Vol 8 Issue 2 October 2020-March 2021

Abstract: The authors present their case studies from the last 20 years of septoplasty interventions. Preoperative CT was required in part of the septoplasty until 2016, especially in those endoscopic or associated with FESS, while it was routinely required in all surgeries from 2016 onwards. The authors analyze the advantages of preoperative CT and propose its routine use before each septoplasty operation.

Keywords: settoplasty, CT scan, endoscopy, turbinoplasty.

Title: The Use of Computed Tomography before Septoplasty

Author: Francesco Asprea, Annunziata Maceri

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Infertility happened when a couples age over than 30s with frequent intercourse trying to get pregnant for at least a year with no success. This proposal will be concentrate on the risk factors that can cause female infertility in women. Common thing about this, people know that female infertility is about women age over 30s had difficulty in having a child considering all the causes and risk factor that leads to infertility. As for the treatment, there are many of treatment that available but it is very difficult to diagnose and prevent the cause of fertility.¹

This study was using questionnaire survey method. This method was carried out by random distributing the questionnaire to semester 1 till semester 7 female medical student of Udayana University. Regarding this sensitive issue only 80 people willingly to participate. This shows the interest that every female medical regarding this issue.

Keywords: risk factor, female infertility, women age, treatment, female medical student.

Title: RISK FACTORS THAT LEAD TO FEMALE INFERTILITY

Author: MUGHNI SABRINA

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The term dermatitis is interchangeable and refer to a particular type of inflammatory reaction of the skin which may be triggered by internal or external factors. Occupational contact dermatitis is an exogenous eczema caused by the interaction of the skin with chemical, biological or physical agents found in the work environment. Contact dermatitis can be classified into allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis and contact urticaria. There are previous researches that showed findings on occupational contact dermatitis among hairdressers. Therefore, to find out if these findings have similar results in Klang Valley, Malaysia, a research was conducted among hairdressers.

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. This research was conducted among hairdressers in Klang Valley, Malaysia, Malaysia from the month of October 2020 to November 2020. The data was collected by filling up the data that was given in the questionnaire through a google form. Research was conducted among 76 samples that meets inclusion criteria whereas 3 samples meets exclusion criteria.

In was concluded that, the characteristics of occupational contact dermatitis among hairdressers in Klang Valley, Malaysia are hairdressers who has 6-10 years of working, working hours of 5-6 hours per day, hairdressers who has hair cutting as specified job, who use latex powder free gloves 1-10 hours per day, hairdressers who are not aware of the skin problem they have due to usage of the gloves. Not only that, hairdressers who have frequency of hand wash 10-15 times per day, have complaints on hand wash or liquids used to wash hands, have complaints on certain materials used during work and also hairdressers who have an atopic and allergic history are also the characteristics of occupational contact dermatitis among hairdressers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Thus, the prevalence of hairdressers who suffer from occupational contact dermatitis 63.2%.

Keywords: characteristics, occupational contact dermatitis, hairdressers.

Title: CHARACTERISTICS OF OCCUPATIONAL CONTACT DERMATITIS AMONG HAIRDRESSERS IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA

Author: Sashvini Subramaniam, Nyoman Suryawati, I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini, Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati Sudarsa

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: HIV is the shortened form for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus, such as the virus that causes the flu or cold. A virus is a minute particle that lives as a parasite in plants, animals, and bacteria. It consists of an inside (core) made of a substance known as nucleic acid and an outside (sheath) made of protein. AIDS is a shortened form for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a condition caused by HIV. This virus, as stated earlier, attacks the immune system, the body's "security force" that fights off infections. When the immune system breaks down, this protection is lost and can lead to the development of many serious, often deadly infections and cancers.

This is research is using based on descriptive cross sectional study in order to obtain data about the amount of knowledge students about the mode of transmission and the progression of the disease in Udhayana University. About 100 students from academic year 2015 and 2016 participated in this study.

Male participant from Udayana University who attended school in the city and also currently in their semester III has a much better awareness about Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) than the other male participants. Besides that, the female participants who has a better understanding and awareness on HIV is female participant who is from semester I and who went to city school.

In conclusion, In order to outspread such understanding and alertness more globally, implementation of awareness program should be established among the publics through social media, health talks and medical tours.

Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), deadly infections, cancers, health talks and medical tours.  

Title: AWARENESS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) AND BACKGROUNG KNOWLEDGE AMONG STUDENTS IN UDAYANA UNIVERSITY, BALI

Author: SHALINI S JAYA RAMAN

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The aim was to study the Visual outcome of keratoconus (kc) with  a corneal transplantation  technique Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Material and Methods: This Retrospective cross sectional study included 40 patients eyes with moderate to advanced keratoconus underwent Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Data were obtained by reviewing the records of 40 patients operated at National institute of Ophthalmology, Pune between June 2019 – June 2020 For Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty Surgery. Patient at least completed 6 months follow up. Medical records were reviewed for Demographic Details , Risk Factors , Surgical procedure, size of donor , post operative complication  and Visual outcome. According to the patient Record the Data was Measured and analyzed Statistically.

Result: Out of 40 Operated Patients with aged between 10 – 30 years were enrolled in this study. wherein Preoperatively , corrected distance visual acuity was >6/60( < 1.00 in log mar) in 18 eyes,  6/60(1.00 in log mar) in 11eyes, 6/36(0.8 in log mar) in 8 eyes, 6/24( 0.6 in log mar )  in 3 eyes. After performing the Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty . the corrected distance visual acuity was  after 6 month 6/12 ( 0.3 in log mar ) in 6 eyes ,  6/18( 0.5 in log mar )  in 11    eyes,  6/24( 0.6 in log ma r) in 9 eyes, 6/36 ( 0.8 in log mar) in 11 eyes , 6/60 ( 1.0 in log mar ) in 3 eye.Similarly , Pre operatively  18 patients (45 %) were in blindness categories according to WHO ; After performing  the Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty only 3 patients (7.5 %) were in blindness categories.

Conclusion: Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty should be procedure of choice in patient with keratoplasty  induced by keratoconus. This technique causes minimal  refractive change and provide rapid visual recovery for patient with  keratoconus.

Keywords: Keratoconus , DALK Surgery, visual outcome.

Title: A CLINICAL STUDY ON VISUAL OUTCOME UNDERGOING DALK (DEEP ANTERIOR LAMELLAR KERATOPLASTY) IN KERATOCONUS PATIENT

Author: Ms. Nisha Waghmare, Ms. Divya Sharma, Mr. Shishir Shukla

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) are kind of benign tumors with potential of aggressive and capability to metastase. GCTB is more common in Asia and occur around the knee. In Asia, most cases shown in men. Curettage alone has been the standard treatment for GCTB, but it has been associated with a relatively high risk of local recurrence ranging up to 35–40%. The study was cross sectional conducted with retrospective descriptive design. Samples of 38 patients diagnosed with Giant Cell Tumor of Bone (GCTB) at the Sanglah Hospital Denpasar Medical Record Installation, Bali for the period 2015-2019 were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS software to obtain distribution, frequency based on age, sex, tumor location, mitotic activity, recurrency. The case of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) of bone at Sanglah General Hospital

Denpasar Bali in 2015-2019 was 38 people, the patient characteristics were mostly women (65,8%) with an age range dominated by the 2nd to 4th decade or life (47.4%). Characteristics of GCT of bone indicate the location of the distal femur is the most common case (26,3%) with mitotic activity of 1 and 3 per 10 hpfs and only 5.3% of cases of recurrent GCTB. It was concluded that the case of gian cell tumor of bone (GCTB) of bone at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Bali in 2015-2019 mostly women (21-40) and the location of the distal femur is the most common case with mitotic activity of 1 and 3 per 10 hpfs and only 5.3% of cases of recurrent GCTB.

Keywords: clinicopathology, recurrenct, giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB).

