Vol 10 Issue 1 January 2022-March 2022

Abstract: This study sought to investigate the influence of delegation of duties as a principal’s motivational practice on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji sub county, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study objective sought to determine the influence of delegation of duties on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji Sub-County. Descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The target population consisted of all the 8 secondary schools principals and all the 235 teachers from Kamukunji Sub-county from which a sample of 7 principals and 67 teachers was selected using census sampling and proportionate stratified sampling techniques and simple random sampling. Questionnaires were used as data collection tools. Reliability was tested using the test-retest technique to determine the degree to which test scores were consistent. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings from quantitative data were presented in cross tabulation tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Qualitative data was analysed qualitatively by organizing data into themes as per the objectives of the study and the findings were presented in a narrative form. The study found that delegation of duties had significant influence on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study observed that all the school principals 100% and 91.0% of the teachers agreed that delegation of duties provides teachers the ability to learn and develop new skills. This means that delegation of duties significantly influences teacher retention. The study concluded that delegation of duties allows teachers to acquire and develop new skills, as well as build trust and increase communication between them. The study recommends that the administration of the school should make an attempt to allocate responsibility roles to teachers as early as possible and allow them to gain the requisite experience.

Keywords: Delegation of duties, Teacher retention, Motivational practice.

Title: DELEGATION OF DUTIES  AS A PRINCIPALS’  MOTIVATIONAL PRACTICE ON TEACHER RETENTION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KAMUKUNJI SUB COUNTY, NAIROBI COUNTY KENYA

Author: Peter Kiio Manundu, Dr. Janet Mulwa, Dr. Rose Mwanza

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Interest in promoting quality English language teaching in foreign countries has been a long-standing government priority. English is considered the most important universal language in education and professional work. However, English teaching is focused on professional teaching and language skills without much emphasis on aspects of English as a culture and not merely a language. The relation between exposure to English-speaking cultures, mainly western, and EFL’s competencies is a topic in EFL academic research that requires more investigation, especially in the context of non-native speakers in Arab countries. In education, the present advancements in the technology field have resulted in renewed interests to blend conventional teaching and learning approaches with technologies that improve teaching and learning of language. This research aims to examine the works regarding blended education challenges as a technology-improved pedagogical instrument that combines face-to-face and e-learning instructional tasks to develop English skills, including its applications in coaching English as a new language. Besides, this work explores how blended learning enables students to become engaged and autonomous in knowledge development instead of acting as a passive observers. It is anticipated that the article shall contribute to improving the knowledge body which exists in the blending learning area, mainly as it applies to the experience acquisition issues in EFL. It can be argued that blended learning applications can support EFL learning and maximize opportunities for EFL students to study English at their convenience freely. Some challenges should be resolved or addressed, such as ensuring that the designs of blended learning methods put into consideration learning approaches of learners and the workload needed to be effective, the library facilities can deliver this kind of method, and e-learning materials are suitably supportive, and learners can easily access them.

Keywords: English language teaching, English teaching, language skills, English-speaking cultures.

Title: THE CHALLENGE OF USING BLENDED LEARNING IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Author: Safeya Habeeb Merza

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In many learning places, online learning has become the new normal with the major aim of averting the Covid-19 pandemic effects. Besides, the e-learning benefits can help mitigate the effects of conventionalism and deferment in education institutions and foster the development of student's critical thinking skills as would be anticipated in traditional residential practices if exploited effectively. Even though research myriads have proved that it is a student-and-action-based model that has the potential to accomplish optimal education and learning outcomes when applied successfully, online learning more often than not has been criticized for being unable to engage learners amply. Understandably, in residential systems, teaching learners to develop critical thinking skills has been challenging because it needs the physical presence of students and faculty to participate in the analyses and syntheses of complex concepts for applications, clarity and better assimilations. To successfully apply the same in an e-learning setting will need augmented knowledge in the subject matters as well as knowledge in the e-learning dynamics, including applications of germane instructional strategies, contexts and influential theories.

