Abstract: (Afghanistan's jihad with aim to resist against aggressors essentially had begun since the entry of the Soviet Army into Afghanistan. In 1979, with the entry of the Soviet Army in Afghanistan, various resistance groups were raised, and their aim was the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan. Over time, these groups have become political parties, and at the top of each one of these parties were the influential persons. These persons who were generally called as General, commander or other special titles, had tried to achieve their party’s goals with more power. These goals were generally in two ways. One was the main goal followed by all these parties and groups, namely the resistance against to the Soviet Army until their full withdrawal from Afghanistan, and the other was special goal, which each of these parties and groups had, and that was gaining power and use this power to their own purposes, and also with power they would achieve more benefits from the situation at the time of withdrawal of the Soviet Army. It means that, at first this movement and jihad had a basic and acceptable value, it has tremendous value to the Afghan people, but when it changed to the parties and the groups, it lost its value, and in some cases even people hated them. After the withdrawal of the Soviet Army in 1989, the Afghan mujahideen had continued their resistance, and called for the abolition of communist rule. Until they reached this aim in 1992, the mujahideen came to power. The militancy of the all parties became so high, and for their benefits after the defeat of the communist government and the resignation of Dr. Najibullah, they destroyed Kabul city, and for four years they ruled with murders and civil wars in various parts of Afghanistan, especially in Kabul. All these wars and destructions had caused that the majority of people hated mujahideen groups. Many of them were badly named among the people, and the number of those who remained good was also scant. Even the most important reasons for the emergence of the Taliban were these actions of the mujahideen groups. Regarding the Mujahideen, and their regime, have been written various books and articles. Khalid Hosseini's novels (The kite Runner, A thousands splendid suns) are among the books that were deliberately describe Afghanistan’s political history in the format of novels, and in the novels had written about Kabul wars, civil war, Mujahedeen’s government and also about each one of the leaders in format of their actions. Because of the general review of the issues in these novels and also the global acceptance of these novels, I want to look at the issue of jihad and mujahedeen in these novels. In this article, I want to find out, how is the issue of jihad expressed in these novels? How are the leader’s character expressed? How he had narrative people's views about Mujahedeen?
Keywords: Afghanistan; jihad; mujahedeen; The Kite Runner; A Thousands Splendid Suns.
Title: Afghanistan’s Jihad and the Leaders of the Mujahideen According to the Books of Khaled Hosseini
Author: NAJM Ehsan Ahmad, RUBEN Ester
International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)
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