Abstract: The genus Andrographis which belongs to the family Acanthaceae comprises about 40 species. Only a few are famous for their use in folk medicine for different health concerns. Carbohydrate, coumarins, glycosides, phenol saponin, steroids, and tannin are present in the methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata and Andrographis echioides. The efficiency of antimicrobial activity from the aqueous and various solvents extract of ethnomedicines were screened against gram-negative bacteria of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio cholera and gram-positive bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus lactis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial activity of A. paniculata showed the maximum activity in ethyl acetate extract among the tested crude extracts such as methanol, aqueous cold and boiled against the tested human pathogen The A. echioides showed maximum activity in ethyl acetate extracts is 30 mm against B. subtilis and E. cloacae, 28 mm against S. aureus, followed by 28 mm against P. aeruginosa, 25 mm against V. cholera and S. aureus in methanol extract, 24 mm against E. coli in ethyl acetate extract and 18 mm against L. lactis both ethyl acetate and methanol extracts and 19 mm against P. aeruginosa in methanol extract. The difference of the antimicrobial activity has dependent on the concentration and types of active principle present in the extracts.
Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, Andrographis echioides, human pathogenic bacteria, phytochemicals.
Title: Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Studies of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees and Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees
Author: Ramesh Narayanaperumal, Hari Poun Raj, Rajesh Govindan, Babu Rao Karasala, Rajanikanth Garapati
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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