Keywords: online learning, Covid-19 pandemic effects, e-learning benefits, education institutions.

Title: CRITICAL THINKING AND ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE PANDEMIC

Author: Manal Hasan Hasan Ebrahim Alkandari

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: It is vital to comprehend blended learning, also referred to as hybrid learning, because it is a format now applied more frequently than ever in virtual classrooms, whether teachers are working as freelance online teachers or teaching English online with established tutoring companies. The technological developments have allowed for blended learning and teaching processes in education institutions among learners successfully. Teaching the English language needs the right processes that would enable learners to effectively capture specific concepts and ideas in English. This work explores the importance of hybrid teaching methods among English learners by analyzing blended and hybrid learning and teaching processes. Hybrid coaching approaches are seen as blended teaching that combines online experiences and one-on-one interaction during the education processes. Over the years, various foreign language programs have been designed via online classrooms due to the dependence of online support and educator preparation through substantial studies. Thus, hybrid learning approaches need proper research and planning to be useful and effective for learners, particularly in learning English. They entail the development processes of connected communication skills via the support and preparations of educators based on literature studies. The teaching of the English language among learners is based on language program directors, literature studies, and professional development in particular contexts as provided. The study examines the processes and significance of hybrid teaching and learning approaches that allow professional development in teaching and learning English language among learners. The objective of this work is to motivate foreign language educators at schools to implement hybrid learning and teaching approaches in their classes to improve student involvement with English as a foreign language and offer more prospects to practice English outside the classrooms. I started by describing blended or hybrid learning and some of its strengths, differentiating this mixed approach from the flipped classrooms.

Keywords: blended learning, virtual classrooms, blended teaching, hybrid learning, learning English.

Title: Combining the Best of Online and Face-to-Face Learning: Hybrid and Blended Learning Approach for Teaching English as a Foreign Language the Higher Institution of Administrative Services English Language Department

Author: Abeer Thunayan Al Aradah

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: One of the special ethical principles that must be practiced in an educational institution is that all teachers should improve their professional knowledge and skills so that their performance will better serve others. One application of this ethical standard is awareness of the issues and trends in education, specifically in educational planning. The issues and trends in educational planning that students are aware of are: lack of gadgets and internet connection problems under administrative planning; blended learning, personalized learning, experiential learning, adaptive learning, bite-sized learning, gamification, socio-emotional learning, genius hour, and STEAM curriculum under academic curriculum or curricular planning; budgetary concerns, lack of facilities, and teacher shortage under administrative planning; drop-out rates, self-care, self-reliance, and digital citizenship under instructional planning; social divide, brain drain, socio-economics, and COVID19 adaptation under co-curricular planning. Since seminars do take the lead in the source of information of students, it is only but important that these topics be given more attention since educational ethics is the heart of the teaching profession.

Keywords: (Education / Ethics / Planning / Issues / Trends / Awareness).

Title: An Inquiry on the Awareness of Education Students about the Issues and Trends in Educational Planning: An Educational Ethics Perspective

Author: Cleus B. Reamico

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Meaning conveyance is a fundamental goal in language teaching and learning. To accomplish this essential goal, effective communication should be mastered in EFL classrooms. It is well known that communication is divided into two forms; verbal communication and non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is considered one of the most effective techniques in meaning conveyance. This study investigates the effects of non-verbal communication in conveying meaning in EFL classrooms. Conveying meaning in foreign language classes is a crucial issue because learning a language, whether native or foreign, cannot occur without effective conveyance of meaning.  In teaching English as a foreign language, meaning needs to happen within levels, activities and functions. One of the most important activities is the presentation of new words and structures. There are many ways of doing this. Examples of these include providing definitions, explaining the meaning, giving example, miming, translation, synonyms and antonyms, and contextualization. A questionnaire for EFL teachers was used as a data gathering tool. Later the responses of the participants were analysed. 

Keywords: Nonverbal communication, meaning, English as a Foreign Language (EFL),   Body Language   facial expressions.

