Vol 7 Issue 4 October 2019-December 2019

Abstract: This paper chronicles the concept of organizational justice initiative in management theories and practice. Extant literatures were reviewed and outcomes compared with the objectives of the pioneers of management thinkers and philosophers (the behavioral school of thought). The paper observed that the concept of organizational justice which delineates fair treatment at work is timely and deeply rooted in the argument of the behavioral school of thought . The behavioral school of thought is being guided to a very large extent the processes of industrial psychology and sociological analysis of behavior. The paper concludes that social actions and interactions such as perceived fair treatment determine behavior at the workplace which is greatly responsible for all the organization outcomes including performance and organizational citizen behavior.

Keywords: Organizational justice, Distributive justice, Behavioral school of thought, Procedural justice.

Title: Organizational Justice Initiative and the Behavioral School of Thought

Author: LAFEGHA, Keme H., MENE, Charity T., OSHO, Adesina A.

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The study sought to establish how branchless banking technology can be used as an effective tool for the success of financial inclusion strategy of a bank. A descriptive research design was used with 108 respondents from strategic management and IT staff of Atlas Mara bank and three Mobile network operators. The study established that the type of branchless banking technology the bank uses for financial inclusion were prepaid cards and mobile banking represented by all respondents. However the banks technology was not effectively utilised represented by a high percentage who indicated average usage. The results further showed that majority of respondents indicated the importance of branchless banking technology as reducing risks, costs and improves convenience and accessibility. Branchless banking services were not accessible to previously unbanked due to accessibility challenges and convenience which are limited by the banks lack of technology capacity and infrastructure. Therefore the finding concluded that there was need for the bank to engage in partnerships with Mobile network operators and agents, engage in product awareness and sensitisations; and advance product innovations to sort out the gaps in effective delivering of innovative products and achieving their financial inclusion strategy. The study contributed by providing solutions to the gap in attaining financial inclusion despite the fact that banks have rolled out branchless banking products.

Keywords: Financial Inclusion, agent based branchless banking, mobile banking, kiosk, prepaid cards.

Title: ADVANCING BRANCHLESS BANKING TECHNOLOGY AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A CASE STUDY OF ATLAS MARA BANK

Author: Chileshe Matesi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze multigenerational interconnectedness among college students and their grandparents. The study used three scales, the Family Quality of Life scale (FQOL) with 16 items, Multigenerational Interconnectedness scale (MIS) with 30 items and Quality of Relationship Inventory scale (QRI) with 25 items. A total of 201 undergraduates from a State University participated in the study. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 51 years. The participants were 32% male and 68 % were female. Data was collected in a classroom setting during fall of 2018 in a college setting. The findings indicates participants who are dissatisfied with life and concerned financially scored lower on multigenerational interconnectedness and family quality of life than those who are satisfied with life. In addition, participants who are dissatisfied with life and concerned financially scored lower on quality of life except in conflict.

Keywords: Multigenerational, Interconnectedness, Quality of Life, Relationships, Parenting.

Title: Does Quality Multigenerational Interconnectedness Impact Family Quality of Life Among College Students?

Author: Abel Gitimu Waithaka, Rebecca L. Rupert, Caroline Kobia

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The change in municipal limits of statutory towns is done to bring geographical growth of towns under administrative limits in order to regulate the haphazard urban growth on the periphery of towns, to increase the municipal income by imposition of taxes on enterprises that come up outside the legal limits of urban centres and to facilitate the future growth of towns. With a rise in the number of municipal towns from 58 in 1961 to 79 in 2011 in Haryana, the area under them has increased from 319.39 km² to 1499.84 km². This represents an urban conversion of no less than 1180.45 km² of rural land that finds its explanation in the extension of municipal limits of as many as 59 towns. This paper attempts to analyse statistically the explanatory variables of territorial expansion of statutory towns in Haryana. It has been hypothesized that changes in the municipal limits of statutory towns is associated with their population growth, administrative status, non-agricultural workforce and location in respect of major roads. The statistical analysis confirmed close association of the variable ‘change in territorial jurisdiction’ of a town with the variables of ‘connectivity’ and ‘administrative status’; a weak, positive but statistically non-significant correlation with ‘population growth’ and no association with the variable ‘economic base’ of a town. Permanent loss of fertile agricultural land, rural-urban conflicts and the inability to revise municipal limits frequently and preferably much beyond the present urban built up leading to chaotic land use are some of the consequences of changes in the municipal limits of statutory towns. The present paper is an attempt to meaningfully analyse the causes and consequence of changes in municipal limits of statutory towns in Haryana. It is based on census data from 1961-2011.

