Abstract: Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, commonly known as kampupot or banana bush, is a shrub that produces numerous white flowers. Its leaves are elliptical or narrowly elliptical. It is known to be used in Thai folklore medicine since it possesses an abundant source of indole alkaloids. In this study, the methanolic extract of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui (Apocynaceae) was evaluated for its gastroprotective activity in different groups of male Swiss mice using using Ethanol ulcer models with Omeprazole (30mg/kg) as the standard drug. Ulcerations were induced through the administration of 95% Ethanol (1mL/200g). The adult Swiss mice were randomly distributed into 6 groups, where 5 of them were administered with the methanolic plant extract in a single dose by oral gavage at doses 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg, and 1 group was administered with normal saline solution as the vehicle. Microscopic analysis was performed by isolating a portion of the stomach from each experimental group, and were placed in a 10% formalin immersed in paraffin. The sections were examined by a pathologist without the knowledge of the experimental groups for presence of any negative features. Efficacy was assessed by the determination of the mean ulcer index and the percentage of ulcer protection, as well as determining the volume and pH of the gastric juice. The histopathological changes were quantified according to an arbitrary scale following a gross examination of gastric lesions in the isolated stomach by a 10x magnifier lens to assess the formation of ulcers, and were counted using scoring of ulcers. The mean ulcer score of each test animal was expressed as ulcer index. It was found that as the dose increases, the gastric pH also increases. There is also an observed decrease in the volume of the gastric juice, as well as a decrease in the mean ulcer index of the different dose levels induced to the test animals. Omeprazole at 30mg/kg BW inhibited ulcer formation by 90%, while the low dose group, intermediate dose group, and high dose group inhibited ulcer formation by 50%, 70%, and 80% respectively. Prevention of gastric ulcer seems to correlate with the blockade of H+/K+ ATP-ase. As seen in the statistical analysis using one–way Anova Kruskal-Wallis test, there is a significant difference in the ulcer score of the six groups (p=0.002), indicating that the ulcer group had the most severe ulcer level, followed by low dose. The ulcer inhibition of omeprazole, high dose and intermediate dose do not differ (p=0.276). In conclusion, the methanolic extract of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui may exhibit a gastroprotective activity against ethanol- induced gastric ulcer model in Swiss mice, however further studies are recommended to be conducted to validate the effectivity of the plant extract.
Keywords: Gastroprotective agent, Indole alkaloids, Omeprazole, Oral gavage, Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, Ulcerations.
Title: In Vivo Evaluation of the Gastroprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract from Tabernaemontana Pandacaqui (Apocynaceae) Leaves on Ethanol-Induced Ulcerations on Male Swiss Mice
Author: Cruz, Lunna-Sol C., Dacanay, Aleth Therese L., Delos Reyes, Daniel John Florence O., Lim, Jedric Jan Joshua C., Magsakay, Criezl Faye V., Magtoto, May T., Manalang, Junela S., Marcelo, Janiza Anne Claire M., Nieto, Xandro Alexi A., Sy-siong, Vincent Englebert T.
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
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