Abstract: The 1960s is a very significant period in the history of Africa as by the end of that era, most African States had achieved independence. This period also marked the end of seventy-five years of Western-European domination in the African Continent. Nevertheless, behind the veil of independence lay harsh realities of distressing developmental challenges as a result of political fragility, inappropriate institutions, unskilled human resources, rapid population growth, and the legacy of pre-colonial history. Ten years after independence, some African states experienced a deepening crisis of democracy signaled by a series of military coups as a result of tension between civilian and military leaders. A brief period of economic growth in the African States followed soon after independence however, African States quickly succumbed to economic recession from around 1969 which ballooned into a deepening economic crisis by 1979. World Bank and the International Monetary Fund offered financial support to African economies conditional to the adoption of Structural Adjustment Programmes however, two decades later these programs had failed to stimulate sustained economic growth. While it is difficult to analyze democratic governance and economic reforms in the entire African Continent, the examples of Ghana, Botswana, and Nigeria will provide a systematic assessment.
Keywords: Democracy, Democratic Governance, Economic Reforms.
Title: AN ASSESSMENT OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE AND ECONOMIC REFORMS IN POST-INDEPENDENT AFRICAN STATES: THE CASE OF GHANA, BOTSWANA AND NIGERIA
Author: Mwaniki J., Serem V., Ayuko N., Gisore B.
International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)
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