Abstract: Indiscriminate use of different detergents causes water pollution. A detergent not only effect on the chemical speciation of water bodies or the metabolic rhythm of biota but also accelerates eutrophication and death of aquatic organisms. Fishes (H.fossilis) were collected, washed, acclimatized and then reared separately in separate aquarium to determine sub-lethal concentrations of detergent. LC50 of mixture of two detergents (equal amount of Tide and Surf Excel) were calculated for a freshwater fish, H.fossilis and found to express as 9.5ppm, 15.2ppm and 21.7ppm. Dose dependent morphological, behavioral and hematological abnormalities were observed in H.fossilis treated with the mixture of detergents for 48, 72 and 96 hours. During the study, it was seen that the feeding rates of the fishes were decreased from 40.02mg/g/day to 32.5mg/g/day. Operculum movements were also decreased from 35 beats/minute to 13 beats/minute. Exposure of fishes to different sub-lethal concentrations of detergent showed erratic body movement, pale body colour, abnormal behaviour, less conversion efficiency, no response to food, loss of swimming capacity, occasional jerking of the body followed by mortality. Hematological parameters such as red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count and hemoglobin (Hb) content were decreased considerably (RBC reduced by -3.58, -6.64, -24.80%; WBC reduced by -3.18, -9.84, -12.64% and Hb reduced by -7.25, -16.12, -23.43%). The use of huge quantities and different kinds of detergent is causing foam in the water, reducing the air-water interaction and causing destruction of pond or beel or riverine ecosystem. Detergents may be entered in to the food chain of aquatic animals and absorbed through the gills or skin or through the alimentary canal along with food. So, the present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of sub-lethal concentrations of detergent on morphology, behaviour and haematology of H.fossilis.
Keywords: Detergents, Effects, Morphology, Behaviour, Haematology, H.fossilis.
Title: Toxicity determination of detergent-its effects on the morphology, behaviour and haematology of a freshwater fish, Heteropneustes fossilis
Author: Abdul Q. Osmani, Rijuana Ahmed, Hena Parbin, Bhagyashree Mahanta, Bodheswar Kalita
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
Research Publish Journals
