Abstract: The development of industries and extensive urbanization has enhanced water consumption and pollution resulting from problems of industrial waste disposal. This Industrial development results in the generation of industrial effluents and if untreated it results in water and soil pollution. This study was carried out to check the impact of the effluent discharged by the vegetable-oil-producing industry and its possible environmental pollution level of the surrounding habitat. Of the collected and analyzed water and soil samples, it was found that all the isolated metals have their concentration in the water and soil ranging above that that was found in the control sample. A total of eight (8) heavy metals: Copper (Cu), Nikel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), and Cadmium (Cd) were identified from the water and soil samples collected. Of the eight isolated metals: Ni, Cr, Pb, Fe, Zn, and Cd were noted to occur above their respective permissible limits as approved by the Federal and State Environmental Protection Agencies. Pb was absent in soil sample A while Mn was not detected in water samples C,D and F and soil sample D, E and F. In reference to the control samples, all the water samples analyzed recorded Zn(27.39±0.02)ppm at water point B with a remarkably high concentration while in the soil samples, Fe was remarkably high in concentration followed by Pb.The concentration of Cu was found to have slightly exceeded that of the control which was put at (0.21±0.01)ppm only at water sample point B and E. Compared to the control (0.32±0.01ppm), Pb has shown all concentrations above that of the control sample, with a remarkable high concentration (13.94±0.02)ppm and (17.36±0.02)ppm in water samples of point A (effluent discharge point) and point D (mining point) respectively. The Physicochemical parameters measured and recorded for the different sampling points analyzed were: Total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, chlorine (Cl-) content, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solute (TSS), alkalinity, oil and grease. The samples were compared to a control sample and of all the parameters taken, three (TDS, turbidity and alkalinity) showed significant values above that of the control sample at most of the points with their values peaking at points B and C. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze results of the different sample points and mean differences were sorted out based on Tukey-Kramer’s Multiple Comparisons Test using InStat3 Software, 2013 ( significant at P<0.05) while paired sample t-test carried out to test for difference in means of concentrations (ppm) for both soil and water samples using SPSS software. Creating awareness of this finding to the public is recommended.
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Effluent, Pollution, Industry, Awareness, Physicochemical.
Title: Assessment of Heavy Metals and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Stream Associated With Vegetable-Oil-Industrial Effluent in Zawan Community, Jos South- Plateau State, Nigeria
Author: Gonap, B.J., Onekutu, A., Ebah, E.E
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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