Title: Teachers’ Views on the Role of Non-verbal Communication in EFL Classrooms

Author: Abdelmjeed A. H. Musa, Mohammed. A. Elshingeety

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The COVID-19 disease which first appeared in Wuhan, in the Hubei province of China, in December 2019 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020.Within a very short span of time it lead to an unexperienced worldwide public health crisis. In order to prevent the worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus disease universities, schools, and many other educational institutions have been either partially or completely closed in many countries, by national governments. Problem of disengagement, shortage of attendance and deterioration in academic achievement was experienced by many children and youth during the pandemic. With the closure of schools and the postponement of face-to-face lessons in many countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the education activities at all levels primary, secondary, high school and higher education level as well were soon affected. In order to compensate the interrupted educational activities, due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it became important for educational institutions to develop and implement effective strategies in order to remodel the changes that occurred due to pandemic. Shifting towards fully-online learning was a speedy yet necessary reflex to the coronavirus crisis. Therefore in order to provide effective learning-teaching environment increased importance was given to the use of information technologies in education from the beginning. Countries took quick steps towards digital transformation in education, and focus was given to the use of distance learning, teaching, and assessment approaches, which was not very common prior to the pandemic.  The present situation is considered as the biggest education crisis in human history.

Keywords: Novel coronavirus, Pandemic, online learning, digital transformation, information technologies.

Title: Impact of Covid-19 on Education: Challenges Faced By Students, Teachers and Parents

Author: Sushma

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The whole world is becoming increasingly interconnected by all means. The COVID Pandemic has affected all people all over the whole world regardless of race, gender, nationality, income, and levels of education. Education was strongly affected by this health crisis, schools and universities were closed; thus teachers and students had to abandon their physical classrooms and move to online education. Sustaining the quality of education has become a challenge during this transitional time, and supportive environment was needed to focus on learning and teaching.

Keywords: (Pandemic / E-Learning / Outbreak / Lockdown / Challenges / Impact).

Title: The Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on Teaching and Learning English

Author: Fatemah Nasser Alazemi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This Study focuses on the impact of Covid 19 Pandemic on Filipino passenger’s cruise intention. The purpose of the study is to identify what are the factors affecting the passenger’s intention to cruise in reference to the health protocols set by CLIA or Cruise Lines International Association. To identify whether these factors vary depending on the respondents’ demographic profile, a 4-point Likert scale is used in the research questionnaire to be answered by the target respondents which are Filipino who has cruise experience with the age range of 21 years old and above. The research questionnaire determines if there are significant difference between the passenger’s intention to cruise during pandemic and the respondents profile based on its variables. With a total of 97 respondents, the results show the respondent’s demographic profile and determine whether age, gender, marital status, monthly income, educational attainment and number of cruise experience has significant differences in passenger’s intention to cruise. The findings also suggest what strategies can be proposed to attract Filipino cruise ship passengers amidst COVID-19. The study identified that the only demographic profile of respondents that shows a significant difference in their intention to cruise are people of 21 – 27 years old on onboard procedure, people who are married and post graduate degrees. The study also identified that health protocols set by cruise industry like Embarkation & testing, Onboard procedures, Medical & public health response and Shore excursions has greatly affected the passenger’s intention to cruise.

Keywords: Cruise Ships, Impact of Covid 19 Pandemic, Intention to cruise, Health protocols.

Title: IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON FILIPINO PASSENGERS’ CRUISE INTENTION

Author: Formarejo Lance Ivan B, Omandac Kyle Benson L., Ms. Irma B. Gatdula

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Automated feedback systems have been associated with significant improvements in the outcomes for learners in higher education. The advantages for learners are well reported, but surprisingly few articles have investigated the advantages of automated feedback for instructors. This article reviews the use of feedback and automated feedback systems in higher education to assist instructors to self-assess and to privately identify potential improvements to their instructional practices. This article first describes how feedback is currently provided in higher education settings and then discusses requirements, technology, and innovations needed to create automated feedback systems for instructors. The proposed automated feedback system aims to assist university instructors by providing suggestions and feedback that could help to self-examine their work privately and immediately.

