Characterization of Groundwater Hydrochemistry using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

K.Vijai, S. M. Mazhar Nazeeb Khan

Abstract: Pennagaram block of Dharmapuri district was taken our study. In our study area groundwater is a major water system for household and agricultural improvement. During the year of 2013, eighty groundwater samples were collected from various locations in the study area. The various ground water parameters were analyzed and computing various statistical tools using SPSS software version 16.0. The descriptive statistics shows, the average of cations are Ca²⁺ ˃ Na⁺ ˃ Mg²⁺ ˃ K⁺ and anions are Cl^-> HCO₃^-> SO₄^2->NO₃^- > F^-. It shows the cations and anions are highly adjustable with water constituents. The major ions are mainly influenced by EC. Based on dendrogram, the more significant parameters modify the value of EC and TDS. It might be caused by change in spatial and temporal variation. Correlation and Factor analysis shows the impact of alkaline and alkaline earth chlorides are dissolution from the soil. At higher pH ionic exchange occurs between F^- and OH^- ions resulting in increase of F^- ions in groundwater. This result identifies the water quality factors and spatial variations of water quality for resourceful water quality management.