Title: CLINICOPATHOLOGY PROFILE OF GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE IN RSUP SANGLAH 2015-2019

Author: Jude Arvind Raj K Gerald Anthony, I Wayan Juli Sumadi, I Made Gotra, Ni Putu Ekawati

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: India is experiencing rapid change in its population structure. According to the population census of India, the proportion of the elderly population is rising. About half of the elderly population in India is of poor economic status. Even though the Indian government is investing in primary health care services, healthcare utilization among the elderly is unsatisfactory. This study uses secondary data from the NSSO 71st round to understand the factors influencing healthcare utilization among the elderly. Variables were identified from the literature and selected from the data. The data is filtered to exclude the age group below 60 years. From those who are 60 years and above those who reported any ailments during the last 15 days of the survey were selected as samples for the study. The total sample selected for the study is 2853. Health care utilization among the elderly was found to be very high in this sample i.e. out of a total of 2853 samples who reported any ailment during the last 15 days of the survey, 2780 participants i.e. 97.4 percent utilized health care. In this study, there are two factors found to be associated with healthcare utilization among the elderly population, age, and economic independence.

Keywords: Healthcare utilization, Elderly, economic independence.

Title: Determinants of Health Care Utilization Among Elderly People: India’s Picture - An Analysis of NSSO 71st Round Data

Author: Sreena TV

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: A 29-year-old primigravida woman with multiple sclerosis (MS) underwent caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with the consultation of multidisciplinary team care involving Aanaesthetist, Obstetrician, Neonatologist, and Neurologist. The spinal anaesthesia was given following a lengthy discussion with her and her supportive husband. She had neither intraoperative nor immediate postoperative complications because of anaesthesia. No disease relapse or remission occurred in the 6months postpartum period. We used Pubmed, Medline, and Embase for literature with the aim to improve the management of spinal anaesthesia in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Keywords: Cesarean section, spinal anaesthesia, multiple sclerosis.

Title: CHALLENGES IN CAESAREAN SECTION UNDER SPINAL ANAESTHESIA TO A WOMAN WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Author: Thirukumar Markandu, S Mathanalagan, V.Thadchanamoorthy

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) happen to be one of the more common cancers all over the world. Of all head and neck cancers, 90% of them start in squamous cells. It has been researched that there are several risk factors that play a part in developing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The method of writing this article is systematic review, where the articles were published from 2012 to 2020 that focused on assessing the risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Assessment of the methodological quality of each article was carried out using PRISMA checklist. The results of the analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma risk factors are alcohol (p value = 0.001), HPV in the Oral cavity (p value = 0.0005), HPV in the Hypopharynx ( p value = 0.0005), HPV in the Oropharynx (p value = 0.0001), HPV in the Larynx (p value = 0.0001), < 5 missing teeth (p value = 0.001), Annual dentist visit (p value = 0.001), Daily tooth brushing (p value = 0.001), Gum disease (p value = 0.001), Betel nut chewing by people 16–30 years (p value = 0.000),  betel nut chewing by people >30 years (p value = 0.000),  people 16–30 years (p value = 0.000),  Male population who smokes ( p value = 0.001), Former smokers (p value = 0.001) and Current smokers (p value = 0.001). To conclude, after reviewing the studies and obtaining the results and discussing and understanding them, in this systematic review it can be said that the risk factors that have a significant association with patients that have head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Risk Factors, HNSCC, Risk Factors.

Title: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: THE RISK FACTORS OF HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Author: Nadia Rachel Rajaratnam Peter, Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa Manuaba, INW Steven Christian, Putu Anda Tusta Adiputra

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Objectives; The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors for MSAF and compare its outcome with clean amniotic fluid.

Methods: A case control study was done in a Teaching Hospital Batticaloa, Sri Lanka over a period of two months in 2019.Seventy-five pregnant mothers with meconium stained amniotic fluid and Seventy-five pregnant mothers with clear amniotic fluid, were enrolled in the study group.

Results; Majority of the study participants represented the 18 to 30 years age group (N=119:79.3%). A contributory association is observed Between induction of labour and child birth associated with meconium stained amniotic fluid (OR=2.05). Significantly higher number of babies with fatal distress were delivered by mothers identified with meconium stained amniotic fluid and significantly higher number of NICU admissions among them. It was possible to observe significantly higher number of normal deliveries among participants with meconium stained amniotic fluid and significantly higher number of child births occurred through LSCS were observed with meconium stained amniotic fluid.

Conclusion; Meconium stained amniotic fluid in labour is associated with fetal distress, surgical intervention of child birth and NICU admission following delivery.

Keywords: Meconium, Amniotic fluid, Child birth.