Keywords: municipal limits, statutory towns, geographical growth, haphazard urban growth, urban conversion, explanatory variables, population growth, administrative status, non-agricultural workforce, connectivity, rural-urban conflicts and chaotic land use.

Title: Changes in Jurisdictional Limits of Municipal Towns in Haryana: An Overview of Causes and Consequences

Author: Dr. Parul Rana

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The financial success of a SACCO is measured by the profits that it makes. From the profits made, the directors have to make a decision on whether to retain or to distribute to the members as dividends. The decision seek to establish how much to distribute or retain, when and in which form. Several factors are considered while making the dividend decisions which includes; investment opportunities, profitability level, prior dividends and nature of earnings growth. Dividend decisions have an effect on the growth of the SACCO. The main objective of the study is to analyze the impact of dividend policy on the growth of SACCOs in Kiambu County. The study period will be a five year period i.e. 2013-2017. A descriptive research design was applied with a sample of 12 SACCOs which will be in operation in Kiambu County during the period under study. The population of interested consisted of the entire 56 active SACCOs in Kiambu County. Secondary data was collected using the financial statements of the SACCOs sampled for the period of five years.  Analysis of data was done using linear regression model and presented in graphs, tables, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics as was generated using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Regression model was used to establish the causal relationship between two variables, that is, a dependent (Sacco savings) and independent variables (dividend policy) and growth in membership. The study concluded that SACCO‟s savings have grown and increased due to dividend policy for the period under the study. The study also concluded that dividend policy led to increase in dividend yields of the SACCOs and had also improved while membership growth had also increased over the period under the study which increased Sacco‟s capitalization. The study concludes that there existed strong and negative correlation between dividend yield and SACCOs Savings .This was because increase in dividend yield led to increase in dividend payout in cash which negatively affected SACCOs Saving level. Further study concluded that there existed a significant strong positive correlation between Sacco‟s membership growth and SACCO Savings‟ as increase in membership increased Sacco‟s capitalization. The study further concluded that there was significant positive relationship between membership growth and SACCOs Savings as a unit increase in membership growth would lead to increase in SACCOs Saving. The study concluded that growth of savings and credit co-operative societies in Kenya were greatly affected by increasing dividend payout as a unit increase in dividend yield resulted into significant negative in SACCOs Savings. Based on the findings and conclusions of the study the following recommendations have been suggested in relations to effects of dividend policy and savings in SACCOs. The study recommend that SACCOS management should develop dividend policy that lower consumption of divided and increase savings rates in as this would lead to SACCO‟s savings increasing. The study found that earnings dividend policy creates certainty in the shareholders expectations but lower savings of SACCOs. The study found that a positive relationship between Sacco‟s membership growth and SACCO Savings‟ exists thereby indicating that increase in membership increase SACCOs capitalization hence increase SACCO growth. The study recommends that Sacco‟s management should lower dividend yield rate and increase income investment to increase growth of SACCOs. Growth of savings and credit co-operative societies in Kenya were greatly affected by increasing dividend payout as a unit increase in dividend yield resulted into significant negative in SACCOs Savings.

Keywords: dividend payout ratio, form of dividend, frequency of dividend payments.

Title: IMPACT OF DIVIDEND POLICY ON THE GROWTH OF SACCOs IN KENYA

Author: Joseph Wambugu Muchira, Dr. James Mwangi

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Local government units (LGUs) are the closest unit of government to the grassroots. And in the performance and execution of their devolved powers, duties and functions, the local human resources play a vital role. The underlying assumption here is that the quality of service delivered by LGUs lies on the competence of its personnel. However, since the local setting is highly influenced by culture of political patronage system, the system of merit and fitness is hardly observed. Thus, the competence of our local civil servants is at risk. The intent of the policy is to address the need to improve the competence of civil servants in the local bureaucracy, especially those in the low income LGUs. The methods used as basis for policy recommendation are interview of key informants and review of related literature. Furthermore, stakeholders are carefully analyzed to better understand their perspective on the problem together with their motivations and available resources. The goals of the policy are to instill competence among local civil servants and to ensure high quality of service delivery. Moreover, there are criteria set as basis for the most preferred policy recommendation. There are four alternatives considered and among them, the most preferred policy recommendation was to upgrade the minimum qualifications for permanent positions in the local bureaucracy. This was chosen based on the criteria listed and analyzed in this paper. But still, this policy paper provides for rooms of improvement for better resolution of the problem at hand.

Keywords: Local Government units, competence of civil servants, Local Bureaucracy.

Title: How to Improve the Competence of Civil Servants in the Local Bureaucracy?

Author: Aina Mari M. Sisante

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The study focused on the implications of the ASEAN University Network to its member universities in the Philippines, and its involvement with the Commission on Higher Education to provide an understanding of higher education internationalization in the framework of networked learning that develops and maintains connections which structuralize a platform and venue of collaboration. This study identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the regional university network, and the involvement of CHED to its operations. The interviews with the heads of departments concerned, complemented the discovered respective areas of implications from the related literature, as well as expounded the engagements done by, and with, the member universities and AUN. Despite the gaps, impartial information was acquired in the respective areas of the network. The findings of this research encapsulate the convergence of the implications of the ASEAN University Network to the member universities, and the key function of the involvement of the Commission on Higher Education for the expansion of the said regional network. The researchers thus recommend the identified areas of improvement to be considered for the network to formulate plans of action towards a robust and enduring AUN in achieving ASEAN integration.

Keywords: AUN, CHED, higher education institutions, internationalization.

Title: ASEAN University Network in the Philippines: Implications to the Member Universities and Involvement with CHED

Author: Aina Mari M. Sisante, Katrine Joy D. Azuelo, Godfrey Anthony D. Bañares, Kyle L. Bonador, Marielle Erika V. Placio

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: In general, young people are perceived to be persons with an insatiable desire to explore the world of inter-personal, social, technological, and professional engagement as they enter the halls of the university and its challenging environment.  As their young age affords them physical agility, mental idealism and active skills for human interaction, it is often ignored that college students possess a delicate sensitivity towards things religious or spiritual. This study is an attempt to discover and understand the transcendent aspect in the lives of the college students of a Central Visayan University in order to be able to address the possibility of assisting in their total growth and development.  A survey was made through cluster sampling of students taking up the required religion classes in the first semester of 2015-16, with 427 students responding to the challenge. From the responses to the provided 5-page questionnaires, the results were gathered and analyzed. The results allowed the revelation of the existing values relating to religious and spiritual convictions of the students. The study revealed that students from a Central Visayan University have high levels of religious and spiritual consciousness and commitment. This offers the university personnel and faculty directly responsible for the conduct of classes and community programs to discover ways to more effectively contribute to the religious and spiritual growth of the students.  The work was not an exhaustive project and can be seen as a springboard for further explorations in this area of student development, efforts that are highly encouraged and recommended.

Keywords: spirituality, religiosity, transcendence, values, church, education.

