Abstract: While some argue that migration can reduce farm labour and subsequently lower agricultural production, others point out that migration can address the critical problem of under-employment faced by many, and, hence, not necessarily lead to a reduction in farm labour input. It is against this debate whether migration will improve or worsen conditions in these farm households and their communities that the study aimed at investigating the effect of human migration on the agricultural development of Somalia. The study was guided by four objectives including; assessing the effect of internal migration on agricultural development of Baidoa District, to determine the effect of external migration on agricultural development of Baidoa district, to investigate the effect of seasonal migration on agricultural development of Baidoa district, to ascertain the effect of immigration on agricultural development of Baidoa district. The study was guided by the neoclassical theory of migration; the theory understands migration to be driven by differences in returns to labor across markets. The researcher used a cross sectional survey design method for the study. In this type of research study, either the entire population or a subset thereof is selected, and from these individuals, data are collected to help answer research questions of interest. The study selected a sample of 100 respondents from the target population of 134 using Slovin`s equation. The population was divided into three strata consisting of government officials, farming households and civil society organizations and used quota sampling. The study employed simple random sampling technique in selecting respondents. The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data in this study. The collected data was checked for errors in the entries, and any unexpected values. The researcher employed descriptive analysis, percentages and frequencies to analyze the results of the questionnaire using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 22). The study investigated the effect of internal migration on agricultural development and findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between internal migration and Agricultural development. Findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between external migration and Agricultural Development. The study investigated the effect of seasonal migration on agricultural development of Somalia and findings indicated that there is a significant effect of seasonal migration on Agricultural Development. The study investigated the effect of immigration on Agricultural Development and findings indicated that there is a significant effect of immigration on Agricultural development. A review of the findings indicated that migrants’ remittances play a significant role in agricultural development of Somalia. To maximize the potential of remittances the study recommended the development of innovative financial products that provide the migrant with control over remittance use as this may help to mobilize migrant remittances for agricultural modernization. The study recommended further studies on the role of migrants` remittances in economic development of Somalia.
Keywords: internal migration, external migration, seasonal migration and immigration.
Title: EFFECT OF HUMAN MIGRATION ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF BAIDOA DISTRICT, SOMALIA
Author: Hussein Ibrahim Ahmed, Aaron Mukhongo
International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)
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