Abstract: Levels of heavy metals: lead, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper and cadmium which were incorporated as glazes in the production of ceramic wares were analyzed in different ceramic materials using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The ceramic materials analyzed were spoon, pot, soup bowl, plate, mug and cup. Atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis of the ceramic wares sampled revealed varying concentrations of these metals. The results obtained for the six metals in six ceramic samples ranged between 13.7075 mg/kg and 140.905mg for lead; 101.565 and 233,01 mg/kg for chromium, 0.1325 and 3.63 mg/kg for cadmium; 44.3325 and 1449.047 mg/L for manganese; 61.0625 and 1033 mg/kg for zinc; and 0.2350 and 6.260 mg/kg for copper. The levels of lead, manganese, zinc, chromium and copper in all the wares analyzed were above the permissible limits while the levels of chromium in all the wares analyzed with the exceptions of mug were above the permissible limits of World Health Organization (WHO) and Society of Glass and Ceramic Decorators. The result implies that the continuous domestic use of these wares pose potential danger to the end user. Consumption of food and drinks from these ceramic wares has attendant health implications owing to the toxicity of these metals, which could include; kidney and liver damage, loss of appetite, insomnia, chest pain, diarrhea, renal dysfunction, pneumonia and impotence in both men and women. The results were subjected to Pearson correlation analysis to see if some metals were interrelated with each other. The negative correlation observed between these metals indicated that the metals were probably not from the same source and that the presence of one does not affect the presence of other significantly. Similarly, the positive correlation between the metals indicated that they may probably be either of the same source or that the presence of one may affect the other.
Keywords: Ceramic, heavy metals, leaching, permissible limits.
Title: Determination of Some Heavy Metals from Domestic Ceramic Products Used In Kaduna, Nigeria
Author: IDRIS M.K, OYEWALE A O, HAUWA M.S.H
International Journal of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-5736 (Online)
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