Abstract: Haemonchus contortus is the most pathogenic parasite inhabiting the abomasam of sheep and goats worldwide causing the dreadful disease haemonchosis. Chemical anthelmintics are used to treat gastro intestinal nematode infection in small ruminants. However, this treatment is costly, leaving residues in animal products and drug resistance has evolved in parasites. Therefore, there is need for developing cheaper, less toxic and eco-friendly novel drugs. Medicinal plants offer an effective alternative source. In this current study, effect of ethanol extracts of Syzygium aromaticum (SaEE) and Trachyspermum ammi (TaEE) on the Pyruvate kinase (PK) and Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) of H. contortus was studied in vitro. H. contortus were exposed to five different sub-lethal concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mg/ml) of ethanol extracts of SaEE and (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml) of TaEE for 2, 4 and 8h. Both control and drug-treated worms were assayed for PK and PEPCK. Maximum level of inhibition in both PEPCK and PK activities were observed in drug-treated worms at 0.5 mg/ml of SaEE and 1mg/ml of TaEE after 8h of exposure. Inhibition in the enzyme activity affects the energy generating process leads to decreased production of ATP. Energy deprivation results in the death of the worms. The present study enlightened the anthelmintic effect of ethanol extracts of S. aromaticum and T. ammi suggest that could be used as a phytotherapeutic agents to combat the H. contortus infection in livestock.
Keywords: Pyruvate kinase, Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, Syzygium aromaticum, Trachyspermum ammi and Haemonchus contortus.
Title: Effect of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium aromaticum and Trachyspermum ammi on Pyruvate Kinase and Phosphoenol Pyruvate Carboxykinase of the Nematode, Haemonchus contortus
Author: S. Sathish Kumar, Dr. L. Veerakumari
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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