Abstract: The aim of the study was to analyse the Phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of the leaves of ocimum gratissimum. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of antimicrobial principles including tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinone, cardiac glycoside, steroidal terpenes and phlobatanins. The antimicrobial efficacy of water, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of dried leaf of Ocimum gratissimum against pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococcus pneumoniae were determined using the Agar well diffusion method. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract was most potent, inhibiting all isolates with diameter zones of inhibition 13 mm, followed by methanol extract, and water extract being the least. The S. pneumoniae showed no resistance to the water extract. All the extracts inhibited the growth of the bacterial isolates in a concentration dependent manner with MICs ranging between 125 - 1000 mg/ml, while MBCs gave a range of 13.5 - 250 mg/ml. The UV/Vis spectra of the crude extract revealed three major and three minor compounds. The HPLC chromatograms and IR spectra of O.grattisimum extract showed the presence of O=C=O, C=C=C (allenes), N=O, – N-H (amines) and -C=C- (alkenes) groups. These results suggested that probably a pyrrolizidine derivative of an alkaloid and eugenol of the type gamma eudesmol are present in the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, which may provide a considerable evidence to justify O. gratissimum as a good candidate medicinal plant for the treatment of cough.
Keywords: Ocimum Gratissimum, Phytochemical Analysis, Antibacterial activity.
Title: Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum Gratissimum Used In Treatment of Cough
Author: Bageya Godfrey, Adaku Christopher, Adia Madina Mohammad
International Journal of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-5736 (Online)
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