Title: RISK FACTORS FOR MECONIUM STAINED AMNIOTIC FLUID AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

Author: Thirukumar Markandu

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Urinary incontinence can be described as involuntary leakage of urine due to some factors which acts as variables that affects urinary incontinence. Failure to control urine in the bladder due to loss of voluntary control over the urinary sphincter arising in the involuntary passage of urine. The prevalence of urinary incontinence reported in population-based studies ranges from 9.9% to 36.1%, and is twice as high in older women as in older men. Prevalence rates are even higher in the elderly and amongst nursing home patients. It is estimated that the national prevalence of urinary incontinence in Indonesia is relatively high. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of urinary incontinence among elderly people in Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Nursing Home, Denpasar. This research was conducted from October to November 2020. This research was conducted by descriptive method using cross-sectional study. Samples were selected from the population based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The elderly people’s characteristics were described based on age, gender, relative factors and types. The results that we can find in this study is urinary incontinence among elderly people were mostly found in the elderly aged 60-74 years old (63.6%). Urinary incontinence among elderly people was more common in females (90.9%) than males (9.1%). Based on the body posture obese people (50.0%) are mostly affected by urinary incontinence. Furthermore, urinary incontinence dominates among women who are menopause 100,0%) than who does not. The underlying disease that mostly caused urinary incontinence among elderly people were diabetes mellitus (54,5%). This finding is useful because it can provide information about the characteristics of urinary incontinence among elderly people in Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Nursing Home.

Keywords: Urinary Incontinence, Elderly People, Characteristics.

Title: CHARACTERISTICS OF URINARY INCONTINENCE AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE IN NURSING HOME

Author: Sarmila Dewi Baskaran, Ida Bagus Putu Putrawan, I Gusti Putu Suka Aryana, Ni Ketut Rai Purnami

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a serious and common problem in patients with diabetic predisposition. S. aureus was the most common pathogen among the gram-positive bacteria isolated from ulcers, and almost 50% of S. aureus isolates are MRSA. Research shows 24.4% patients carried MRSA in three academic hospitals in Indonesia. Objective is to assess the characteristic of MRSA infection in diabetes mellitus. Method used is systematic review with inclusion and exclusion criteria through search engines obtained 236 journals that were reviewed. 8 journals is used as main references in writing this review. The data obtained are in the form of qualitative and quantitative data which are then arranged systematically and according to each topic discussed so that a conclusion is obtained that represents the entire content of the review. Patient with MRSA infection in diabetes mellitus are predominantly male, with obesity as a predominantly risk factor, neprhopaty as the most common complication, and treated with diabetic ulcer predominantly in grade 3-5 based on Wagner’s classification. One of diabetic ulcer first therapies is to use antibiotics, which type of antibiotic that is commonly used is Clindamycin. In conclusion, the characteristics of MRSA infection in diabetes mellitus can vary between patients due to environmental demographic, social, cultural, internal factors and other external factors.

Keywords: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Diabetes mellitus.

Title: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: CHARACTERISTICS OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) INFECTION IN DIABETES MELLITUS

Author: Priyangka Ramiah, Made Agus Hendrayana, Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Background: Urinary tract infection was first described by Roger in 1839 and since then considerable clinical experience and research have been done on this entity. UTI is one of the most common infections in pediatrics. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as localization of bacteria in the renal parenchyma, renal pelvis, bladder or the urethra irrespective of the fact whether the child is symptomatic or asymptomatic. It is an infection which affects any part of the urinary system. UTI leads to an inflammatory response in the epithelium of the urinary tract. Urinary tract infection can affect both lower and upper urinary tracts.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the antibiotic pattern of urinary isolates, most effective antibiotics for empirical treatment of UTI and evaluate the safety of the drugs given.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, we analyzed totally 96 subjects with Urinary tract infections in pediatrics department of Santhiram medical college and general hospital, Nandyal from June 2019 to November 2019. The study based on demographic data and prescription pattern, urine culture report, along with the antimicrobial sensitivity test were evaluated.

