Vol 10 Issue 3 July 2022-September 2022

Abstract: A) The expression "politics" derives from the Greek word "Polis", which means city.

Hence this first approach to the concept of "politics" and which he understood or defined as the government of the citizens, that is, that activity of leading the men who live in the city.

However, it must be noted that the concept of city that the Greeks had does not correspond to what we have today of that notion.

Currently, we understand by city that material infrastructure consisting of buildings, streets and squares that form a material unit, which, depending on its size, we call metropolis, city, town, hamlet or hamlet.

For the Greeks, the city was the set of citizens, and understood as such the inhabitants who had or held the legal status of citizens.

Given the above, in an example of the present era, we could point out that not all the inhabitants of our country are Chileans, but only those who hold our nationality.

Being Chilean is a legal category; not all people living in Chile are; they also exist, from the national perspective, they are foreigners.

Title: INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL THEORY

Author: Maris Gayava

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 132-135

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Published Date: 20-July-2022

Abstract: Fascism arises when workers' militancy falls, it takes place in countries of late industrialization where the demands on the state are very strong. In Italy landowners played a very important role. The bourgeoisie plays a very important role in the unification of the state, but not in the fascist movements of democracy. In these countries, especially in Austria and Germany, liberalism is anticlerical and undemocratic, very conservative in nature. The bourgeoisie facilitates the rise of fascism to power. After the IGM, Europe is divided into two blocs: democratic and non-democratic. In the countries where the interwar crisis went better, democracies were established for a longer time, their cultural traditions, the commitment of the parties to democracy and the functioning of the institutions were much better. These institutions persist in the transition from one regime to another, authoritarian regimes turn to the right. There are 4 modes:

Title: Fascism and democratization

Author: Daze Putina

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 127-131

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Published Date: 20-July-2022

Abstract: Democracy is the most universal political concept and with the best image of all political theory. what is already indisputable is “when can democracy be given?”, where dictatorships have taken the opportunity to allow democracy when it could be (in their opinion), which in a way legitimizes them and / or gives them a lot of coverage. The truth is that Democracy is susceptible at any time or place.

Title: Democracy Theory

Author: Janis Piils

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 124-126

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Published Date: 19-July-2022

Abstract: Feudalism comes from foedus, and means "pact." Thus, this society would have as a basic element a pact, a pact between the lord (who has land to survive and who protects it) and the vassal (who, through the pact of vassalship, enters the economic system of his lord to survive ). The western world is divided into small tribes with a self-sustaining economy (the feudal economic structure). The political system itself feeds back and accentuates this position (the lords are rewarded, and the King works with his own resources, unable to fully control his entire kingdom, he is a primus inter pares [the “first among equals”]). The conquered lands serve as payment to those who serve the King to expand territory (that is to say, that when conquering territory, the power of the King was fragmented, reason why the construction of new kingdoms or empires was impossible). The barbarians admired the Roman Empire, and wanted to seize it or imitate it, but they were not who. The self-consumption model generates a fragmented political system that serves the interests of the economic system. Only the change of economic system will be able to make the political system evolve. [High Middle Ages, ss. V-X; Low Middle Ages, ss. X-XV. The 1st stage is the Middle Ages proper, the 2nd stage is almost the Renaissance]. The change in the Middle Ages is what has been called the Urban Revolution or the reconstruction of European urban power. Rome had great cities, but its fall had ended the supremacy of the cities. When Europe can rebuild urban power (10th-11th centuries), it results in the emergence of new cities (such as Santiago de Compostela) and the reconstruction of old ones. But this required a change in the economic structure, thanks to the emergence of crafts and the bourgeoisie, thanks to the pacification of Western Europe and the settlement and assimilation of the barbarians. It begins to settle down to grow the population and improve agriculture, so there are surpluses. When this happens, we begin to seek to improve life: better homes, music, rebirth of literature ...