Keywords: Technologies Applied to Education, Feedback in Higher Education, Post-secondary Instructors, Automated Feedback Systems, Performance, Evaluation and Assessment.

Title: The Potentials of Automated Feedback Systems for Instructors in Higher Education

Author: Ammar Almutawa

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research evaluated and assessed the learning competency level of the respondents in English and the different determinants that hinder their learning capability in English. It utilized descriptive survey method during the conduct of the study. To determine the subjects of the study, universal sampling techniques was utilized. In addition, respondents’ socio economic status and learning preferences were also investigated. To answer the socio economic status, a tool was used that was adopted from the Bureau of Census and National Statistics quoted from the study of Pansit (2018) on “Enhanced MTB Strategic Intervention Materials for Reading” is used with a statistical treatment on simple percentage. It was found out that education level of respondents’ parents is in Elementary level with a percentage 63.16% which means that parents could not provide an appropriate academic information to their children .Meanwhile, in determining, learning styles of the respondents, adopted questionnaire from the study of Ocampo (2018) on Pedagogical Exemplars in Mathematics Across Learning Styles utilizing weighted mean. It found out, that the highest ranked of learners’ learning style is visual which has a weighted mean of 2.36. This is a great manifestation that learners learned best if lessons were presented interestingly and visually given. Visuals that are chunked into bit of ideas for easier understanding. Hence this increases student's interest in the subject matter. Meanwhile, it was revealed that, the over-all learning competency level of the respondents, is in below average. This implies that more exposure of exercises must be done for the learners to gain mastery of these learning competencies. Therefore, it is encouraged to craft differentiated learning exemplars fitted to their learning styles and engage them on the different exercises for the improvement of their academic performance.

Keywords: English Language, Assessment of Learning Styles, English Competencies, Academic Achievement, Differentiated Learning Exemplars, Visual Learners, Kinesthetic Learners, Auditory Learners.

Title: Differentiated Learning Exemplars for Students’ Academic Achievement in English Grade 9

Author: Noreen S. Yamyamin

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Public debts if secured and managed sustainably have been shown to boost economic growth and development, especially for developing economies. Unfortunately, Nigeria’s increasing debt profile, has not been managed efficiently and transparently to produce the desired economic benefits, but rather, as noted in this paper, the country may be treading towards the threshold of debt unsustainability at debt to GDP ratio of 40%. The country uses more than 90% of its revenue to service its debts, which, the paper noted has pushed the country into debt distress, macroeconomic challenges- financial and currency crises, high unemployment, and extreme poverty of nearly 50% of the total population. The paper thus proffered strategic policy recommendations, such as reducing cost of government, switching to interest free debt instruments, and asset-linked securitization; removal of fuel subsidies, and finally ensure transparent and ensuring public, parliamentary and creditors’ scrutiny of the public debts.

Title: THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF HIGH DEBTS PROFILE TO A DEVELOPING NATION: EMPHASIS ON NIGERIA

Author: Dr. Amieyeofori Valentine Felix, PhD

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research aimed to determine the teachers’ level of knowledge and attitude, stressors and coping mechanisms in handling learners with learning difficulties at Carcar City Division, Carcar City, Cebu for the school year 2019 - 2020. The twenty (20) respondents were selected using universal sampling technique. Survey and interview questionnaires were utilized to obtain the desired results of the study. Weighted mean, percentage, Chi – square Test of Independence, Pearson r and Colaizzi’s Method of Analysis were used in analyzing the data. Findings revealed that the teachers are moderately knowledgeable in handling learners with learning difficulties mainstreamed in an inclusive classroom setting. Moreover, teachers in Carcar City Division strongly support the integration of learners with learning difficulties in an inclusive classroom setting as shown in their positive attitude in handling these types of learners. Additionally, the teachers considered high extent of usefulness in utilizing various cognitive, social, emotional, physical and spiritual coping mechanisms to combat stressors while handling learners with learning difficulties.  There is a positive significant correlation between teacher’s level of knowledge, attitude and usage of coping mechanisms to their years of experience and highest educational attainment. Knowledge is also positively correlated to their level of attitude and usage of coping mechanisms. The stressors encountered by the teachers in handling learners with learning difficulties in an inclusive classroom are administrative concerns and support, parental issues and behavioral issues of learners with learning difficulties integrated with the regular students. Hence, the teachers of Carcar City Division handling learners with learning difficulties have observed a range of stressors that could have a tremendous effect to the teaching effectiveness.