Title: Transcendence in Higher Education: Religious and Spiritual Values of College Students in a Central Visayan University

Author: Ramil R. Marcos

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This is a study about the impact of a Central Visayan University in the Philippines to the religious practice and spirituality of college students. Within its academic training and its community, culture, and life, the university offers curricula and varied campus activities meant to deepen the religious and spiritual aspects of its college students. This paper seeks to identify how these academic and campus programs make an impact on the religious and spiritual component of the whole-person development that is the vision of the university.  A survey was made through cluster sampling of students taking up the required religion classes in the first semester of 2015-16, with 427 students responding to the challenge. From the responses to the provided 5-page questionnaires, the results were gathered and analyzed. Also included are 39 members of the faculty and staff who are employed in the student affairs section of the university. The results revealed that academic courses in religion and campus programs meant for the nurturance of the students’ life of faith answer the spiritual quest of the young people who attend the university. It is hoped that this paper can help the relevant persons and offices of the university to examine the effectiveness of the programs, both academic and community, geared towards religion and spirituality in order to better assist the full development of college students. The research is not an exhaustive attempt and thus can inspire further explorations on related areas and concepts. These explorations are in fact, highly recommended.

Keywords: Religion, spirituality, whole-person development, community, academics.

Title: Maturing in Faith: Exploring the Impact of a Central Visayan University on the Growth in Religious Practice and Spirituality of College Students

Author: Ramil R. Marcos

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to venture on the life and works of Jose P. Laurel throughout his term as the Philippine President of the Philippines during the Japanese Occupation. It focuses on exposing the theoretical foundation of his philosophy by the use of a descriptive analysis of his life in order to categorize his own political thoughts. This study also includes the praxeological foundation of his philosophy deemed essential assessing Art of Diplomacy. His negotiations and dealings with the Japanese and the Filipinos are used to delineate his own diplomatic strategies to align it with the Art of diplomacy. The outputs from the gathered information composing his political philosophy in the art of diplomacy are used to provide additional substantive evidences to negate the issue of the Puppet Presidency.

Keywords: Jose P. Laurel, Political Philosophy, Art of Diplomacy, Negations, Puppet Presidency.

Title: The Political Philosophy of Jose P. Laurel in the Art of Diplomacy

Author: Aina Mari M. Sisante, Chezca Mae O. Alfuerto, Julia Francine M. Bagay, Angelica Suzette B. Digno, Jenieca D. Polancos

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: This study purports to discover the impact on society brought about by the many graduates who look back to the university as their Alma Mater. Stories of success, testimonies of accomplishments, and common knowledge of the greatness of not a few alumni point to the positive effect of Silliman education on the graduates who have become trailblazers in various areas of engagement in the world today.  This study will pursue the answer to such questions as: Do the graduates of this University leave a mark in society through their professional presence?  Does the education of this Central Visayan University motivated the alumni to engage the world in a positive and constructive spirit?  In what areas of life in society do former students of this University excel in performance and service?

Keywords: social impact, alumni, Sillimanian education.

Title: The Social Impact of Alumni of a Central Visayan University

Author: Ramil R. Marcos

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this research is to determine the factors related with the retention and turnover of the faculty members of Lyceum of the Philippines University-Cavite Campus. The study used descriptive-survey research design method. The data for this study was gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire and interviews with some faculty members and school administrators. The total respondents are 100 full-time and part-time teaching personnel of LPU Cavite. The researchers have drawn the following conclusions: an applicant applied at LPU-Cavite because of the convenience and accessibility of transportation to their residence, and they believed that they had a chance to develop their career in this institution. The faculty may intend to leave if there are better career development opportunities offered by other institutions. Based on conclusions, the researchers recommend the following: LPU should provide staff room for rent (minimal fee) to teaching personnel whose residence is located distantly from the campus. LPU should provide continuous training for superiors regarding coaching and mentoring to be familiarized with different applications on how to establish acceptable superior-subordinate relationship. LPU should implement rotation of appointment since faculty are expecting for career development/movement.

Keywords: LPU Cavite (Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite), Retention, Turnover, Faculty Members, Teaching Personnel, and Human Resource Management.

Title: Faculty Retention and Turnover at the Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite: An Assessment

Author: Shirley Anne V. Gaspar, Mr. Reynaldo C. San Mateo, Antonio Jr. Arias

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was undertaken to identify the demographic information of the students of Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite, which affects their level of awareness towards Environmental Management System of the University. To attain its objectives, the study utilized a type of quantitative data which is descriptive design method particularly survey studies. The primary source of data that has been used in this study is an interview. The researchers conducted an interview to the head officer of “EMS” Environmental Management System. Mr. Erick Andal is a respective Science Professor from College of Arts and Sciences Department which he was the head of this “EMS” Environmental Management System or the Green Productivity Team. The secondary sources of data are from survey questionnaire which the researchers distributed to the students from different colleges and year levels. The other sources of data are through online environmental sites, blogs and other documentaries related to environmental problems, issues and programs. The participants who answered the survey questionnaire are approximately 370-400 students from different colleges and year level, provided in survey questionnaire for the fulfillment of the objectives of our research study.