Title: Feudalism

Author: Ieva Ozils

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 120-123

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Published Date: 19-July-2022

Abstract: The European Union (EU) is a geopolitical entity that covers much of the European continent. It is a unique economic and political association in the world, made up of 28 countries. Since the 1960s, Brussels has established itself as the capital of the EU, where most of the EU institutions are concentrated and where most officials and officials live. The EU has a single currency, a flag, an anthem and Europe Day, which is celebrated every 9 May.

Title: WHAT IS THE EUROPEAN UNION?

Author: Valdis Pētersons

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 117-119

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Published Date: 19-July-2022

Abstract: The political activity is:

• Free and independent: because it is not subject to any rules, norms or legal norms

• Different: to other activities performed by man

• Self-sufficient: because it is self-sufficient

• Autarkic: because it is governed by its own laws.

• First cause: because it is a generating cause, not only of itself but also of everything else.

Title: STATE THEORY

Author: Marija Eglītis

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 111-116

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Published Date: 19-July-2022

Abstract: In this text, the author proposes an analysis of how developed countries have acceded to a democratic regime during the twentieth century, proposing the resolution of two paradoxes traditionally posed by Marxism and classical economists, namely how it is possible what:

Title: DOMINATION OF CAPITAL AND EMERGENCE OF DEMOCRACY; THERBORN

Author: Pēteris Balodis

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 108-110

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Published Date: 19-July-2022

Abstract: Generally, chronological age is used to measure aging, and an older person is often called elderly if he or she is 65 or over. The aim was to assess the serum sodium, bicarbonate and potassium levels of Geriatrics in Ekpoma Edo State. A total of one hundred (100) subjects was recruited for this study which will consists of fifty (50) non elderly subjects and fifty (50) apparently healthy elders subjects as control in Ekpoma, Edo State. Subjects data such as name, age and gender was obtained. Sodium, potassium and bicarbonate was estimated using Ion selective electrode . The mean and standard deviation of control group for sodium (mmol/L) was 124.5417±19.3704  and test was 128.9600±15.85739. For Potassium (mmol/l), the control was 4.1625±0.65129. For Bicarbonate (mmol/l), the control was 19.4583±9.98250 while for the test it was 21.760±11.801. However, a  non statistical (P>0.05)  significant was observed . However, a non significant was observed when compared to the control and there was no significant. In conclusion, the result from this study showed that no significant difference was observed in geriatric electrolytes levels and even in relation to sex. More studies can be carried out to confirm the result of this study. Elderly individuals should take more solutions to improve their electrolytes levels.

Keywords: chronological age, older person, serum sodium, bicarbonate and potassium levels, electrolytes levels.

Title: ASSESSMENT OF SERUM SODIUM, BICARBONATE AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN GERIATRIC RESIDENTS IN EKPOMA AND ITS ENVIRON

Author: Eidangbe, A.P, Ohiwerei, W.O, Omokaro, I.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 101-107

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Published Date: 18-July-2022

Abstract: Before the digital era, tourists relied on magazines, brochures, and television for travel information. In contrast to travel blogs and vlogs, travelers can get more definitive information from vloggers who share first-hand experiences. The research generally aimed to determine the effect of travel vlogs on millennials' decision-making when it comes to traveling around the Philippines. The research was descriptive and aimed to describe a population, occurrence, or event accurately and scrutinizingly. The research used structured questionnaires and exploratory data analysis to gather and analyze data and identify possible connections between variables. Travel vlogs boost a destination's credibility and reputation, according to the researchers' findings. After visiting a destination, thinking about it, and evaluating it, people are more likely to want to return. 

Keywords: Travel vlogs, Travel destination, Millennials, Travel vloggers, Travel motivators.