Results: In this study it was observed that females (56) were more prone to urinary tract infections when compared to males (40). Females and males age of 11 to 12 years were more prone to UTI. Males at age group of 7-8 yrs and females at age group of 5-6 yrs and 11-12 yrs were more prone to the staphylococcus, males of all ages are equally affected and females of age 9-10 and 11-12years are more prone to E.coli, Males of age 9-10 and females of age 1-2yrs were more prone to klebsiella Pneumoniae. It was observed that the females of age 11-12 years were more affected with cystitis when compared to males. It was also observed that organisms were sensitive to Cephalosporins (cefixime) and resistance to penicillins (Piperacillin, Ampicillin) in more number of patients and cefixime and amoxiclav are the drugs used for the cystitis. Of all 96 patients treated for UTI Cephalosporins (cefixime and ceftriaxone) were used in 59%, penicillins (Amoxiclav) were used in 29%, Aminoglycosides (Amikacin) were used in 4% and miscellaneous (Imipenem, Vancomycin, Nitrofurantoin) were used in 8%. 

Conclusion: In our study, most of the patients were positive for staphylococcus organism followed by E.coli and Klebsiella Pneumonia respectively. Among the culture positive patients those with staphylococcus organism were treated with amoxiclav and cefixime mostly, patients with E.coli were treated with ceftriaxone and patients with klebsiella were treated with Imipenem, Amikacin and ceftriaxone. Cefixime was used mostly for the patients with cystitis. The drugs involved in our study are rational with no drug interactions and other drug related problems.

Keywords: UTI, Organisms, Cystitis and Antibiotics.

Title: DRUG USAGE PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTICS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

Author: B.Padmavathi, B.Lavanya, S. Parveen, Dr. Anitha Edara, Dr. RE. Ugandhar, Dr. C. Madhusudana chetty

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic kidney disease means the degeneration of kidney function which can be seen in chronic type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic renal disease and a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. The development of the disease is known to occur in different type stages and is connected to glycemic and blood pressure control. Although, despite aggressive blood sugar control the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) I in diabetic people have not been seen in the last two decades: which has now lead to the recognition of new additional factors in the development. The two main risk factors for diabetic nephropathy are hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension, but the genetic susceptibility in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is of great importance. Other risk factors are smoking, dyslipidemia, proteinuria, glomerular hyperfiltration, and dietary factors. The nutritional station of the patient is a very vital and changeable factor that may influence CKD procedure and the result. It directly comes from the traditional diet choices that the patient makes base on poor nutritional recognition. Dietary management of DN victims is challenging, as the factors of diet overload on the kidney function required to be maintained with malnutrition. The single best evidence-based therapy for diabetic nephropathy is therapy with a RAS-blocking medication. The introduction of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents to this field had also added a wealth of knowledge. However, many of these agents are still waiting for well-designed clinical studies to prove their beneficial therapeutic role.

Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathy(DN), renal disease, Nano formulation, Diabetes mellitus(DM)

Title: Diabetic nephropathy and its therapeutic options: A Review

Author: Faruk Yusuf, Yousif Safaa Aldeen Subhi Al Daghestani, Manish Kumar, Indu Melkani, Dileep Singh Baghel, Bimlesh Kumar, Linu Dash, Anupriya, Varimadugu Bhanukirankumar Reddy, Amrik Singh, Amarish Kumar Sharma

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common diseases in the world, affecting millions of peoples every year, one of its most serious complications is diabetic neuropathy and the associated neuropathic pain resulting from various causes within the body of a diabetic patient, most commonly it is the nerve damage that causes this pain due to over accumulation of glucose in the body, but this is not the sole reason for pain generation. In this review article, different factors causing the pain in diabetic patients is discussed alongside with pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy to understand the mechanism of pain generation and it treatment options based on gene therapy techniques dealing with pain generation and sensation on cellular and molecular basis. Gene therapy is a modern revolutionary technique aiming at treating the cause of the pain rather than masking the pain sensation like conventional therapy techniques do, however, gene therapy is a novel technique which is still not fully developed and still have a number of challenges and limitations regarding its safety, effectiveness and cost.

Keywords: Neuropathic Pain, Gene Therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathy.

Title: Pharmacological approach for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain: A Control of discomfort using gene therapy

Author: Yousif Safaa Aldeen Subhi Al Daghestani, Faruk Yusuf, Manish Kumar, Indu Melkani, Bimlesh Kumar, Linu Dash, Anupriya, Varimadugu Bhanukirankumar Reddy, Amrik Singh, Amarish Kumar Sarma

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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