction Factor.

Title: Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics of Square Type Tabulator Roughness Solar Air Heater

Author: Vikas Kesharwani, Ravi Vishwakarma

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The heat transfer models of ground loop heat exchanger are perfect or not is the main factor affecting to promote the GSHP system. The geological formation and ground water flow of which vertical pipe through performance a great influence of its heat transfer. As the initial cost of GSHP system is high so the total emphasis on how much energy is saved by this system every year and how much time will it take to overcome its initial cost. There is further scope of work since the performance of the system is still not available for design and application. Therefore performance evaluation is required with suitable methodology. In general a home owner may save anywhere from 20% to 60% annually or utilities by switching from ordinary system to a ground source system.

Capital cost and system life span have received much less study until recently and return on investment is highly variable.Capital cost are known to be benefit from economics of scale particularly from open loop system so they are more conventional heating system in most residential application.The life span of system is longer than conventional heating and cooling system .Good data on system life.

Keywords: ground coupled condenser, residential building, temperature, energy conservation.

Title: Winter Performance and Payback Analysis of Window Air Conditioner Using Vertical Configuration of Ground Coupled Condenser

Author: Smita Tandon, Dr. Bartaria V.N.

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: In this investigation, AA6061 milled particle size was fabricated by milling machine plus compacted by hydraulic press in room temperature. Finally, sintering in the temperature range of 552 OC. The samples were compacted by 9 tons. The holding time was 20 mins. Three groups of specimens were chosen (without binder, blended with zinc stearate binder and blended with polyethylene glycol 400 binder). Each group has tested by compression test , microhardness test and microstructure. The mechanical properties of the three groups depend on the type of binder. So, it is useful first to present and discuss the results of microstructure to understand the mechanical properties. In this study, the compression strength and microhardness values were increased with the using of zinc stearate binder due to the bonding between particles was stronger, in addition, the pores amount was decreased. On the other hand, the specimen (without binder) was decreased the compression strength and microhardness due to the particle size cannot slip well, it leads to more pores and the bonding was not stronge. An addition, polyethylene glycol has a value lower than the previous binder and better than without binder specimen.

Keywords: Binder, milling process, Micro-hardness, powder metallurgy, AA6061.

Title: Compression Strength and Microhardness of Recycling Milled Aluminium (AA6061) for Various Binder

Author: Ahmed Sahib Mahdi, Mohd Sukri Mustapa, Mohd Amri lajis, Mohd warikh abd Rashid

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics technique is used to investigate the rocket thrust chamber cooling characteristics. The scope of the investigation involves the study of effect of aspect ratio (height/width) on the heat transfer characteristics of coolant channel. Steady state pressure based analysis of semi cryogenic thrust chamber regenerative cooling channel with three different sets of aspect ratio is done by varying   the coolant channel height. The temperature distributions of coolant along the coolant channel, temperature distributions of copper and stainless steel walls are the main focus of the study. In this study the effect of film cooling and sub cooling are also analysed. In all above mentioned cases the, the coolant (kerosene), which is the fuel) enters at the aft end of the thrust chamber and passes through the rectangular cooling channels before it is fed to the injectors.

Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics technique, heat transfer characteristics of coolant channel.

Title: Analysis for the Prediction of Effect of Aspect Ratio Five on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Regeneratively Cooled Thrust Chamber

Author: SARATH RAJ, SUJITH G, KRISHNA KUMAR T S

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The performance of Stirling engines (alpha type) meets the demands of the efficient use of energy and environmental security and hence they are the subject of current interest. Hence, many scientific institutes and commercial companies are now focussing on the development and investigation of Stirling engine. The Stirling engine is both practically and theoretically a significant device. The aim of this project is to provide fundamental information and present a detailed review of the efforts taken by for the development of the Stirling cycle and techniques used for engine analysis. A number of attempts have been made to build and improve the performance of Stirling engines. It is seen that for successful operation of engine system with better efficiency, design should be carefully made. Proper selection of drive mechanism and engine configuration is essential. This project indicates that a Stirling cycle engine working with relatively low temperature with air or helium as working fluid is potentially attractive engines of the future. The model is created by cero parameter1.0 (ProE) and animation is done by also this software.

Keywords: Engine Analysis, Fabrication of Solar Stirling Engines.

Title: Analysis and Fabrication of Solar Stirling Engines

Author: SARATH RAJ, RENJITH KRISHNAN, SUJITH G, GOKUL GOPAN, ARUN G.S

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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Abstract: The development of lubricants like, cutting fluids was traditionally based on mineral oil as a base Fluid. This fact is related to the technical properties and the reasonable price of mineral oils. Cutting fluids are used widely to reduce the negative effects of the heat and friction on both tool and workpiece. The cutting fluids generally produces three positive effects in the process such as  heat removal, lubrication on the chip–tool interface and chip removal. Issues of using fluids in machining related to environment, health, and manufacturing cost that need to be solved and options to reduce their use has to be accomplished. Hence there arises the need for an ecologically benign metal working fluid in machining operations. A comparative study of Dry Machining and Wet Machining where rice bran oil and coolant oil (Shell Tellus-40) is used as the cutting fluid serves as the scope of this study. The results obtained with conventional flood cooling method are compared with that of Dry cutting. The experiment is carried out in a CNC lathe for turning operation on plain carbon steels EN8 and EN9 for surface roughness and tool life by varying parameter like Cutting speed and Feed keeping depth of cut constant.

Keywords: cutting fluids, CNC lathe technical properties and the reasonable price of mineral oils.

Title: Case Study on Effect of Cutting Fluids in Turning Operation

Author: Gokul Gopan, Smitha G. Nair

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

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