Title: The Influence of Travel Vlogs on Millennials’ Decisions to Visit Local Travel Destinations

Author: Kurt Wilson S. Arias, Paul Anthony A. Angob, Wiro Glenn R. Ereje

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 83-100

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Published Date: 16-July-2022

Abstract: Language and culture are two crucial factors in building any civilization; they undoubtedly work alongside and have influenced each other for generations. This study aims to measure to what extents do the ELT textbooks applied in Libya reflect the cultural references; native culture, target culture, international culture, and culture free. It also observes the cultural categories that have had the most emphasis and subdivided into subcategories highlighted afterwards. In order to achieve this, this research makes a comparison between the ELT textbooks conducted in Libya and selected two different textbooks belong to different series to collect the necessary data, the first one is the Second Preparatory English textbook out of the ELT series English for Libya which are applied for the 8th grades in the Libyan public schools. Whereas the second textbook is the first level of the Face2Face Starter series which is Face2Face Starter and it is published by the Cambridge University Press and applied by the language teaching institutions in Libya. In order to analyse the cultural content in the textbooks, the study used the model prepared by Ramirez and Hall (1999:53). The research ends up with many interesting findings that are clarified the dominance of the native culture, a humble presence of the international and free culture, in addition to a poor existence for the target culture. Out of the percentages of the cultural categories and subcategories, the study shows the Libyan textbooks’ high interest in the Social, Personal, and Environmental categories at the expense of Political and Religion categories. Whereas the international version of ELT textbook Face2Face tend to focus on all these categories evenly and in a balanced way except the Religion category which show less attendance in general.

Keywords: native culture; target culture; international culture; cultural categories; cultural references.

Title: CULTURAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE ELT TEXTBOOKS IN LIBYA

Author: İman Ramazanoğlu, Dr.Öğr.Üyesi Eyyüp YAŞAR KÜRÜM

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 76-82

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-July-2022  

Amendment Date: 21-July-2022

Abstract: Many English language teachers find it difficult to get students speaking. Language courses usually include activities focusing on accuracy rather than activities focusing on fluency or communication. Therefore, collaborative learning through pair work and group work has been a key research topic recently. The current study aims to explore EFL instructors’ perceptions of pair-work and group-work speaking activities at international schools in İstanbul. To achieve the objectives, mixed-methods research combining elements of qualitative and quantitative data was undertaken with a view to collecting and analysing them. A questionnaire in which 100 English language instructors were the participants and an interview with 10 instructors was administered by the researcher. The data of the questionnaire were analysed statistically by using SPSS while the data of the interview were analysed qualitatively by using MAXQDA. In the light of the findings, the participants exhibited positive attitudes towards using pair-work and group-work speaking activities in the classroom. They also stated that they implemented pair-work and group-work activities to develop learners’ speaking skills. The findings revealed that the students preferred to adopt collaborative learning through pair-work and group-work activities due to having a high level of motivation, developing social skills, being active, and enhancing learner autonomy. The study found that English language teachers did not benefit from pair-work and group-work activities because students tended to use their first language and also teachers did not monitor learning well. Due to the significant role of pair work and group work in a successful language learning process, suggestions and recommendations for a further study to develop fluency have been made.

Keywords: Pair Work, Group Work, Speaking Activities, Speaking Skill, EFL Instructors, International Schools.

Title: EFL INSTRUCTORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF GROUP-WORK AND PAIR-WORK SPEAKING ACTIVITIES AT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS IN İSTANBUL

Author: Yamen Bondouck, Osman SABUNCUOĞLU

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 62-75

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-July-2022

Abstract: Stress creates a negative reaction to situations happening in an environment. Identifying the factors that triggers stress helps in creating a solution in which stress can be properly handled by individuals at any given time. Development of stress management program is formulated by identifying the different stressors in which the respondents has given the researchers. Front of the house hospitality employees often encounters stress triggers due to various factors. Insufficiency of research on identifying the different stress factors on frontline hospitality employees necessitate the direction of this research.  This paper analyzed responses of the front of the house hospitality employees of the City of Dream Hotel in Manila regarding the different stress factors that the respondents encounter to formulate a stress management program. Furthermore, this study made use of a researcher-made online questionnaire which was administered to 50 respondents in different departments that encounters hotel guests face to face. The results showcase that the respondents have variety of factors triggering stress affecting the respondents.  This implies that the stress management program created to tackle the different problems, is to create positive reinforcement to the different factors that triggers stress to the respondents.

