Abstract: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease involving skin and peripheral nerves. It is present in different clinico-pathological forms depending upon immune status of the host. This study has been conducted to know the correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis of leprosy. This was a retrospective study conducted in department of Dermatology of tertiary care centre. All patients visiting to Dermatology out patient department during the period of January 2013 to May 2015 were enrolled in the study in whom leprosy was clinically diagnosed or suspected. Clinical and histopathological findings were retrieved from the records and analyzed. A total of 112 patients were studied, of them 64 (57.1%) patients were males and 48 (42.9%) females. Clinically borderline tuberculoid (BT) was diagnosed in 32 (28.5%), tuberculoid (TT) in 4 (3.5%), lepromatous (LL) in 8 (7.1%), borderline lepromatous (BL) in 4 (3.5%), indeterminate in 2 (1.7%) and relapse in 2 (1.7%) patients. Out of 112, type of leprosy could not be specified in 52 (46.4%) and in 8 patients classical clinical features were not noted, so Hansen’s disease was kept as a differential diagnosis. On histopathological evaluation, epidermal changes were noted in 31.2% and dermal changes were following; granuloma (41.2%), dermal infiltrate (12.5%), adnexal infiltrate (8.1%), nerve infiltrate (10.7%), adnexal with nerve infiltrate (6.2%), perivascular with adnexal infiltrate (19.6%) and nonspecific (1.7%). Predominant dermal lympho-histioctytic infiltrates were seen in 50 percent of the cases. Borderline tuberculoid and tuberculoid was the most common histo-pathological diagnosis among patients with 28% and 48% respectively, followed by Indeterminate 16%, LL and BL 2.6% each. When clinical and histopathological diagnosis was correlated it was found that the parity was noted in TT, BT and LL were 66.6%, 56.2 % and 12.5% respectively. Three patients had leprosy out of 8, in which Hansen’s disease was kept as a differential diagnosis. The study being retrospective the uniformity in clinical diagnosis and histopathological evaluation could not be assessed. With the limitations this study still give information about the importance of histopathology to diagnose Leprosy and for proper treatment.
Keywords: Leprosy, Histopathology, Ridley-Jopling.
Title: CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION IN LEPROSY: A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BASED STUDY
Author: Dr. Veeresh. Dyavannanavar, Dr. Satish. Belagatti, Dr. Shashikant
International Journal of Healthcare Sciences
ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)
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