Vol 4 Issue 2 October 2016-March 2017

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the most important risks of two types of industrial vacuum cleaners on five related muscles and to provide an overview of the most important issues to highlight the main trends and issues regarding the working conditions, hazard exposure and health outcomes, to identify gaps in knowledge and information available, and to formulate recommendations for future studies. Electromyography (EMG) analysis techniques are widely used in ergonomics and biomechanical studies for analyzing the demand of a job, comparing different tasks, and ergonomics design. Electromyography (EMG) was recorded to measure the electrical activity of different muscles including trapezius, medial deltoid, biceps brachii, brachioradialis and torso located in the neck, shoulder, upper arm, forearm and lower back respectively. Four subjects ranging from 23 and 28 years of age were analyzed. Surface electromyography of different muscles was measured and numerous signal processing methods were applied. ANOVA was used to assess the effects of the dependent variables as well as their interactions. Results of this study demonstrated that there was interaction between vacuum type and trunk flexion angle. Also, there was no significant difference in average compression between vacuum type and trunk flexion angle (p<00.1). The study concluded that trunk flexion angle was more sensitive to create stresses on torso muscles compared to trapezius muscles with either the backpack or upright vacuum cleaners. The backpack vacuum cleaner has an effect of torso angles on five related muscles compared to the upright vacuum cleaner regarding cleaning rates. Using backpack vacuum cleaner results in less body stress and risk compared to the upright vacuum cleaner.

Keywords: Muscle activity, Ergonomics, Electromyography, Vacuum Cleaning, Non-Neutral Torso Postures.

Title: A Biomechanical Analysis of Vacuum Cleaning Task Using Risk Assessment Tools