Keywords: Special Education, teachers’ level of knowledge and attitude, learners   with difficulties, mixed method, Carcar City.

Title: Teachers’ Level of Knowledge and Attitude, Stressors and Coping Mechanisms In Handling Learners’ With Learning Difficulties

Author: Maribel L. Alegarbes

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study focused on determining the effectiveness of Modular and Recorded Video Lessons in teaching the subject Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health (MAPEH) and on identifying area of concerns based on findings. The modular and recorded video lessons presented to the respondents during class were designed by subject experts in Department of Education Carcar City Division. A quasi experimental method was used and a book-based pre-post-test was utilized as the main instrument in in determining if there was an increase in students’ performance after the delivery of the lessons in the second quarter. There were 50 students who participated in the study, a total of 25 students were exposed to modular lessons and another 25 students, to recorded video lessons. Results indicate that the performance level of the students from the modular group and experimental group increased significantly after the delivery of lessons however, there was no significant difference of performances between the control and experimental group in the post-test results. Hence, it can be concluded that the performance of both groups are comparable. The given results have been confirmed with a subjective assessment of students’ regard for learning with the use of the learning modalities. The findings of the study are recommended for consideration in the school’s effort for continual improvement in the delivery of quality education to students.

Keywords: MAPEH, recorded video lessons, quasi – experimental design, Carcar City division.

Title: Modular and Recorded Video Lessons in Teaching Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health (MAPEH)

Author: Allan C. Campugan Jr., Patrick M. Salinas

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper assessed the effect of training and development on employee performance using Bank BIC as the case study. The study focused on the objectives which sought to assess the effect of training and development on employee performance at Bank BIC, to determine the training and development practices and purposes at Bank BIC, and to determine the training and development policy at Bank BIC Namibia. A mixed research method was used with a sample size of 35 respondents. The study found that the majority (59.09%) of the respondents agreed that training and development are improving their job performance at the Bank BIC. The majority (50 percent) of the respondents strongly agree that training and development are important for growth at the Bank BIC. The majority (54.55 percent) of the respondents agree that training and development have improved their morale. The majority (50 percent) of the respondents on the job training is an efficient tool for learning new skills and improving current skills. The majority (40.91 percent) of the respondents agree that the training and development that employees received is relevant to their work. The majority (59.09 percent) of the respondents indicated that there was no specific training schedule at the Bank BIC. The majority (59.09 percent) of the respondents indicated that the objective of training and development at the Bank BIC is to improve performance. The majority (86.36 percent) of the respondents indicated that Bank BIC uses on-the-job training and that the training and development policy at Bank BIC entails involving all the employees in the training program and making them aware of the objectives of the training program. The study recommended that Bank BIC's training and development practices should be reviewed regularly, with an appropriate assessment of the organization's needs and identification of individuals' skills, knowledge, and educational backgrounds. On the other hand, the organization creates appropriate training methods for employees based on their abilities and educational backgrounds. The training and development program should be related to the needs of the employees and should be matched to the objectives of the organization and the training should be chosen based on a proper need assessment. This allows the organization to determine whether employees are comfortable with their jobs and work environments, as well as how they deliver quality service.

Keyword: Employee Performance, Employee Training and Development.

Title: THE IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN AN ORGANISATION: A CASE STUDY OF BANK BIC NAMIBIA (KHOMAS REGION)

Author: Viola Karungu Unengu, Dr. Bernardus Franco Maseke, Inamuvulwa Emvula

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals