Abstract: Introduction: Reactive 0xygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the development of oral cell carcinoma in tobacco and betel quid chewers. However they are scavenged by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Oral cancer is generally preceded by some precancerous lesion e.g.: Leukoplakia or precancerous condition e.g.: Oral Sub mucosal Fibrosis (OSMF). We investigated the effect of ROS in OSCC, OSMF and Leukoplakia patients.
Material and Methods: The study involved the analysis of various parameters using established standard methods. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px) activities were determined in the blood lymphocytes of patients with precancerous lesions (OSMF & Leukoplakia) and biopsy proven well differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma, enrolled in Oral Radiology department of Nair Dental College & Hospital and from healthy age and sex matched control. Plasma levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants β- carotene, Retinol, α-tocopherol and vit C and plasma levels of TBARS expressed as MDA was determined to find the extent of lipid per oxidation.
Enzyme activity was represented as mean ± S.D. and the data was analyzed statistically. Student –t was applied to study the comparison of mean enzyme activity of healthy control group with patient groups and correlation coefficients (r) were computed using SPSS software. A highly significant decrease in the levels of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px (P<0.001) was noted in cancerous group. In precancerous cases all the enzymes showed moderate to significant fall in the activities. A moderate to significant fall in the plasma levels of β- carotene, retinol VIT c and α-tocopherol was noticed in both the groups as compared to the controls.MDA level expressed significant rise (P<0.001) in precancerous and cancerous group as compared to control.
The antioxidant enzyme activity was reduced and lipid per oxidation was increased in oral precancerous and cancerous group.
Keywords: OSMF–Oral sub mucosal fibrosis, OSCC- Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ACD- Acid Citrate Dextrose. ROS - Reactive Oxygen Species.
Title: Antioxidant Changes in Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of Oral Cavity
Author: Dr. Sarita Basu, Dr. V. Naga Guhan
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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