Keywords: EMS (Environmental Management System), Green Productivity Team, Awareness, Students, and Teaching Personnel.

Title: Level of Awareness among College Students towards Environmental Management System Implemented within the Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite

Author: Shirley Anne V. Gaspar, Noah Gabriel M. Arrazola, Rue Japhet R. Arroyo, Elton Eugene S. Goco

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: In Kenya, the public sector has come under increasing pressure to improve performance and demonstrate greater transparency and accountability. This pressure has resulted in public sector organizations facing shifts in ways of operating. Various institutional change management strategies have been adopted by different public sector agencies, many of these cloning managerial practices from the private sector. This study sought to establish the influence of change management practices on performance of public sector organizations in Kenya, with special focus on Kenya National Highways Authority. The specific objectives were: to determine the influence of leadership support on performance of Kenya National Highways Authority; to establish the influence of external stakeholders the on performance of Kenya National Highways Authority; to assess the influence communication has on performance of Kenya National Highways Authority and to examine the influence of employee participation on performance of Kenya National Highways Authority. A case study research design was adopted. The target population for this study was stratified through top management level, middle level managers and low level management. The study population composed of 486 members of staff in different managerial levels currently working at Kenya National Highways Authority. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample of 215 respondents. The research used questionnaires. This was done to enhance its validity and accuracy of data to be collected. The research carried out a pilot study to pretest and validates the questionnaire. Quantitative data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics using SPSS (Version, 21) and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. The information was displayed by use of bar charts, graphs and pie charts and in prose-form. Content analysis was used to test data that is qualitative in nature or aspect of the data collected from the open-ended questions. The study conducted a correlation analysis to establish the strength of the relationship between the independent and the dependent variable. Multiple regressions were done to establish the influence of change management practices on performance of public sector organizations in Kenya, with special focus on Kenya National Highways Authority. The study found that leadership support had significant positive relationship with performance of Kenya National Highways Authority; external stakeholders involvement had significant positive relationship with performance of Kenya National Highways Authority; communication had significant positive relationship with performance of Kenya National Highways Authority, and employee participation had significant positive relationship with performance of Kenya National Highways Authority. The study recommends that KeNHA should ensure that their leaders are competent to ensure that they are able to develop strategy, create mission and motivate its employees to achieve the objectives of the company and build organizational culture, this will ensure that the performance of the company is improved; KeNHA should ensure that they involve all the stakeholders, both internal and external, in their activities; KeNHA should ensure that there is efficient and sufficient communication within the organization; KeNHA should ensure that they involve their employees in decision making and planning. The study recommends replication of the study in other public sectors in the country.

Keywords: leadership support, communication, external stakeholders involvement, employee participation.

Title: INFLUENCE OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS IN KENYA: A CASE OF KENYA NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY

Author: Paul Karicho Githumbi, Samson Nyang’au Paul

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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Abstract: Employees’ retention is one of the major concern of hospitality industry. Employees’ turnover is not region specific, it has become a barrier in growth of this industry worldwide. The current research paper focuses on the causes of high employee turnover in hospitality industry. The present paper investigate the literature available on similar context. A wide range of secondary data was collected to obtain in depth reasons for the problem. The study suggest many reason behind employees turnover such as less salary, social life is disturbed, long worked hours, incentive and vacations are very limited, late promotion and also some the women feel discriminated in the harsh culture of hotel.

Keywords: Hospitality Sector, Employees turnover, Employees retention, Management practices.

Title: HIGH EMPLOYEE TURNOVER IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW

Author: Mr. Ajay Ratewal

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

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