Author: Dr. Abdulbaset Frefer, Sahapol Hoon knew, Rabia Almamlook

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology     

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Injection molding is one of the very widely used manufacturing process for polymer materials due to its high production rate and low process cost. However, polymer parts manufactured through injection molding process are prone to various defects such as geometrical defect, shape related defect and visual defects. All designers work hard to minimize these defects and increase the quality of the molded part to satisfy the end application through the molding process parameters optimization with help of design of experiments (DOE). The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of various injection molding process parameters on the volumetric shrinkage of a acetal polymer gear part, identifying the most significant parameter causing high volumetric shrinkage and optimizing the process parameters through Taguchi orthogonal array design and analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. The acetal polymer gear injection molding process is simulated using Moldflow adviser ultimate simulation software and the change in volumetric shrinkage is analysed for various process parameters combination. Taguchi optimization and ANOVA method were found to be very useful in determining the most significant molding process parameter that affect volumetric shrinkage and optimizing the control parameters for achieving minimum part shrinkage. Keywords: Injection molding, polymer gears, shrinkage, Taguchi optimization, ANOVA method. Title: Minimization of Shrinkage in Injection Molding Process of Acetal Polymer Gear Using Taguchi DOE Optimization and ANOVA Method Author: Ramkumar Ramakrishnan, Dr. Ken Mao International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: this paper is about the contact angle analysis for the production of self-cleaning glass surface inspired from Taro/Lotus leaf. It includes the details of working of such surface, influencing parameters, selection of those parameters for manufacturing purpose. Mathematical models for the contact analysis are discussed and solved; manufacturing parameters are selected based on those solutions. The idea of this research is to learn about the way to mimic the characteristics of taro leaf and apply it to the windscreen of automobile. The paper provides the information to select various parameters required to manufacture such surface. A theoretical case study to demonstrate how the findings help to determine the parameters is also included in the paper. It also discusses about advantages of such glass surface applicable for the windscreen. The paper does not include process for manufacturing such glass surface but it helps to prepare for it. A mathematical model applicable for the windscreen application was selected based on literature and solved to have the desired information. Keywords: contact angle, contact factor, surface energy, hydrophobicity, coating material, lithography. Title: Parameter Selection from Contact Angle Analysis for the Production of Nature Inspired Self Cleaning Taro Leaf Mimic Glass Surface for Automobile Windscreen Author: Saurav Pathak International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The Project involves nonlinear implicit analysis of the Roll over protective structure of a tractor using 1D Elements like BEAM, BAR, SPOTWELD instead of conventional 2D Shell elemental model. Normally, the CAD model is represented using 2D Elements in FEM, Due to that the pre-processing time and final computation is very high, 1D Element representation will be faster to build and simulation can be done lot quicker. The objective to run complicated nonlinear implicit analysis on vehicle structure using both 1D Model & traditional 2D model thereby capturing displacement, stress, strain, reaction force load-displacement plots, and energy-time plots and correlate the results. If the result correlation is good, then this new way of FE Modeling will help in reducing the lead time of these kind of analysis. The energy - time plots collected give us an idea about the amount of energy the structure could absorb during the roll over. Similarly the force displacement plots can give information about the load carrying capacity of the cab structure. The correlation between the simulation results of the 1D & 2D finite elemental model was compared, the results showed very good correlation between these 2 models. Keywords: Roll Over Protective Structure, Nonlinear Implicit Analysis, Hypermesh, and Abaqus. Title: Correlation of 1D & 2D Finite Element Modeling Under Non-Linear Implicit Analysis Author: Madasamy Panneerselvam International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The project involves dynamic analysis of an automotive door beam subjected to impact by a ram, which is moving with a particular velocity. For the analysis of the side-door impact beam, the Finite Element Method (FEM) was used since it is the most widely used computational method in automotive design applications. A finite element basic model of the beam and the ram was developed in hypermesh 12.0. The objective is to run a FE analysis for this model and collect animation results, force-displacement plots, stresses etc. It was also required to collect plots at 6 inch of ram travel. It is also necessary to keep the stresses in the beam lesser than the ultimate stress of the material being used. Phase II is to simulate the door beam in complete vehicle with different design and different material composition. The energy - time plots collected give us an idea about the amount of energy the beam could absorb under impact. Similarly the force displacement plots can give information about the load carrying capacity of the door beam. Two design improvements have been suggested for the door beam. These changes in the design have shown a good improvement in the load carrying capacity of the beam. For all these analyses it was observed that the stresses obtained at 6 inch ram travel were below the ultimate stress of the beam material and this prevents the beam from failing Keywords: Side impact; door beam; LS-DYNA; Impact analysis. Title: Side Impact Analysis on Automotive Door Beam Author: Madasamy Panneerselvam International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The rationale of this work is to put forward upgrading areas in the industry to perk up its productivity by analyzing the problems coupled with it. Acknowledged problems were deciphered by using method study principles. The production process does not have efficient work procedure and workers are exaggerated by superfluous fatigue, so the industry not able to perk up productivity. Improvement was achieved by reducing the cycle time, combining the workstations and tumbling the worker’s fatigue. The work conceded out deals with enhancing productivity in sugar production industry. Being a harsh entrant and to be divergent from contenders, the firm has to amplify productivity to convenes its customer requirements. Productivity enhancement is very important factor for a firm to endure and to accomplish breakthroughs.

Keywords: Worker, Flow process chart, Plant layout, Productivity.

