Abstract: The diaphragm, the most essential muscle of ventilation, develops negative intrathoracic pressure to initiate ventilation. Innervated by cervical motor nerve cells C3-C5 via the phrenic nerves, these two nerves offer both sensory and motor function to the diaphragm. With contraction, the cone-shaped muscle of the diaphragm decreases intrapleural pressure during inspiration and consequently helps with motion of air into the lungs. Diaphragmatic paralysis is an unusual, yet underdiagnosed reason for dyspnea.We provide 3 cases of symptomatic diaphragm paralysis where a clear clinico-pathologic diagnosis could be determined, specifically a vascular compression of the phrenic nerve in the neck caused by an adherent or tortuous transverse cervical artery. We suggest that vascular compression of the phrenic nerve in the neck may occur following iatrogenic or terrible injuries, and lead to symptomatic diaphragm paralysis.
Keywords: Red Cross Syndrome, diaphragm paralysis, cervical motor nerve cells.
Title: An Updated Review in the Management of Diaphragm Paralysis Related to Red Cross Syndrome: Systematic Review
Author: Ali Bakir Alsharif, Faisal suliman Alkheliwy, Amjad Mabrook Balabeed, Sultan Omar Albarakati, Essa Ibrahim Alhazmi, Fahad Abdullah Alhamdan, Zafer khalid Algarni
International Journal of Healthcare Sciences
ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)
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