Abstract: The discussions, debates and research on Pro-cancer and anti-cancer nature of MSCs have not yielded any clear conclusion yet. MSCs in this regards are specific, based on various factors like source of derivation, the specific cancer cells under study, in vitro or in vivo conditions provided in the study, to name a few. TRAIL (Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand) reportedly induces apoptosis in cancer cells; however, CXCL12/CXCR4 axis overrides most of the apoptotic signals and leaves TRAIL ineffective. These studies were performed on MSCs derived from the bone marrow and cord tissue. Perinatal tissue derived MSCs and MSCs induced by different factors have not been researched for this behavior.
Objective: To study anti-cancer nature of MSCs derived from sources such as perinatal tissues (Cord tissue, placenta and amniotic sac) and adipose tissues on two chosen tumor cell lines namely small cell lung carcinoma (A549) and prostate carcinoma (PC-3) cells. The use of modified MSCs, by inducing MSCs with TNF-α and LPS (Lipopolysaccharide) was the next objective. In this study, we focused on regulatory pattern of TRAIL and CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway genes, the various expression patterns of tumor suppressor genes, Tumor Activating Fibroblasts and the Wnt pathway genes.
Results: MSCs induced with TNF-α demonstrated better anti-cancer characteristics on A549 lung Carcinoma cells. There was practically no effect on PC-3 cells by any of the MSC types as evaluated through apoptosis and cell cycle assays. The results were backed by observations on the regulatory patterns of various genes.
Conclusion: TNF-α induced MSCs impose anti-cancer properties on A549 cells through a specific TRAIL mediated apoptotic activity. The detailed mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. PC-3 cells did not respond to anti-cancer cues using any of the MSC types. The Anti-cancer potential of MSCs is not likely to be uniform across cancers, and largely depend on the origin of MSCs and various other factors.
Keywords: anti-cancer nature, Anti-cancer potential, Carcinoma cells, Tumor Activating Fibroblasts.
Title: Anti-tumor Potentials of various Mesenchymal Stem Cell types using two known Cancer Cell Lines
Author: Sushilkumar Ramdasi, Chandra Viswanathan, Rohit Kulkarni, Abhijit Bopardikar
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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