Title: Enhance Productivity Using Method Study in Sugar Industry

Author: Neeraj Kumar Sharma

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology  

ISSN 2348-7593 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In industry at present uses the traditional method of cutting wax using long knife manually which involves more human effort, time taking process and the output of cutting process is not meeting the required level of size leading to long melting time, wax wastage, possibility of contaminated particle being added in the paraffin wax. All such factors affect the entire productivity of the company and quality of the product. In order to overcome such problems encountered in the industry, it is intended to design an innovative machine on considering engineering design approach seeking to produce fine output of paraffin wax by which the process can be improved in all the phases, eventually the productivity of the company is expected to be increased. This work aim that innovative design and fabrication of paraffin wax cutting machine is an attempt to solve problems encountered in kromoto industry in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia interns of simplifying the process of cutting paraffin wax. Solid woks simulation software can be used to model and simulate the machine that can be designed and fabricated. Keywords: Wax machine, Design, paraffin wax cutting. Title: DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PARAFIN WAX CUTTING MACHINE Author: Ashenafi Adugna International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Recent developments in lapping process have opened up new avenues for finishing of hard and brittle materials with nano surface finish, high tolerance and accuracy. Instead of using super abrasives such as diamond and CBN for achieving nano surface finish, conventional abrasives such as alumina and silicon carbide can be reduced to nano level to obtain nano surface finish. The properties of abrasives at nano-level are also studied. Keywords: ball milling, nano-abrasives, surface roughness. Title: Experimental Investigation and Analysis of Nano Surface Finish in Lapping Process Using Nano Abrasives Author: Ramkumar R, Nishanth S, Balaji V International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study focuses on the need for vibration damping in various sports that include hand held equipment and deals with Impact loads (Tennis, Golf, Cricket, Pole Vault, and Badminton). Sports in these days draw huge crowd in turn huge money and the perspective has changed from hobby to profession. Many professional sports are highly competitive where millions of dollars depend on reactions in one-tenth of a second or a centimeter variation. To provide a player with this kind of precision, the equipment they use must react as per the instincts of the player without causing him/her discomfort. This is where damping technology plays a major role. This study also sheds light on different methods of vibration damping and how such a method was inculcated into the field of sports. Keywords: Sports, Vibrations, shocks, Damping. Title: A study on Methods of Damping in Sports Equipments Author: Suhas N, Srikrishna Y B International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this study, stress concentration factors (SCF, Kt) of rectangular plate with multiple opposite semicircular notches are considered under uniform tensile stress so as to analyze the notch deformation due to the effect of stretching of plate. The maximum stress in the notched plate is found to determine the stress concentration factor. A plate with multiple notches under the axial load creates stress concentration near the notch and it is much larger than the average stress on the plate. Both analytical and finite element methods are used to calculate the maximum stress around the notch. SolidWorks Simulation 2014 has been employed for modelling and static analysis of linear elastic isotropic rectangular plate of size 700 x 400 x 20 mm. The uniform tensile load of pressure with a magnitude of 75 Mpa is applied on both sides of rectangular plate normal to the sides of notches with three different notch radius to plate width ratio (2r/D) = 0.2 , 0.3 and 0.4, corresponding notch radius to center distance (2r/L) = 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8. The result obtained on both analytical and finite element methods are compared and the percentage of error has been evaluated. Keywords: Stress Concentration Factor, Notched Plate, Static Analysis, Finite Element Method. Title: Stress Concentration on Rectangular Plate with Multiple Opposite Semicircular Notches Using Finite Element Analysis Author: Babulal K S, Ashenafi Adugna, I. Vimalkannan, A.Pradeep International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The aim of this study is optimizing the creep properties of T91 weld joints at high temperature and pressure. After welding, tube portions were subjected to different cycles of post welding heat treatment, than creep tests at 650°C and a range of pressure values. Crept specimens were exterminated in order to determine the weakest zones in the joint. It was found that the rupture occurs in the base metal at high pressures and in the heat affected zone at low ones. The creep rupture time of weld joint is lower than those of the base metal.Microstructure after creep is compared to the original one, to better understand the impact of creep exposure on microstructure evolution and to evaluate the strength of weld joints. Keywords: Power plants, T91, Environment, Welding, pwht, creep, SEM investigations. Title: Experimental Study On Creep Strength Of The Weld Joints Of 9%Cr Heat Resistant Steels Author: Seifallah Fetni, Chokri Boubahri, Jalel Briki International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348-7593 (Online) Research Publish Journals