Keywords: Stress Management, Factors of Stress, Front of the house Hospitality.

Title: Stress Management on Factors Affecting the Frontline Hospitality Employees in City of Dreams Hotel, Manila

Author: Mary Joy M. Pialago, Louis Andrei E. Rodrigo, Dominic Arthur M. Tolentino, Ms. Mae Casiles

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 50-61

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Published Date: 14-July-2022

Abstract: There have been a lot of people visiting Tagaytay City as one of the best tourist spots in Cavite. Due to the natural disaster – The Taal Volcano eruption, many establishments have been greatly affected especially Filipino Restaurants with alfresco dining and those near the Taal volcano. Because of the disaster, the researchers aimed to determine and analysed the gathered data concerning the significant difference of recovery strategy of selected Filipino restaurants with alfresco dining in Tagaytay City. The study's main concept is a recovery strategy. This concept has 5 factors examined by the researchers including Human Resources, Natural Resources, Capital Resources, Technology, Social and Political. Descriptive methods and online survey questionnaires via google forms were used to collect data and information. The respondents were the selected restaurant’s Managers and staff. The results show that the restaurants recovered by focusing on Human resource, Technology, Social and Political factors. The respondents perceived that giving proper training and seminars greatly benefited the recovery of the establishment. The results also show that the selected restaurants have no significant difference between demographic profile, and factors such as Human resources, Natural resources, Capital resources, technology, and Social and Political.

Keywords: Natural Disaster, Quantitative Research, Recovery Strategy, Tagaytay City.

Title: Recovery Strategy of Selected Filipino Restaurants in Tagaytay City

Author: Lorenzo Martin Becina, Margoe Dela Cruz, Darren Angelo Torres, Ailene Rolle

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 32-49

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Published Date: 14-July-2022

Abstract: The protection of women in a conflict situation is topical in the conflict in the English Speaking regions of Cameroon where the challenges women have been facing is a cause for concern. Why are women suffering the brunt of the conflict? What is the position of the law/government in protecting the citizens in times of conflict and how effective is the protection? The study employs the qualitative research methodology where both the primary and secondary sources of information are used in addressing the above worries together with interview and focus group discussions of some relevant stakeholders on their impression about the conflict. Findings reveal that women have suffered negative effects since the conflict began as wives, mothers, peace crusaders or as silent civilians when compared to the effects on their male counterpart even though women did not take part in the cause of the conflict. The respect and protection of the rights of citizens especially women who are the vulnerable group during the conflict are not effectively guaranteed. The government should institute adequate measures to ensure the effective implementation of the laws guaranteeing the rights of the citizens and to take holistic approach to peacefully end the conflict that has negatively affected the population as a whole.

Keywords: Women, Protection, Rights, Conflict, Cameroon.

Title: Protection of Women in a Conflict Situation: Lessons from the Conflict in the English Speaking Regions of Cameroon

Author: Patience Munge Sone

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 20-31

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Published Date: 13-July-2022

Abstract: This article is a look at the application of Marzano’s Dimensions of Learning in a post-secondary vocational college in rural Saudi Arabia by instructors, who have had no training in the implementation of the Dimensions of Learning, by way of objectively observing and then critically analyzing the lessons, followed by giving evidenced-based recommendations to ensure a more learning and thinking oriented lesson delivery. The lessons observed were vastly different as one lesson was a beginning level English as a Foreign Language lesson which introduced a topic, while the other was a vocational-technical lesson serving as a final review. Briefly noting previous studies and recommendations of research done in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the article will conclude that the Dimensions of Learning model is worth investigating further in vocational education in Saudi Arabia.

Keywords: Dimensions of Learning, International Technical College, English as a Foreign Language, Vocational Education, Saudi Arabia.

Title: Marzano’s Dimensions of Learning: Observations from a Technical College in Rural Saudi Arabia

Author: William D. Monroe, Jr.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 13-19

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Published Date: 12-July-2022